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排序方式: 共有190条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Shotaro KUBO Morihiro TATENO Yasuaki ICHIKAWA Yasuyuki ENDO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(10):1275-1279
Tick-borne diseases are often encountered in canine clinical practice. In the present
study, a molecular epidemiological survey of dogs in Japan was conducted to understand the
prevalence and geographical distribution of Babesia spp.,
Hepatozoon spp., Ehrlichia spp. and
Anaplasma spp. Pathogen-derived DNA in blood samples obtained from 722
dogs with a history of exposure to ticks and/or fleas was examined by PCR. The prevalence
of Babesia gibsoni, Babesia odocoilei-like species,
Hepatozoon canis and Ehrlichia
spp./Anaplasma spp. was 2.4% (16/722), 0.1% (1/722), 2.5% (18/722) and
1.5% (11/722), respectively. While B. gibsoni and
Ehrlichia spp./Anaplasma spp. were detected in the
western part of Japan, H. canis was detected in Tohoku area in addition
to western and central parts of Japan. 相似文献
2.
Fisheries Science - Bioturbation by the sand dollar Scaphechinus griseus is suspected to inhibit the recruitment of Pseudocardium sachalinense, a commercially important bivalve. This study aimed to... 相似文献
3.
Masaru Sakai Shin‐ichi Suda Taichi Okeda Ryosuke Nomura Izumi Washitani 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2019,29(5):682-692
- Glossy, broad‐leaved, evergreen (lucidophyllous) forests are found mainly in humid subtropical regions of East Asia and are recognized as a biodiverse biome harbouring numerous endemic species. To date, however, few studies have considered the conservation importance of rivers draining these unique environments. In this study, lotic Odonata were used as indicators to examine factors affecting riparian forest–stream linkages in a lucidophyllous forest in south‐western Japan.
- Lotic odonates of 10 species, including seven endemic species, and their habitats were studied along 30 stream reaches with varying environmental characteristics.
- Odonate species richness was greatest in shadier reaches as well as in heterogeneous locations in larger streams. In contrast, larger streams modified by channel enlargement for flood control had few or no odonate species.
- Protecting larger streams with less human impact and streams in dense riparian forest are the best options for conserving lotic odonates and their habitats in this globally unique forest type.
4.
We studied diurnal changes in water conduction during soil dehydration in 37-month-old seedlings of one Virginia pine (Pinus virginiana Mill.) and two loblolly pine (P. taeda L.) sources, one from North Carolina (NC) and the other from the "Lost Pines" areas of Texas (TX), in an environmentally controlled growth chamber. For seedlings of similar biomass, the TX source had higher values of transpiration, needle conductance, and plant hydraulic conductivity under well-watered conditions than the NC source. Under dry soil conditions, the TX source had lower values of water conduction than the NC source. The Virginia pine source responded similarly to the TX source under both well-watered and dry soil conditions. For all three pine sources, gradients between soil and needle water potentials were greatest when the seedlings were moderately stressed. The TX and Virginia pine sources had higher gradients and lower daytime needle water potentials under moderate stress conditions than the NC source. Predawn needle water potentials did not differ among the pine sources. We conclude that the TX and Virginia pine sources have decreased daytime needle water potentials and increased water potential gradients during the daytime under moderate stress conditions, but with no disruption of recovery at predawn. The greater rates of transpiration and water conduction by the TX source compared with the NC source under well-watered conditions suggest a means by which growth can be maximized prior to the onset of drought, thereby enhancing survival of loblolly pines in drought-prone environments. 相似文献
5.
We compared patterns of acorn dispersal and predation by wood mice among four tree species (Quercus serrata, Quercus crispula, Castanea crenata, and Juglans mandshurica var. sieboldiana) that are abundant in cool temperate woodlands. We devised an acorn dispersal experiment using 400 magnet-inserted acorns and a magnetic locator in a 1.8-ha study plot, which spanned a cut-over area and an adjacent deciduous forest. Ten wire mesh baskets, each containing 40 acorns (10 acorns per species), were placed on the border between these two habitat types. About 13.0% (n = 52) of the total acorns remained in the baskets, while 77.3% (n = 309) were dispersed throughout the study plot and subsequently retrieved using the magnetic locator. Microhabitat, distance, and burial depth of transported acorns were significantly different among species. In the cut-over area, J. mandshurica var. sieboldiana acorns were dispersed under fallen trees or branches and near stumps, and were buried deeply in the soil. Dispersal distances of J. mandshurica var. sieboldiana acorns were significantly greater than those of Q. serrata acorns. The number and microhabitat of transported acorns significantly differed between habitat types. J. mandshurica var. sieboldiana acorns were dispersed in the cut-over area rather than in the forest. For all four species, the numbers of acorns delivered to fallen trees or branches, stumps, and crumbled soil with overhang under any vegetation type were greater in the cut-over area than in the forest. 相似文献
6.
Effects of enzymatic deamidation by protein-glutaminase on structure and functional properties of wheat gluten 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Protein-glutaminase (PG) purified from Chryseobacterium proteolyticum was used to investigate its deamidation effects on wheat gluten. Water-insoluble gluten was able to be deamidated to the extent of deamidation degree (DD) 72% in 200 mM sodium phosphate buffer (pH 7) at 40 degrees C for 30 h. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis exhibited an upper shift of gluten bands with only deamidation for 1.5-2.0 h (DD 35-45%) compared to the bands of nondeamidated gluten. Results of Fourier transform infrared analysis revealed alterations in secondary structure of gluten by PG deamidation. The assignment within amide I region showed decreases in both inter- (around 1695 cm(-1)) and intramolecular beta-sheets (around 1680 cm(-1)) by deamidation suggesting the deterioration of the aggregation ability of gluten molecules. Solubility and emulsification properties of gluten at pH 7 were improved by deamidation, while both properties at pH 3 were deteriorated by deamidation. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay identified that allergenicity of deamidated gluten as compared to the nondeamidated cohorts was decreased remarkably as the deamidation time was prolonged. 相似文献
7.
Kishida T Nashiki K Izumi T Ebihara K 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2000,48(9):3872-3875
Mice (4-week-old, male ddy) were fed four isonitrogenic diets for 21 days: purified diet (C diet); fermented soybean (400 mg of soy isoflavonoids/kg; FSB); fermented soybean extract (400 mg of soy isoflavonoid aglycones/kg; FSBE); C with indole-3 carbinol (I3C) (2500 mg of I3C/kg; I3C). The I3C and FSB diets significantly increased the cytochrome P-450 content of hepatic microsomes in comparison with the C diet, while the FSBE diet did not. Other mice were fed seven diets for 21 days: C; C with 100 mg or 200 mg of genistein, 100 mg or 200 mg of daidzein, or 100 mg of genistein + 100 mg of daidzein/kg; I3C diet. Genistein and daidzein did not change the liver cytochrome P-450 content. There was no synergistic effect of the combined feeding of genistein and daidzein. The increase in the cytochrome P-450 content with the FSB diet depends on chemicals other than genistein and daidzein. Genistein and daidzein do not induce cytochrome P-450. 相似文献
8.
Shigeya Maeda Toshihiko Kawachi Koichi Unami Junichiro Takeuchi Tomoki Izumi Syunsuke Chono 《Paddy and Water Environment》2009,7(3):163-175
A fuzzy optimization model is developed to allocate allowable total nitrogen (T-N) loads to distributed nonpoint sources (NPSs)
and point sources (PSs) in a watershed for river water quality management using the linear programing technique. The watershed
is divided into uniform grid cells on which T-N loads issuing from NPSs such as paddy fields, upland crop fields and cities
are controlled. A geographic information system integrated with the digital elevation model facilitates computation of route
lengths of surface and subsurface flows from cells to a river running through the watershed. The T-N loads discharged from
their sources are assumed to decay, subject to distance-related first-order kinetics. As management goals, maximizations of
total allowable NPS loads, total allowable PS loads and total yield of rice are considered from environmental and economic
viewpoints. A prime constraint is an effluent limitation standard for the aggregate amount of loads that arrive at the downstream
end of the river. The fuzzy sets theory helps appropriately describe vague attitudes of decision-makers (i.e., stakeholders
and management authorities) in terms of constraints and conflicting goals. An application of the fuzzy optimization model,
developed as an improvement over our last nonfuzzy model, to a real watershed in Shiga prefecture, Japan, demonstrates that
the fuzzy model embodies our last model, and is capable of creating management alternatives for T-N load allocation in a more
practical and flexible manner. 相似文献
9.
Junichiro Takeuchi Toshihiko Kawachi Koichi Unami Shigeya Maeda Tomoki Izumi 《Paddy and Water Environment》2009,7(1):33-43
A cell-based distributed watershed model is developed which enables us to simulate the hydrological and hydraulic aspects
of the watershed in a refined fashion. With three-zoned cell profiling, the model is composed of three sub-models; tank model
for a surface water zone, soil moisture model for a surface soil zone, and unconfined shallow groundwater flow model for a
subsurface zone. Inclusion of the soil moisture sub-model modified to reroute the infiltration, routed from the tank sub-model,
into the return flow and the groundwater recharge features the model. The groundwater flow sub-model, numerically approximated
by use of the finite volume method and the implicit time-marching scheme, considers a network of on-farm drainage canals as
internal boundaries, which is an essential need for modeling the watershed including farmlands. Cascade-linking of the three
sub-models in a cell and assembling of all the cells over the entire watershed domain provides the global equations system
to be solved. Applicability of the model is demonstrated with its practical application to a real watershed in that paddy
and upland crop fields take great part of the land-use practice. It is then indicated in a quantified manner that rice farming
significantly contribute as a major groundwater recharger in an irrigation period to fostering and conservation of regional
water resources. Along with appropriately profiling a cell, the model is so versatile and tough that it can be applied without
difficulty to a watershed of diverse terrains and land-uses and the computations can stably be carried out. It is thus concluded
that the model presently developed could be a powerful “watershed simulator” to investigate and assess the time-varying hydro-environmental
properties of a watershed while separating and integrating the hydrological and hydraulic components of particular importance. 相似文献
10.
Cytological characteristics of microconidia of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Magnaporthe oryzae</Emphasis>
Izumi Chuma Takeshi Shinogi Naoki Hosogi Ken-ichi Ikeda Hitoshi Nakayashiki Pyoyun Park Yukio Tosa 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2009,75(5):353-358
The inner cellular structure of microconidia of Magnaporthe oryzae was examined using fluorescent probes and electron microscopic techniques. The volume of the nucleus relative to the cell
was significantly larger in microconidia than in macroconidia or vegetative hyphae, similar to observations for spermatia
of other fungi. Selective fluorescent staining revealed that cytosolic RNA was less abundant in microconidia than in macroconidia
and germ tubes, suggesting that general metabolic activity in microconidia is low. Consistently, GFP expression driven by
the TrpC promoter was highly active during the formation of phialides and microconidia but gradually decreased as the microconidia
matured. Such data suggest that microconidia are in a quiescent or dormant state. 相似文献