激光高速摄影测试装置设计的关键技术

主要介绍了对内燃机燃烧过程进行可视化测试的激光高速摄影装置设计过程中的几个关键技术,针对光学内燃机的改造设计、光学系统设计、同步控制系统设计以及激光器的选用和光学玻璃的配置、加工、使用等方面对高速摄影记录效果分析的影响,提出了相应的技术措施。     

高速柴油机曲轴扭/弯/纵三维振动的试验研究

利用开发的轴系扭 /弯 /纵三维振动测试装置 ,对典型的直列 6缸车用柴油机进行了轴系扭 /弯 /纵三维振动的测试研究。通过对轴系振动的测试结果进行幅频特性分析以及相干函数分析 ,从试验研究的角度分析了轴系扭 /弯 /纵三维振动的相互影响的特点。同时 ,研究了轴系的三维振动与机体裙部振动的关系。     

高速摄像技术在我国农业机械领域的应用

高速摄像技术是一项高科技测量技术,其应用已从军事、航空航天和电影等领域延伸到农业机械领域.为此,基于高速摄像技术的特点,系统分析了高速摄像技术在农业机械领域的应用研究概况,并探讨了其存在的问题和发展趋势.     

组合式轴流装置谷物流运动分析——基于高速摄像技术

基于高速摄像技术对组合式轴流装置脱分空间的自由籽粒、短茎秆和中长茎秆的运动状况进行了观察与数据采集,得出它们的运动轨迹和速度图,并进行分析.通过对谷物流的整体运动进行观察和分析,为建模与仿真研究奠定了基础.     

组合式轴流装置稻谷运动仿真及高速摄像验

根据运动学原理,建立了螺旋叶片板齿组合式轴流装置中稻谷的运动模型.通过计算机仿真得到了谷物运动的切向速度、轴向速度、绝对速度随时间的变化规律.谷物运动中的切向速度大于轴向速度,切向速度是构成绝对速度的主导因素,并利用高速摄像进行了验证,验证结果表明理论仿真结果与试验相一致.     

基于流场数值模拟的高速磁力泵汽蚀性能研

为了改善高速磁力泵的抗汽蚀性能,在泵吸入口处设置导流栅.建立了吸入口设置导流栅和未设置导流栅的两种模型,采用Fluent软件对高速磁力泵内流场进行数值模拟,给出了各自内部压力分布以及粒子流动迹线图.通过两组数据的比较,得到了内部流场的主要特征,模拟表明高速磁力泵吸入口设置轴向可变位导流栅可以有效提高抗汽蚀性能.数值模拟与高速磁力泵真机的试验对比表明,两者几乎一致,为高速磁力泵的改进设计提供了一定的理论依据.     

加工番茄果秧分离装置运动过程分析

为了深入研究加工番茄果秧分离特性,分析了加工番茄果秧分离装置激振器的运动过程,利用达朗贝尔原理建立其理论模型。利用SolidWorks对激振器的运动过程进行了仿真,并在FS-35型加工番茄果秧分离试验台上,利用高速摄像机拍摄了分离滚筒的运动过程,利用Blaster’s Mas软件对录像进行了处理和分析。分析结果表明,理论模型与实际运动吻合较好,验证了理论模型的正确性。     

Validation of Xanthophyll Levels in Catfish Fillets Using Digital Photography

Catfish fillets with yellow coloration have become a prevalent problem for the catfish industry. This problem is due to the unacceptability in the market because the shift in fillet color is considered of lower quality by the consumers. To help the catfish industry better understand the yellow coloration of catfish fillet, a digital photography measurement method was developed to evaluate the yellowness. Sixty catfish fillets with a range of degrees of visible yellowness were taken directly from the processing line. The fillets were photographed in a light box with a digital camera. The photos were calibrated with the X-Rite ColorChecker standardized color target. CIELAB readings of the fillet photos were recorded, and the b* value was used to indicate the yellowness of catfish fillets. The xanthophyll levels of fillets were analyzed with high performance liquid chromatography. The actual xanthophyll level in catfish fillet was calculated as the sum of lutein, zeaxanthin, and alloxanthin. A linear correlation was found between the LAB b* values and xanthophyll levels of the 60 catfish fillets.     

Postcards from the past: charting the landscape-scale conversion of tropical Australian savanna to closed forest during the 20th century

Repeated sequences of digitised and geo-referenced historical aerial photography provide a powerful means of understanding landscape change. We use this method to demonstrate a landscape wide expansion of closed forest (42% increase in total coverage) in the Australian monsoon tropics over the past five decades. Retrospective habitat suitability models (HSI) of closed forest derived using four landscape measures (drainage distance, slope angle, aspect and elevation) for imagery taken in 1947 correctly forecast the subsequent spatial distribution of the expansion, with topographic fire protection primarily determining the closed-forest distribution. The dynamics of the closed forest-savanna boundary were predicted accurately by generalised linear models, with closed-forest expansion in fire-protected sites along forest edges and regression in the more fire-prone areas. Two factors may plausibly explain the expansion of closed forests. First, eco-ethnographic records stress the skilful use of fire by Aboriginal people in protecting isolated and locally resource-rich closed-forest patches. Second, the recent global increase in atmospheric CO₂ may be changing the competitive balance between savanna and forest by enabling C₃ trees to grow fast enough to escape the fire trap presented by flammable C₄ grasses.     

摆动分离筛薯土分离机理分析与参数优化试验

针对摆动分离筛薯土分离机理不明确,作业参数匹配不合理导致明薯率与马铃薯破皮率矛盾突出等问题,利用高速摄像机实时拍摄不同曲柄转速、筛面倾角和机器前进速度时摆动分离筛上薯土混合物的分布状态,统计并分析薯土混合物分布高度的变化规律,揭示薯土分离机理,并获得影响分离筛性能主要因素的取值范围。以明薯率和破皮率为评价指标,采用Box-Behnken响应面试验方法进行试验,建立各指标与因素间的回归数学模型,对影响摆动分离筛性能的结构与工作参数进行优化。结果表明,各因素对明薯率、破皮率影响由大到小为曲柄转速、筛面倾角、机器前进速度。摆动分离筛优化参数组合为:曲柄转速230 r/min,筛面倾角21.1°,机器前进速度2.03 km/h,优化后明薯率和破皮率分别为98.94%和0.21%,明薯率较优化前提高1.68个百分点,破皮率较优化前降低9.6个百分点,参数优化试验结果满足国家标准要求。