华北驼绒藜雨季移栽成活率研究

本文是不同季节移栽华北驼绒藜(Ceratoides arborescens)系列研究之一。干旱区春季生态建植有补水之苦,雨季移栽表明,不需坐水或补水,成活率可高达60%,浸根可提高成活率至90%;说明雨季移栽是可行的。移栽植株数日内叶片含水量和叶绿素含量急剧下降、脯氨酸含量骤然升高,含量恢复过程则较缓慢,说明移栽使植株突然损伤,但终能恢复至正常生理状态。     

Evaluation of WARM for different establishment techniques in Jiangsu (China)

WARM is a model for rice simulation accounting for key biotic and a-biotic factors affecting quantitative and qualitative (e.g., amylose content, chalkiness) aspects of production. Although the model is used in different international contexts for yield forecasts (e.g., the EC monitoring and forecasting system) and climate change studies, it was never explicitly evaluated for transplanting, the most widespread rice establishment method especially in tropical and sub-tropical Asia. In this study, WARM was tested for its ability to reproduce nursery growth and transplanting shock, using data on direct sown and transplanted (both manual and mechanical) rice collected in 24 dedicated field experiments performed at eight sites in Jiangsu in 2011, 2012 and 2013. The agreement between measured and simulated aboveground biomass data was satisfactory for both direct sowing and transplanting: average R² of the linear regression between observed and simulated values was 0.97 for mechanical transplanting and direct sowing, and 0.99 for manual transplanting. RRMSE values ranged from 5.26% to 30.89%, with Nash and Sutcliffe modelling efficiency always higher than 0.78; no notable differences in the performance achieved for calibration and validation datasets were observed. The new transplanting algorithm – derived by extending the Oryza2000 one – allowed WARM to reproduce rice growth and development for direct sown and transplanted datasets (i) with comparable accuracy and (ii) using the same values for the parameters describing morphological and physiological plant traits. This demonstrates the reliability of the proposed transplanting simulation approach and the suitability of the WARM model for simulating rice biomass production even for production contexts where rice is mainly transplanted.     

大兴安岭天然蓝靛果离体培养与轻基质移栽技术

以大兴安岭阿木尔地区天然蓝靛果忍冬为试材,研究不同激素对试管苗生长分化的影响,筛选出分化增殖和生根的最佳培养基配方。结果表明,分化增殖的培养基为MS+6-BA 2.0 mg/L+IBA 0.3 mg/L+GA30.5 mg/L,芽苗生长速度快,茎秆粗壮,叶片浓绿;最佳生根培养基为1/2MS+NAA 0.5 mg/L,试管苗根系发达,生根数量多,生根速度快;移栽基质为松针∶草炭∶阔叶=1∶1∶1,空气相对湿度在65%~75%,蓝靛果忍冬组培苗成活率最高,为91.2%,苗木生长健壮。     

长沙县水稻机械化育插秧现状与对策

水稻机插秧具有节省秧田、稳产高产等优势,可产生良好的经济效益和社会效益。长沙县作为农业生产大县,其水稻机插秧的现状已不适应现代农业发展的需要,因此需要加强宣传,加大投入与培训力度,实行工厂化、规模化育秧,推动机插秧的发展。     

艾西丝南瓜试管苗移栽技术研究

对艾西丝南瓜试管苗的移栽季节、基质及不同根长试管苗移栽成活率和生长发育进行了研究。结果表明,在移栽季节、基质适宜的条件下,艾西丝南瓜试管苗的移栽成活率达９０％～１００％。其中,移栽的最佳季节是春季（３月１０日至４月２０日）,最适宜的移栽基质是Ｖ（细砂）∶Ｖ（腐叶土）∶Ｖ（粗砂）＝１∶１∶１分层基质,且试管苗根长小于１ｃｍ时移栽适应环境快,生长势强,成活率高。     

酸枣组培苗的生根及移栽研究

以酸枣组培苗为试材,研究了IBA不同浓度、茎段不同类型及刻伤与否等对生根的影响,并以蛭石、土、珍珠岩、沙子等为基本基质进行了移栽实验。结果表明:采用1/2MS培养基添加IBA1.0～1.5 mg/L,生根效果最好,平均生根率达83.2%～96.3%;带茎尖茎段的生根率显著高于不带茎尖茎段;茎段基部刻伤处理后较对照生根量明显增加;酸枣带根组培苗适宜的移栽基质为1:1的珍珠岩和土;5月份移栽下地的组培苗,其生长呈现慢-快-慢的趋势。     

沙地樟子松树坨移栽技术研究

为提高沙地大树移栽成活率 ,尽快成林 ,本文论述了沙地移栽大树坨成败因素、方法 ,提出樟子松树坨以 6～ 8年生为最佳 ,超过 10a不宜移栽。同时提出沙地树坨移栽的 2种新方法     

基于GoogLeNet和无人机图像的水稻秧苗形态识别

【目的】针对目前国内评价插秧质量主要以人工观察和随机抽样的现状,提出一种基于卷积神经网络GoogLeNet对水稻秧苗图像进行形态识别的方法。【方法】首先,利用无人机超低空航拍获取清晰、完整的稻田秧苗图像,通过裁剪标记制作漂秧、伤秧和合格秧苗数据集;然后,基于GoogLeNet结构训练数据,得到最佳网络识别模型;最后,对单穴秧苗图像进行分类试验,并与传统图像分类算法(SVM、BP神经网络)进行对比。【结果】在相同样本的条件下,基于GoogLeNet的秧苗形态识别方法更快、更准确地完成了判断分类,秧苗形态识别的平均正确率为91.17%,平均耗时0.27 s;与SVM和BP神经网络相比,分类平均精度分别提高了21和13个百分点,检测时间分别缩短了1.09和0.58 s。【结论】本研究可为水稻插秧质量评价提供相关支持。     

移栽期与施氮量对烟叶产质量的影响

为探究适宜陕西洛南烟区的烤烟移栽期和施氮量,试验以云烟99为供试材料,对比不同移栽期(4月25日、5月1日、5月6日)和施氮量(112.5 kg/hm~2、120 kg/hm~2、127.5 kg/hm~2)对烤烟主要生育期、农艺性状、病害发生、经济性状等的影响。结果表明,在洛南以5月1日移栽、施氮量为120 kg/hm~2时,烟叶品质最优。     

影响勉县无性系茶苗移栽成活因素及栽培管理技术

根据陕西省勉县的气候特点和多年来指导无性系茶园建设的经验,总结分析了影响勉县无性系茶苗移栽成活的主要因素,并提出了在无性系茶园建设中提高茶苗移栽成活率应注意的技术细节问题。