箱式路面体系车辆通过性机理分析

为了评价机械化路面器材对车辆安全通行的保障能力，根据箱式路面器材的结构和受力特点进行结构简化，探讨铰接箱式路面体系与土壤相互作用模型。在沉陷计算的基础上分析集中载荷和均布载荷条件下行驶阻力和挂钩牵引系数的计算公式，提出铰接箱式路面体系车辆通过性评判方法，分析了附着系数、地基参数、结构尺寸对路面器材车辆通过性的影响。     

提高松散土壤表层承载能力的试验研究

通过测取驱动轮下松散土壤的运动规律,和土壤的压板与三轴仪试验,从其结果分析表明:提高松散土壤表层承载能力的主要措施是限制轮下土壤的剪切流动。根据骆驼足具有增加接地面积和固沙作用,提出研制仿驼足型步行式车辆,为设计开发沙漠运输车辆提供根据。     

Modelling of sinkage tests in tilled soils for mobility study

The study of the mechanical behaviour of breached surface soils allows the optimization of the running gear of the vehicles for the off-road mobility.The sinkage of the running gear causes a motion resistance which is opposed to the tractive capacity of the vehicle. In a homogeneous soil, the sinkage is predicted by the interpretation of plate sinkage tests. In order to make possible and easier the sinkage prediction of a vehicle going in a tilled soil, the article has for objective to present a method to model pressure–sinkage curve for a tilled soil with the pressure–sinkage curve of the same soil before tillage.The tilled soil is considered as two layers of the same soil whose density is lower for the upper layer than for the sub-base. The two-layered soil behaviour is modelled as the combination of the behaviour of the loose soil layer and the behaviour of the dense soil. The link between these two behaviours is a critical depth defined as the depth of the plate when the layer of soil in a critical density reaches the limit between the two layers.Sinkage tests with circular plates were carried out on four soils chosen to represent the mechanical properties of a range of soils: a sand for frictional soils, a silt for cohesive soils and a silty sand and a sandy loam for cohesive frictional soils predominant in the agricultural soils. The soils were tested in one-layered and two-layered configurations in small and large bins with well-known and controlled soil conditions.A theoretical approach allows the calculation of the critical depth with a deformation process of the soil below the plate. The critical depth depends on the density of the soil, the tillage depth, the diameter of the plate and the angle of friction of the soil.The critical depth allows the modelling of the pressure–sinkage curve for the tilled soils using the one-layered soil data. The comparison with the experimental tests in tilled soil validate the approach.     

与沉陷相关联的星球车挂钩牵引力模型研究

通过轮壤作用关系的线性化推导,建立简洁的挂钩牵引力模型用于星球车在轨沉陷预估。以玉兔号月球车为例,利用其车轮土槽试验进行了模型修正和验证,从而建立了用于星球车在轨沉陷预估的模型,验算得到修正后的挂钩牵引力模型的拟合值与土槽实测值的误差小于9%。提出的模型可以为星球车在沉陷前进行预警评估,也可为发生沉陷后的地面模拟脱困试验提供沉陷状态数据。该研究方法还可用于轮式机械在沙漠、滩涂等松软地面执行各种操作的快速沉陷预估。