海南红肉与白肉火龙果营养成分含量分析

测定海南地区栽培的红肉火龙果和白肉火龙果中营养成分含量,比较两个品种间的差异。结果表明,红肉火龙果的糖酸比、碳水化合物、磷、钠、钙、锌、铜含量高于白肉火龙果,蛋白质、膳食纤维、灰分、脂肪、铁、镁、硒含量低于白肉火龙果;钙含量在两种火龙果中差异显著(P0.05),脂肪、镁含量在两种火龙果中差异极显著(P0.01)。     

Impact of weather variables and season on sporulation of Phytophthora pluvialis and Phytophthora kernoviae

Phytophthora pluvialis and Phytophthora kernoviae are the causal agents of important needle diseases on Pinus radiata in New Zealand. Little is known about the epidemiology of the diseases, making the development of control strategies challenging. To investigate the seasonality and climatic drivers of sporulation, inoculum traps, consisting of pine fascicles floating on water in plastic containers, were exchanged fortnightly at five sites in P. radiata plantations between February 2012 and December 2014. Sections of needle baits were plated onto selective media and growth of Phytophthora pluvialis and P. kernoviae recorded. To explore the generalizability of these data, they were compared to detection data for both pathogens from the New Zealand Forest Health Database (NZFHDB). Further, equivalent analyses on infection of Rhododendron ponticum by P. kernoviae in Cornwall, UK allowed the comparison of the epidemiology of P. kernoviae across different host systems and environments. In New Zealand, inoculum of P. pluvialis and P. kernoviae was detected between January–December and March–November, respectively. Inoculum of both species peaked in abundance in late winter. The probability of detecting P. pluvialis and P. kernoviae was greater at lower temperatures, while the probability of detecting P. pluvialis also increased during periods of wet weather. Similar patterns were observed in NZFHDB data. However, the seasonal pattern of infection by P. kernoviae in the UK was the opposite of that seen for sporulation in New Zealand. Phytophthora kernoviae was likely limited by warmer and drier summers in New Zealand, but by colder winter weather in the UK. These results emphasize the importance of considering both environmental drivers and thresholds in improving our understanding of pathogen epidemiology.     

低、无毒农药防治花灌木主要刺吸式口器害虫

在查清天津市园林主要花灌木刺吸口器害虫桃粉蚜、绣线菊蚜、棉蚜和山楂红蜘蛛发生消长规律的基础上 ,确定了防治适期和结合点 ,筛选出 10 %吡虫啉、绿灵、蚧螨灵、 1. 8%齐螨素和花保5种低、无毒药剂 ,防效均达到 90 %以上。查出天敌 13种 ,并对优势种作了取食量调查     

黑龙江流域中俄保护区现状及展望

黑龙江地处中俄边界，在流域内中俄积极开展保护合作。本文分析了中俄在黑龙江两侧的保护区类型、保护对象，结果表明黑龙江流域的众保护区具有共同的保护对象，保护区的类型也惊人的相似。这些相同相似之处对于中俄保护合作深入发展有重要义。     

沙土区薄壁连拱护岸墙试验与应用

沙土区薄壁连拱护岸墙为悬臂式支撑、薄壁连拱无底板结构，拱板中间采用无砂砼排水孔的钢筋砼肋形预制板，冲沉法施工，造价低廉；外形美观，抗倾、抗滑性能强。该墙为平原沙土区河道水土保持及修复找到了一条经济合理、施工方便、简便易行的护坡办法，具有较高的实用价值和广阔的推广使用前景。     

护坦与丁坝在林区沿河公路防护中的应用

研究分析了丁坝和护坦在沿河林区公路路基防护中的作用、防护原理、设置方法、应用条件和有效性问题。     

石羊河流域生态环境问题及综合整治意见

石羊河流域生态环境存在着严重的问题，主要是由于人口对生态环境的压力过大、水资源利用不当等因素引起的；对存在的问题进行了剖析，并从持续发展和综合生态系统的观点，将石羊河流域作为以水维系的生态系统整体。阐述了石羊河流域祁连山区实行造林和封育措施，绿洲平原区实行节水型持续农业的系统环境整治的技术措施与意见。     

青藏高原西部狮泉河宽谷区的荒漠化过程

狮泉河宽谷区的荒漠化过程以整个青藏高原的环境演化为背景，受人为的资源利用不合理而强化。今天的宽谷景观一方面隐含了高原宽谷的变化，一方面显示出干旱，退化的主导特征，较之西北干旱区，生态系统更具脆弱性，荒漠化的治理应在发挥区内水资源优质的同时强调生态系统自身的稳定。