云南岩白菜素药源植物资源的保护与利用策略

通过对云南省岩白菜素药源植物的踏查、现场调查和访问调查了解到这类资源在云南省的野生种群的贮量已经显著减少;各地对这类资源的采收和需求量均很大。资源现状让人堪忧。应对这类资源中贮量较大者合理利用,对资源量已经锐减者尽快开展有效的保护措施。     

朱砂根岩白菜素提取条件优化

以朱砂根根为材料,对朱砂根岩白菜素提取条件进行了较系统的优化筛选试验,结果表明:(1)索氏提取器法提取岩白菜素的优化条件为:提取溶剂为95%乙醇,提取温度为85℃,料液比为1∶11,提取时间为6h,提取次数2次,在此条件下岩白菜素的提取率为2.30%;(2)超声波提取法提取岩白菜素的优化条件为:提取溶剂为95%乙醇,提取功率为50W,提取时间为50min,提取次数为2次,料液比为1∶11,在此条件下岩白菜素的提取率为2.54%。两种提取方法相比,以超声波提取法的提取率为高。     

云南鬼灯檠属植物中岩白菜素含量比较

[目的]比较云南鬼灯檠属植物不同种及产地样本的岩白菜素含量。[方法]采用HPLC测定云南鬼灯檠属植物不同种及产地样本的岩白菜素含量。色谱柱为AgilentZorbaxXDB-C18柱（4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm）,流动相为乙腈（A）-0.2%磷酸水溶液（B）梯度洗脱（0～10 min,0%～20%A,100%～80%B）,流速为1.0 ml/min,柱温为30℃,进样量为10μl,检测波长275 nm。[结果]岩白菜素在3～48μg/ml之间与吸光度值呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.999 6。4个种及变种的鬼灯檠属植物样本岩白菜素含量以西南鬼灯檠平均含量最高为5.59%,七叶鬼灯檠平均含量最低为3.45%。[结论]鬼灯檠属植物不同种之间岩白菜素含量不同,同种不同居群之间的岩白菜素含量变化也明显。     

超声提取岩白菜中岩白菜素的最佳工艺研究

[目的]建立超声波提取岩白菜中岩白菜素的最佳提取工艺。[方法]以岩白菜素提取量为指标,在单因素试验的基础上,采用正交试验对岩白菜素的超声提取工艺进行优选。[结果]岩白菜素的最佳提取工艺为超声功率70 W、药材粉碎目数100目、超声时间40 min,影响因素的主次顺序依次为药材粉碎目数、超声时间、超声功率。[结论]该方法具有操作简单、省时、提取率高等特点,为岩白菜的进一步开发研究提供试验依据。     

栽培虎舌红与野生品岩白菜素含量比较

[目的]测定驯化栽培的虎舌红与野生品中岩白菜素的含量。[方法]以野生的和驯化栽培的虎舌红及矮地茶为试材,采用高效液相色谱法测定驯化栽培的虎舌红与野生品中岩白菜素的含量,并将它们的岩白菜素的含量与矮地茶作了对比实验。色谱条件为:Hyper-sil C18ODS色谱柱,柱温25℃,波长275 nm,流动相:甲醇∶水(20∶80),流速1.0 ml/min。[结果]岩白菜素质量在0.204~1.224μg范围与峰面积值的线性关系良好(r=0.9998),平均加样回收率99.05%,RSD为0.4%(n=6);在该条件下,虎舌红岩白菜素含量在0.632%以上。[结论]在该实验条件下,驯化栽培的虎舌红中岩白菜素的含量与野生品几乎相同,野生虎舌红可以驯化栽培作药用。     

不同炮制方法对虎耳草有效成分含量的影响

[目的]考察不同炮制方法对虎耳草（Saxifraga stolonifera Meerb.）中有效成分含量的影响。[方法]用酒制、酒炒、醋制、醋蒸、清炒、盐制、蜜制和姜制等15种炮制方法炮制虎耳草,并设对照。采用HPLC法分别测定不同炮制方法炮制后虎耳草中有效成分的含量。[结果]与对照相比,醋制1（100 g药材中加入30 g米醋,加热至80℃,炮制时间15 min）炮制的虎耳草样品中岩白菜素的含量最高;醋制2（100 g药材中加入40 g米醋,加热至100℃,炮制时间30 min）炮制的虎耳草样品中原儿茶酸的含量最高;醋制3（100 g药材中加入20 g米醋,加热至80℃,炮制时间15 min）炮制的虎耳草样品中槲皮素的含量最高。综合各种不同的炮制方法,醋制优于其他炮制方法,且以醋制1的效果最好。[结论]该研究可为稳定虎耳草的炮制工艺提供依据。     

朱砂根愈伤组织中岩白菜素提取工艺优化

在单因素试验（提取溶剂及提取溶剂浓度、提取时间、提取温度、提取功率、料液比和提取次数）的基础上选取提取温度、提取时间、料液比这3个因素进行二次回归正交组合设计试验（响应面分析法）,利用响应面法对朱砂根愈伤组织中岩白菜素提取工艺参数进行优化研究。结果表明：当提取时间为49.74 min,提取温度为80.08 ℃,料液比为1 ∶ 10.00时,岩白菜素的浓度达到最大为81.34 μg/mL。     

Type 2 antidiabetic activity of bergenin from the roots of Caesalpinia digyna Rottler

Bergenin, a major constituent of Caesalpinia digyna Rottler (Leguminosae) was isolated from its roots and was characterized by comparing its melting point and spectroscopic data (IR, (1)H, (13)C, Mass Spectra) with standard bergenin. Isolated bergenin was then evaluated for antidiabetic (Type 2) activity in streptozotocin (STZ)-nicotinamide induced diabetic rats. Bergenin was administered at doses of 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg; p.o. to normal rats which were subjected to oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Bergenin at same dose level was given to diabetic rats and fasting blood glucose level was estimated on 0th, 7th and 14th day of treatment while plasma lipids, antioxidant enzymes and liver glycogen level in diabetic rats were estimated on 14th day of treatment followed by histopathological studies of pancreas. Bergenin at 10mg/kg; p.o. was found to reduce blood glucose level significantly in OGTT (P<0.01) while it showed a significant reduction in fasting blood glucose level in diabetic rats at same dose level only on 14th day of treatment. Bergenin in all dose levels reversed plasma lipid (reduced elevated TC, LDL-C and increased HDL-C level) profile to normal values except TG. However, bergenin showed no significant effect on liver glycogen at all dose level. The decrease in lipid peroxides and increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in liver illustrated the antioxidant potential of bergenin. Histopathological studies demonstrated the regenerative effect of bergenin on pancreatic β cells. Hence, bergenin isolated from C. digyna possesses significant antidiabetic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant activity in Type 2 diabetic rats.     

反相高效液相色谱法测定岩白菜素含量的方法

建立西藏产舌岩白菜中岩白菜素含量的反相高效液相色谱分析方法。色谱柱:ZORBAX SB-C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);色谱条件:检测波长274 nm,柱温35℃,流速0.8 ml/min;流动相:甲醇∶水=25∶75。利用正交试验确定了超声提取的最佳条件,结果表明,在选定条件下岩白菜素与其他组份达到了基线分离,岩白菜素的线性范围为0.306~2.14μg,r=0.999 8,回收率为101%(RSD=2.2%),该方法快速、简便,结果准确。     

Anti-inflammatory, cyclooxygenase inhibitory and antioxidant activities of standardized extracts of Tridax procumbens L.

The standardized EtOAc, MeOH and 70% EtOH extracts of Tridax procumbens aerial parts showed significant inhibition of rat paw edema at a medium dose of 200 mg/kg and the EtOAC extract was the most active. These extracts were standardized by HPLC with the help of chemical markers. Further, the extracts were evaluated for COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitory activity and EtOAc extract exhibited the highest inhibition of COX-1 and COX-2 at 50 μg/mL. Cent aurein, centaureidin and bergenin were isolated as COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitory principles from the EtOAc extract. The extracts also exhibited antioxidant activity against DPPH and ABTS free radicals. The anti-inflammatory activity of T. procumbens aerial parts could be at least in part due to COX-1, COX-2 enzyme inhibition and free radical-scavenging activities which may be attributed to the presence of flavonoids and other polyphenols in the extracts.