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1.
山东省某养鸭场蛋鸭发病,通过临床诊断及实验室检测最终确诊为坦布苏病毒与金黄色葡萄球菌混合感染。通过对感染鸭群进行对症治疗和抗生素治疗,控制住了病情,减少了经济损失。  相似文献   
2.
宜溧河流域是太湖上游的主要集水流域,该流域的污染物排放是太湖污染负荷的重要来源。重点针对种植业、畜禽养殖业和水产养殖业三种农业污染源,基于统计年鉴、遥感解译、野外监测和调研等多种手段,对种植业、水产养殖业和禽畜养殖业分行业进行了氮污染负荷核算。结果表明,2013年宜溧河流域主要农业源氮污染负荷总量为6861 t,单位排放强度为22.2 kg·hm-2;种植业和禽畜养殖业是宜溧河流域氮污染的主要来源,其中种植业源TN排放量最大,为3832 t,占总负荷的55.9%,种植业中蔬菜地对氮污染的贡献较大,TN排放量占总农业源负荷的18.7%;禽畜养殖业源TN排放量次之,占总负荷的34.4%;水产养殖业源TN排放量最小,占总负荷的9.8%.因此,针对宜溧河流域农业源氮污染的治理,在考虑禽畜养殖和水产养殖的同时,应以种植业污染尤其是菜地作为重点研究对象,制定合理的控制措施。  相似文献   
3.
【目的】鸭瘟(DP)是由鸭瘟病毒(DPV)引起的一种急性、败血性传染病,以头颈肿胀、食道黏膜和泄殖腔黏膜出血、黄白色溃疡,头颈部皮下有黄白色胶冻样渗出为特征。该病一旦发生,发病急、死亡快、死亡率高,对养鸭业危害严重。快速诊断是控制鸭瘟的重要措施之一,可以及时确定病原,以便采取有效的防制手段。试验旨在建立鸭瘟病毒(DPV)胶体金快速检测方法。【方法】利用生物学软件Protean分析,选择鸭瘟病毒抗原表位较多的一段序列设计引物,PCR扩增目的基因。连接到载体pMD-18T上,测序正确后再连接到原核表达载体pET-28a上。将获得的重组质粒转化至Rosetta感受态细胞中进行诱导表达。表达的蛋白经纯化后测其浓度并经Western blotting鉴定分析。以表达的DPV-gB蛋白作为抗原,免疫7周龄BALB/c小鼠,取其脾细胞与SP2/0骨髓瘤细胞进行融合,经间接ELISA筛选及亚克隆,获得DPV-gB特异性单克隆抗体。采用柠檬酸三钠还原法制备胶体金颗粒,以制备的H6F6单抗作为标记抗体(标记的最适pH为8.0—8.5,最佳标记浓度为15倍原液稀释),将纯化的A8D7单抗(浓度为2倍原液稀释)和羊抗鼠IgG(浓度为10倍稀释)包被在硝酸纤维素膜(NC)上,分别作为检测线和质控线,经条件优化建立了鸭瘟病毒胶体金试纸条检测方法。【结果】共获得4株能稳定分泌抗DPV-gB蛋白抗体的杂交瘤细胞株,命名为A8D7、E6C3、H11F8、H6F6。间接ELISA检测腹水效价分别为1:10~3、1:10~3、1:10~5、1:10~3。亚类鉴定结果分别为IgG2b、IgG2a、IgG2b、IgG1,轻链均为kappa链。Western blotting结果显示4株单抗均能与DPV-gB蛋白特异性结合。IFA结果显示制备的4株单抗是针对DPV产生的。建立的胶体金试纸条方法能够特异性地检测鸭瘟病毒,与鸭坦布苏病毒、H9N2亚型禽流感病毒、呼肠孤病毒、减蛋综合征病毒无反应。阳性尿囊液稀释50倍后用该试纸条检测依然为阳性;用不同批次的试纸条重复检测,结果无差异。利用制备的胶体金试纸条和PCR方法对38份临床样品进行检测比较,结果显示两者符合率为91.6%。【结论】本研究建立的试纸条检测方法具有良好的特异性、敏感性、重复性和稳定性,可用于DPV的快速检测。  相似文献   
4.
通过人工饲养的方式探索出白马鸡驯养的经验,即:在野生白马鸡适宜生境下建立饲养场,从育雏阶段开始进行人工投食饲养和本地土鸡带领相结合的驯养方式。目前已经完成从子一代到子二代的完整驯养、饲养流程,取得了云南省林业厅的驯养繁殖许可证。对育雏、亚成体、成体阶段的喂食量、存活情况等作了分析,认为接近原始生境的环境及本地带雏母鸡是成功的重要条件。  相似文献   
5.
6.
采用异亲鸟孵化与机器孵化2种繁殖方法对白马鸡种卵孵化的出雏率、种卵失重率等方面进行对比分析。结果表明,异亲鸟孵化成功率达87%以上,机器孵化的出雏率为85%;发育正常的白马鸡种卵在孵化器内正常孵化失重率变化不大,在13%左右;无发育能力的白马鸡卵在孵化器内正常孵化失重率变化较大,在11%~17%之间变动。在白马鸡人工孵化过程中种卵选择是孵化成功的先决条件。  相似文献   
7.
To analyze the effect of agricultural activity on nitrogen(N) budget at the watershed scale,a comparative study was conducted at two Japanese watersheds,the Shibetsu River watershed(SRW) and Upper-Naka River watershed(UNRW),and one Chinese watershed,the Jurong Reservoir watershed(JRW).The total area and the proportion of agricultural area(in parentheses) of the watersheds were 685(51%),1 299(21%),and 46 km 2(55%) for SRW,UNRW,and JRW,respectively.The main agricultural land use in SRW was forage grassland,while paddy fields occupied the highest proportion of cropland in UNRW(11% of total area) and JRW(31% of total area).The farmland surplus N was 61,48,and 205 kg N ha 1 year 1 for SRW,UNRW,and JRW,respectively.The total input and output for the whole watershed were 89 and 76,83 and 61,and 353 and 176 kg N ha 1 year 1 for SRW,UNRW,and JRW,respectively.The proportion of discharged N to net anthropogenic N input was 31%,37%,and 1.7% for SRW,UNRW,and JRW,respectively.The two watersheds in Japan showed similar proportions of discharged N to those of previous reports,while the watershed in China(JRW) showed a totally different characteristic compared to previous studies.The high N input in JRW did not increase the amount of discharged N at the outlet of the watershed due to high proportions of paddy fields and water bodies,which was an underestimated N sink at the landscape scale.  相似文献   
8.
Ponds are widely distributed in rice-based agricultural watersheds, particularly in southern China, and may play an important role in nitrate (     ) removal. However, the denitrification rate of pond sediment, measured using the acetylene (C2H2) inhibition technique, indicated that the amount of nitrogen removed by denitrification accounted for <1% of the total nitrogen applied. The present study was undertaken to determine the effects of sediment depth and temperature on denitrification of pond sediment using the C2H2 inhibition technique. The highest denitrification potential was found in the upper 5 cm of sediment, but this only accounted for approximately 34% of the total denitrification of the upper 0–30 cm of sediment, suggesting that sediment denitrification potential would be underestimated if only the upper 5 cm of sediment was measured. The denitrification potential was low and showed a weak response over a temperature range of 6–18°C, whereas denitrification increased significantly from 18 to 30°C, indicating that denitrification may play an important role in the removal of     in warm seasons. A comparison of the     disappearance and C2H2 inhibition methods showed that they were significantly ( P  < 0.01) and positively correlated. However, the C2H2 inhibition method gave only approximately 25% of the values determined by the     disappearance method.  相似文献   
9.
利用无机铜试剂(CIE)在新陆早17和新陆中26两棉花品种的3叶期和蕾期进行叶面喷施,检测棉株叶片内的苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)的活性变化。结果表明,两品种在3叶期和蕾期均表现为PAL活性显著增高,第2天后即开始产生对PAL活性诱导作用,第10天后PAL的活性开始回落至对照组水平;两品种蕾期PAL的诱导活性均明显高于3叶期,且PAL高活性水平持续天数较3叶期长;棉花不同生育期使用CIE,均可增强棉叶PAL的活性;两品种在不同生育期的PAL活性出现峰值的时间、强度不一,显示出品种抗性的差异性。试验表明,CIE可诱导增强棉叶中PAL的活性。  相似文献   
10.
Chemical vapor deposition of germanium onto the silicon (001) surface at atmospheric pressure and 600 degrees Celsius has previously been shown to produce distinct families of smaller (up to 6 nanometers high) and larger (all approximately 15 nanometers high) nanocrystals. Under ultrahigh-vacuum conditions, physical vapor deposition at approximately the same substrate temperature and growth rate produced a similar bimodal size distribution. In situ scanning tunneling microscopy revealed that the smaller square-based pyramids transform abruptly during growth to significantly larger multifaceted domes, and that few structures with intermediate size and shape remain. Both nanocrystal shapes have size-dependent energy minima that result from the interplay between strain relaxation at the facets and stress concentration at the edges. A thermodynamic model similar to a phase transition accounts for this abrupt morphology change.  相似文献   
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