家畜中抗菌素耐药性:抗生素的进展与替代(续1)

正上期回顾:本篇文章上期主要阐述了最近动物饲料行业使用抗生素的进展情况和抗生素替代品的概况,其中包括:使用CRISPR/Cas基因编辑系统逆转抗生素耐药性并用作抗菌剂、增强抗菌效力的抗生素缀合物、以噬菌体作为抗菌剂、设计用于控制体内微生物疾病的抗菌肽以及使用化学合成的病毒样纳米粒子(纳米抗生素)杀死致病菌。     

喂CSM引起母猪早产

如将母猪日粮中的CSM(棉籽饼粉)含量从<5%增加到10%,能提高母猪早产(妊娠期<111日)的发生率.即从1.1写增至2.7%,并显著降低平均妊娠日数(从114.07士1.53降     

饲喂玉米——豆饼日粮的肉用仔鸡维生素B_2的需要量

用玉米——豆饼粉日粮饲喂一日龄肉用雏鸡,进行两个21天的笼养试验,以重新评定最佳生产性能的维生素B_2的需要量。每个试验用6个日粮处理和384只雏鸡,每个处理饲料中维生素B_2分别为0,0.9,2.02.8,3.6,4.4mg/kg。玉米——豆饼粉日粮每千克含粗蛋白质22％,代谢能3200千卡。分析未补充维生素B_2日粮中维生素B_2含量为2.6mg/kg。一种严重的腿麻痹(一条或二条腿不能走和移动)首先在未补充维生素B_2的10至21日龄雏鸡中发现。除腿麻痹外,高死之率和生长不良是所观察到的维生素B_2缺乏的主要症状。用broken—line技术测定,用于生长的维生素B_2最低需要量为每千克饲料3.6mg。但为了避免腿麻痹症的发生,建议每千克饲料维生素B_2最低需要量为4.6mg。在最大采食量(834g)基础上观察,鸡达到最大体重(593g)在21日龄。为了发挥其最大生产性能,每克体重最少约需6.5mg的维生素B_2。     

高粱IS1112C（A3）雄性不育胞质的育性恢复由两个基因转变成1个基因

杂交高粱种子的生产取决于胞质核雄性不育性(CMS)的利用。目前广泛采用的高粱CMS资源是来自milo或雄性不育诱导的milo胞质组。载有该胞质的品系的育性恢复急需通过两个基因的互补作用机制来实现；1989年Sehertz等人研究了大量的高粱品系，     

Study on Cultural Technologies and Salt-resistance of Nitraria sibirica in Coastal Areas with Serious Salt-affected Soil

In this research, five Nitraria sibirica provenances such as Dayilu were selected to do experiment of salt-resistance, combining fixed plots test with typical plot investigation, measuring survival rate and growth as main indicators. The experiments of main cultural technology were done on Nitraria sibirica in 4 types of site preparation, 3 types of planting, 3 designs for planting density. The Nitraria sibirica experiments for the effects of curbing salt and improving soil were done by testing soil nutrients, salt content, soil physical properties as focal points in typical site of 3-4 years woods. The experiment results showed that the Nitraria sibirica could survive well with soil salt content of 0.6%, and that survival rate declined distinctively as soil salt content exceeded 0.8%. However, high soil salt content did not influence growth in the year of planting. There were obvious differences in salt-tolerance among Nitraria sibirica provenances; Dayilu was the best on salt-tolerance, the other 4 pro