芳香疗法在园林中的应用研究

介绍了芳香疗法的定义、发展过程以及国内外研究应用现状。芳香疗法具有疗效可靠、安全舒适、无毒副作用的特点。在防病疗疾、优化环境以及精神方面均有独特的功效。提出了“芳香植物专类园”、“夜花园”、“盲人植物园”、“保健绿地”等园林绿地的应用技术。     

生物油模型化合物催化裂解机理

为探索生物油催化裂解反应特性和催化作用机理,该文采用HZSM-5分子筛催化剂在550℃对生物油典型模型化合物(羟基丙酮、乙酸乙酯、愈创木酚)进行了催化裂解反应,研究模型化合物催化裂解特性和反应机理以及催化剂失活性质.试验结果显示:不含苯环的模型化合物催化裂解液体产物以芳烃为主,含氧化合物含量较低;羟基丙酮和乙酸乙酯的裂化气体产物分别以CO和烯烃为主.酚类模型化合物催化裂解液体产物仍以酚类为主,芳烃次之,说明苯酚类物质结构相对稳定,气体产物中烯烃含量约30%.根据气液产物分布,推测生物油催化裂解过程主要发生脱氧和环化反应,并对芳烃和烯烃有较好的选择性,为探索生物油催化裂解机理研究提供了理论依据.     

氯代芳香族化合物厌氧生物降解的微生物研究与应用

本文综述了氯化芳香族化合物厌氧生物降解的微生物源,微生物结构与功能,讨论了具有脱氯活性厌氧微生物的可应用领域。     

High levels of chlorinated aromatic compounds in deep rhine sediments with special reference to microbial transformations

Sediment cores were taken from the Ketelmeer, a sedimentation area of the River Rhine located in the central part of the Netherlands. Chlorinated benzenes, biphenyls, dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans were determined in all or in a selected number of core samples. Levels of these compounds since the late 1930s were established using radionuclide tracers and area-specific geological time markers. Unexpectedly high concentrations of chlorinated dioxins and furans were found in layers that were deposited in the 1960s and 1970s. the highly toxic 2,3,7,8-TCDD reached concentrations up to 400 ng kg⁻¹ in the mid-1960s. Post-depositional redistribution of pollutants was verified by analysing deeper layers that were unpolluted at the time of deposition. Downward transport was only found for some di- and trichlorobenzenes. Possible transformations in the anaerobic sediment were evaluated by analysing sediment top-layer samples taken in 1972. Supported by laboratory experiments, it became clear that some polychlorinated biphenyls and chlorobenzenes had been microbially dechlorinated in the anaerobic sediments. Up to 80 per cent of the input in the early 1970s has disappeared. on the other hand, The accumulation of a dechlorination product, 1,3,5-trichlorobenzene, from hexachlorobenzene transformation was found. This dechlorination product is less hydrophobic and therefore more mobile than the parent compound. This phenomenon is of particular concern with respect to groundwater quality.