工厂化水产养殖水质监测系统

工厂化水产养殖的密度高、风险大,养殖对象对pH、溶解氧、温度、氨氮、亚硝酸盐等水质参数的变化敏感,受影响严重,监测水质参数极为重要。本文针对工厂化水产养殖水质监测特点和需求,研发了工厂化水产养殖水质监测系统。分析研究pH、溶解氧、温度、亚硝酸盐等水质参数的阈值,设计水质监测数据无线采集节点和基于Zigbee的无线监测网络,建立水质监测系统软件平台。结果表明,该系统能够实现工厂化水产养殖水质实时监测,保证生产安全,提高水产养殖生产效率。     

Early Pregnancy Detection of Iraqi Riverine Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Using the BioPRYN Enzyme‐Linked Immunosorbent Assay for PSPB and the Progesterone Assay

This study was undertaken to detect pregnancy in Iraqi riverine buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) using three different methods (rectal palpation, plasma progesterone concentration and detection of the presence of pregnancy‐specific protein B (PSPB) with the BioPRYN^® enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test. The aim of the study was to identify the most sensitive, early and accurate method for detecting pregnancy. Twenty‐two female riverine buffalo that were 6.0 ± 0.93 years old were used. Four blood samples per buffalo were taken via jugular venipuncture at days 22–24, 32–34, 42–44 and 58–61 post‐mating (PM) to measure the progesterone concentration (ng/ml) and to detect the presence of plasma PSPB. The rectal palpation method was employed to evaluate all buffalo on days 42–44 and 58–61 PM. The BioPRYN^® test differed (p < 0.01) from the other tests with earlier accuracy for detecting pregnant and non‐pregnant buffalo. Eighty‐eight percent of pregnant and 76.9% of non‐pregnant buffalo were distinguished early (days 22–24 PM) using BioPRYN^® and plasma PSPB‐ELISA level (2.09 ± 0.12 ng/ml) in relation to 66.7% and 53.9% detected using the progesterone assay at similar days (4.30 ± 0.40 ng/ml). In conclusion, these results described, for the first time, the early and accurate pregnancy detection of water riverine buffalo using BioPRYN^® technology and provided the plasma levels of PSPB using an ELISA test. These findings will improve the reproductive and productive efficiency of Iraqi riverine buffalo by adapting the recent management and reproductive strategies in Iraq and in the world.     

利用沙尘暴进行荒漠化草原表土再造技术原理及实践

依据风沙学原理,利用沙尘暴现象对内蒙古荒漠草原进行了表层土壤再造试验。采用地表撒松散杂草(秸秆)后用尼龙网罩固定的方法,拦截沙尘暴所携带的尘土。再造后的土壤掩埋了裸露的植物根系和地表面的砾石,比对照土壤有效锌增加114.8%、有机质增加33.3%、全氮增加77.1%、有效磷增加150.0%、速效钾增加7.8%、pH值降低了1.3%。此方法为如何利用沙尘暴这一自然现象开辟了新的思路。     

Agglomeration and Competition among Chinese Cities: An Investigation of Taiwanese High‐Tech Foreign Direct Investment

The purpose of this study was to investigate how Taiwanese high‐tech firms' foreign direct investment (FDI) leads to agglomeration and competition among cities in China. By using social network analysis to analyze 1,111 subsidiaries affiliated with 270 multinational corporations (MNCs) during the years between 1988 and 2006 in 30 major Chinese cities, this study finds that: 1) agglomeration in Chinese cities falls into three primary categories: the hub cluster, the communication‐extended cluster, and the computer‐extended cluster. Among the aforementioned clusters, the hub cluster is the most critical in terms of firm location, and therefore is often a high‐priority investment site for Taiwanese high‐tech firms. 2) Chinese cities fall into four primary groups, or “blocks”: the core block, the coast block, the inland block, and the periphery block; these groups were determined by applying a structural equivalence analysis of which members of each type are in competition with one another. By linking the findings of the urban network characteristics to Chinese regional economic policies, this study provides guidance to aid executives in determining the optimal location for future FDI. Implications and suggestions for host country governments in terms of firms' investment strategies are also discussed.     

内蒙古草原污染源及对畜体危害分析

随着内蒙古草原牧区工农业、旅游业的发展,草原生态受到了一定影响。工业及生活污染日趋严重,造成放牧场牧草污染,污染残留物的转移和积蓄也影响了家畜正常健康的生长。简单概述了草原牧草的污染源、污染元素及对畜体危害。     

内蒙古苏尼特右旗草原土壤营养元素有效态含量分析

本研究选择内蒙古苏尼特右旗天然草场主要6个草场类,8个草场型,分析了0~30 cm土壤营养元素(全N、P、K、Ca、Mg、S、Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn、B和Mo)有效态含量及与土壤有机质、pH值之间的相互关系。结果表明,1)研究区土壤pH(8.84±0.23),均为碱性土壤;土壤有机质含量与全N含量均较低,平均分别为(9.92±4.65) g/kg和(0.46±0.25) g/kg;营养元素有效态含量积累顺序为:河泛地、湖盆低地盐生草甸草场类>荒漠草原草场区“小针茅+无芒隐子草+葱属”植被型>沙丘植被草场类,河泛地、湖盆低地盐生草甸草场类土壤矿质元素有效态含量显著高于其他草场类。2)土壤富含K元素,B和Mo处于严重缺乏状态;除了河泛地、湖盆低地盐生草甸草场类以外草场类微量元素含量均处于轻度缺乏或缺乏状态。3)土壤pH与土壤N、P、Ca、Mn和Cu元素有效量存在显著负相关性关系;土壤有机质则与土壤N、P、Ca、S、Fe、Mn和Cu元素有效量存在极显著正相关性关系。     

聚合条件对羧甲基纤维素、玉米淀粉双母体高吸水性树脂性能的影响

采用自由基聚合法,以过硫酸铵为引发剂,N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,羧甲基纤维素及玉米淀粉与丙烯酸进行自由基接枝共聚合成吸水剂.并详细考察了中和丙烯酸时,KOH的用量及中和度对高吸水性树脂吸收能力的影响.实验表明:丙烯酸的中和度为95%时,高吸水性树脂对纯水、自来水和生理盐水的吸收率有最高值,分别是592g/g、300g/g和99g/g.当氢氧化钾的中和百分比为1%时,高吸水性树脂对纯水、自来水和生理盐水有最高吸收率,分别为630g/g、340g/g和95g/g.     

大型灯泡贯流式泵站振动研究概述

机组和泵房的振动是泵站运行中最为常见的问题，直接影响泵站的安全可靠运行。对大型灯泡贯流式泵站振动研究现状和抗振安全评价计算分析方法作了详细的介绍，对研究机组振动诱发泵房振动的共振校核法、拟静力法、谐响应求解法和瞬态动力时程法等进行了阐述，并对这几种方法进行了分析比较，就其存在的问题作了总结概述。