便携式XRF仪现场快速测定土壤中Pb的可行性研究

便携式XRF分析仪具有轻便、快速和可测对象较多与测量元素较广等特点而广泛应用于矿石、土壤等方面快速检测,但土壤的现场快速测定结果的准确性有待进一步研究与探讨。以安宁河谷平原土壤中Pb为研究对象,通过对便携式XRF仪现场快速检测结果与实验室分析结果的对比和影响因素的分析,建立基于安宁河谷平原表层土壤快速测定结果的线性函数为y=1.170 9x-17.326 0(R~2=0.992 9,x为现场检测结果),探讨其影响因素,为该区域表层土壤中Pb快速检测结果提供依据。     

烟青虫初孵幼虫的高效快速收集方法

比较了常用的烟青虫人工收集方法和新研发的烟青虫初孵幼虫快速收集方法的效果。试验结果表明,与人工收集方法相比,快速收集方法获得初孵幼虫所用时间少,收集的初孵幼虫存活率搞,达96.33%,且收集的幼虫发育更加整齐,雌、雄蛹单头质量(雌蛹295.33 mg,雄蛹284.66 mg)略大;还可节省大量人力,避免了人工挑虫对初孵幼虫的伤害,保障了烟青虫实验种群的大量优质扩繁。     

薄荷的快速繁殖与栽培技术的研究

本文介绍了薄荷的特性、栽培技术及用途，表明它在我们日常生活中起着重要的作用。用薄荷的组织培养方法可加速其繁殖系数，以达到迅速应用的目的。     

夏枯草(Prunella vulgaris)组织培养和快速繁殖

以夏枯草的叶片、茎节、顶芽为外植体在含不同浓度的6-BA和NAA的MS培养基中培养,比较其增值率和分化率.发现以茎节为外植体,诱导不定芽的最佳培养基为MS 3.0 mg/L 6-BA 0.1 mg/L NAA,分化率为100%,增殖倍数为6.8.以顶芽为外植体,不定芽的最佳培养基为MS 3.0 mg/L 6-BA 0.05 mgm NAA或MS 3.0 mg/L 6-BA 0.1 mg/L NAA,分化率分别为88.2%和84.6%,增殖倍数分别为5.8和6.2.最佳生根培养基为1/4MS NAA 0.5 mg/L,生根率为100%.将生根的组培苗经过驯化移栽后,成活率为93%.表明,叶片难以分化;茎节的分化率效果最好;顶芽的分化能力介于二者之间.     

白菜型油菜DFR基因的克隆与序列分析

By using RACE (rapid amplification ofcDNA ends) based homologous cloning strategy, we have successfully isolated the genomic and full-length cDNA sequences of a gene encoding typical DFR (dihydroflavonol-4-reductase) from black-seeded Brassica campestris L. var. oleifera DC.. The gene, designated BcDFR here, is 1 722bp in length and harbors 5 introns with typical splice sites of plant DFR genes. BcDFR cDNA is 1311bp in length with a 1 158bp ORF as well as a 25bp 5‘ UTR and a 128bp 3‘ UTR. The encoded BcDFR protein is 385 aa with a calculated Mw of 42.85kD and a pI value of 5.55. The nucleotide and amino acid sequences of this gene share extensive homologies to plant DFR genes of wide origins especially high similarities to Cruciferous DFR genes. Sequence analyses such as phylogenetic analysis, conserved domain search and substrate specificity region detection all indicated that BcDFR gene is a quite potentially biofunctional gene. Its cloning enables us to further dissect the possible relatedness between DFR gene and Brassica seed coat color traits and to create transgenic novel yellow-seeded rapeseed germplasm through antisense- or RNAi-suppression of DFR gene expression in black-seeded elite cultivars.     

点云自适应切片方法研究

在反求工程(RE)中,对点云模型进行曲面重构不仅花费大量的时间,而且要求操作人员具有丰富的经验。而对点云切片则可避免曲面重构,直接生成层片文件,输入到快速成型(RP)机进行加工。但是点云切片的一个难题就是如何确定每层切片的厚度以保证切片的形状精度在误差范围内,提出一种基于距离图像的点云自适应切片的新方法,能够获得在给定的形状误差范围内切片层的最大厚度。     

逆向工程和快速成型技术在农具生产中的应用

随着现代制造业要求生产加工过程向高度自动化、精度化方向发展,计算机辅助工程在制造业中运用也越来越重要.为此,分析了计算机逆向工程技术和快速成型技术如何应用于羊毛剪刀摆杆模具的制造过程,为以后有关农业器具的生产加工提供了一个新的途径.此项技术不但提高了生产加工过程的自动化、精度化水平,而且有效地提高了生产效率,缩短了产品生产加工周期.     

油菜收获机清选装置虚拟样机的建模与仿真实验

针对油菜收获机清选装置的设计及改进过程中存在的各种问题,以DF-1.5型物料脱粒分离、清选仿真与控制试验台为原型,建立风筛清选装置的虚拟样机模型,并对不同机械系统工作参数下,油菜物料在清选装置中的运动规律进行初步的仿真研究。     

虚拟样机技术及其在农业机械设计中的应用

虚拟样机技术已成为提高现代产品设计性能的重要手段。本文指出了传统农业机械设计的不足之处，接着介绍了虚拟样机技术及虚拟样机开发过程，并结合联合收割机清选装置中振动筛的虚拟样机设计实例来说明虚拟样机技术对农业机械设计带来的作用。     

A logistic analysis of the factors determining the decision of smallholder farmers to intercrop: A case study involving rubber–tea intercropping in Sri Lanka

The factors influencing the decision of smallholder farmers to adopt new farming technologies were studied with reference to rubber–tea intercropping in Sri Lanka. Rubber–tea intercropping has been recommended previously to rubber farmers as a means to improve productivity and income during the early pre-tapping phase of rubber growth. Although crop trials have shown that the two crops are agronomically compatible and potentially produce a combined economic yield superior to the yield of a sole crop grown on the same area of land, there is little evidence of widespread adoption of this practice among smallholder farmers in Sri Lanka. The aim of the study was to determine the major factors that influence the decision to undertake rubber–tea intercropping and to construct a predictive model that describes the likelihood of adoption of intercropping by traditional smallholder rubber growers. A rapid rural appraisal (RRA) was undertaken based on semi-structured interviews of 90 smallholder farmers in the main rubber growing low wet zone of Sri Lanka. Among a number of factors shown to significantly influence the decision to intercrop tea with rubber, three were shown to operate independently, namely level of income, source of income (i.e. solely from own farm or from farm plus additional off-farm enterprises), and availability of land considered suitable for tea cultivation. A statistical model developed through correlation and logistic analysis, which predicts the likelihood of a smallholder adopting intercropping based on these factors, is presented and discussed. The most likely combination of circumstances (82% probability) under which rubber–tea intercropping is practiced is shown to be where the farmer’s income is greater than Rs. 10,000 per month, where the farmer’s income is based solely on own farm enterprises, and where more than 80% of the farmer’s land area was judged to be suitable for tea cultivation. Conversely, 30% of smallholder farmers that chose not to intercrop did possess land suitable for tea cultivation. Qualitative responses to the RRA indicated that limitation of technical knowledge was the main problem subsequently faced by rubber farmers who had adopted rubber–tea intercropping. Results indicate that there is need for both income support through farm subsidies and further agricultural extension services, if rubber–tea intercropping is to be adopted more widely in Sri Lanka. The wider usefulness of the developed logistic model in determining the likelihood of adoption of intercropping by smallholder farmers is discussed.