我国专利中拖拉机及车辆维护用材料的开发概况

介绍了国内发明专利中拖拉机及车辆维护用先进材料的新进展,其中包括制动材料、密封材料、润滑材料、快速堵漏剂、防冻液、防垢除垢材料、清洗剂、轮胎自补剂、涂料及修理工护肤产品等。     

QTL检测方法及其在畜禽育种中的研究进展

随着现代分子遗传学技术的进展,DAN分子遗传标记将各种家畜的遗传图谱与家畜育种结合,把复杂的数量性状分解为多个QTL进行检测定位分析。本文在介绍了QTL检测方法后,对各种家畜的QTL研究结果作了一个综述。     

Advanced glycation end products change spontaneous calcium spark morphology in cardiomyocytes

AIM:To investigate the effect of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) on the activity of rynodine receptor (RyR) and calcium regulation in cardiomyocytes, in order to clarify the underlying mechanisms of cardiac dysfunction in diabetic cardiomyopathy. METHODS:The frequency and morphology of spontaneous calcium sparks were observed in cultured neonatal rat ventricular myocytes by the imaging technique of laser scanning confocal microscope. RESULTS:Compared with control group, AGEs increased the frequency of calcium sparks, where 10 mg/L of AGEs increased by 48% (P<0.01), 50 mg/L of AGEs increased by 200% (P<0.01) and 150 mg/L of AGEs increased by 110% (P<0.01). AGEs alter the morphology of spontaneous calcium sparks. AGEs decreased the amplitude and width of calcium sparks, and calcium spark duration. AGEs increased the level of cardiomyocyte resting Ca2+. CONCLUSION: AGEs increases the frequency of spontaneous calcium sparks, thereby enhancing calcium spark-mediated leaking of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+, which may be the cause of diabetic cardiomyopathy systolic dysfunction.     

Advanced oxidation protein products are generated by bovine neutrophils and inhibit free radical production in vitro

Despite the recognised importance of oxidative stress in the health and immune function of dairy cows, protein oxidation markers have been poorly studied in this species. The current study aimed to characterise markers of protein oxidation generated by activated bovine neutrophils and investigate the biological effects of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) on bovine neutrophils. Markers of protein oxidation (AOPP, dityrosines and carbonyls) were measured in culture medium containing bovine serum albumin (BSA) exposed to neutrophils. The effect of AOPP-BSA on generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was assessed by chemiluminescence. Activation of caspases-3, -8 and -9 and the presence of DNA laddering were used as apoptosis markers.Greater amounts of AOPP were generated by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-activated than non-activated neutrophils (1.46 ± 0.13 vs. 0.75 ± 0.13 nmol/mg protein, respectively; P < 0.05). Activated neutrophils and hypochlorous acid generated slightly different patterns of oxidized protein markers. Exposure to AOPP-BSA did not stimulate ROS production. Activated neutrophils generated a lesser amount of ROS when incubated with AOPP-BSA (P < 0.001). Activation with PMA induced a loss of viable neutrophils after 3 h, which was greater with AOPP-BSA incubation (P < 0.05). Detectable amounts of active caspases-3, -8 and -9 were found in nearly all samples but differences in caspase activation or DNA laddering were not observed comparing treatment groups. Apoptosis was unlikely to be responsible for the greater loss of PMA-activated neutrophils cultured in AOPP-BSA and it is possible that primary necrosis occurred. The results suggest that accumulation of oxidized proteins at an inflammatory site might result in a progressive reduction of neutrophil viability.     

一种新型的牡丹各持资源——牡丹高代杂种

牡丹高代杂种属于牡丹革质花盘亚组与肉质花盘亚组间的远缘杂种，在育种及应用领域有着巨大潜力。本文介绍了牡丹高代杂种的育种历史、生物学特性，并结合我国牡丹种质资源的特点，阐述了牡丹高代杂种在我国的科学价值和应用前景。     

洋葱苯丙氨酸解氨酶基因AcPAL2的克隆与表达分析

利用简并PCR技术和RACE技术克隆得到了一条洋葱的苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)基因全长cDNA序列。该cDNA序列全长2349 bp,编码长685个氨基酸残基的多肽序列,命名为AcPAL2。Blast分析表明该序列与虎眼万年青Galtonia saundersiae、野蕉Musa balbisiana的相似性均较高。Real-time PCR表达及花青素含量分析表明,红皮洋葱该基因表达量最大,而黄皮和白皮洋葱表达量极低;在红皮洋葱中该基因在膨大初期大量表达,并迅速降低至一定程度后趋于相对平稳表达,且与花青素的积累过程相一致。     

Quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting sugars, organic acids and other biochemical properties possibly contributing to flavor, identified in four advanced backcross populations of tomato

Although the Advanced Backcross strategy has proven very useful for QTL detection in tomato, it has been used mainly in identifying QTL for agronomic traits such as yield, color, etc. Tomato flavor is an important quality characteristic, yet it has been difficult to assess flavor or traits that affect it. In this study the AB-QTL strategy was applied to four advanced backcross populations to identify QTL for biochemical properties that may contribute to the flavor of processed tomatoes, such as sugars and organic acids. A total of 222 QTL were identified for 15 traits, including flavor as assessed by a taste panel. Correlations of certain biochemicals with flavor and possible methods of assessing and improving flavor are discussed. In particular, QTL with very significant effects associated with the ratio of sugars/glutamic acid, a trait highly correlated with improved flavor, have been identified as good targets for future work in improving the flavor of tomatoes. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

臭氧/紫外-活性炭工艺去除水源水中莠去津的效能研究

为了考察高级氧化技术对水中莠去津处理效果,分别通过臭氧(O3)氧化与活性炭组合工艺、紫外(UV)消毒与活性炭组合工艺、臭氧-紫外与活性炭组合工艺这3种处理方法对松花江哈尔滨段江水中的莠去津处理效果进行试验.试验结果表明,莠去津去除效果O3/UV-活性炭工艺＞UV-活性炭工艺＞O3-活性炭工艺,且与活性炭联用技术都比单独工艺效果要好,经O3/UV-活性炭工艺处理后出水中莠去津的平均浓度为0.033 μg/L.     

高级氧化法处理腈纶厂废水的研究进展

介绍了腈纶厂废水的主要来源和危害,并综述了几种高级氧化法在处理腈纶废水、丙烯腈废水中的研究进展,同时分析了高级氧化法处理腈纶厂废水的作用机理、优势和存在的问题,并对其应用前景提出了展望。     

基于混沌和AES算法的数字图书馆数据加密方案

提出的加密方案是AES算法在数字图书馆中的应用和改进。改进的新算法采用Logistic映射初值作为种子密钥生成混沌序列,对该序列进行域值量化得到二进制密钥流,对其分组作为AES算法的初始密钥,实现了一次一密;通过用动态密码对明文修补,实现密文与明文的长度相同;通过减少加密轮次,降低其时间复杂度,从而使其在数字图书馆数据加密系统中的应用可行。计算机仿真结果验证了该算法的正确性以及密文对密钥的高度敏感性。