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排序方式: 共有4474条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Anna Maria Addamo Karen J. Miller Vreni Häussermann Marco Taviani Annie Machordom 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2021,31(1):1-14
- 1. When considering widely distributed marine organisms with low dispersal capabilities, there is often an implication that the distribution of cosmopolitan species is an artefact of taxonomy, constrained by the absence of characters for delimiting either sibling or cryptic species. Few studies have assessed the relationship among populations across the global range of the species' distribution, and the presence of oceanographic barriers that might influence gene flow among populations are underestimated.
- 2. In this study, evolutionary and ecological drivers of connectivity patterns have been inferred among populations of the cold-water coral Desmophyllum dianthus, a common and widespread solitary scleractinian species, whose reproduction strategy and larval dispersal are still poorly unknown.
- 3. The genetic structure of D. dianthus was explored using 30 microsatellites in 347 specimens from 13 localities distributed in the Mediterranean Sea and Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
- 4. Results clearly reveal genetically differentiated populations in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres (FST = 0.16, FSC = 0.01, FCT = 0.15, P-values highly significant), and Chilean and New Zealand populations with independent genetic profiles.
- 5. Marine connectivity patterns at different spatial scales are discussed to characterize larval dispersal and gene flow through the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
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Hilton C Diniz Neto Mayara C Lombardi Mariana M Campos Andrey P Lage Rodrigo O S Silva Elaine Maria Seles Dorneles Camila Flvia A Lage Wanessa A Carvalho Fernanda S Machado Luiz Gustavo R Pereira Thierry R Tomich Carolina P Ramos Ronnie A Assis Francisco Carlos F Lobato Jordana A Santana Ethiene Luiza S Santos Rafaella S Andrade Sandra G Coelho 《Journal of animal science》2021,99(5)
The aim of this study was to identify possible effects of different vaccination strategies (concomitantly or not) against brucellosis and clostridia on intake, performance, feeding behavior, blood parameters, and immune responses of dairy heifers calves. Fifty heifers calves were enrolled [38 Gyr (Zebu, Bos taurus indicus) and 12 5/8 Holstein Gyr]. At 120 d of age, animals were randomly distributed among 3 groups: B (n = 18), vaccinated against brucellosis; C (n = 14), vaccinated against clostridia and CB (n = 18), vaccinated concomitantly for both. Rectal and thermographic temperatures were evaluated on days 1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7,10, 14, and 28 relatives to the vaccination day. Feed and water intake, body weight (BW), and feeding behavior were monitored daily by an electronic feeding system. Blood was sampled on days 0, 3, 7, 14, and 28, relative to the vaccination day for determination of glucose and -hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) concentrations. Blood sampled on day 0 (prevaccination) and on days 28 and 42 were used to evaluate the immune response against Brucella abortus and clostridia. There was an increase in rectal temperature between the first and the third day postvaccination in the 3 groups. The thermography revealed an increase of local temperature for 7 d on groups B and CB. Group C had increased local temperature for a longer period, lasting for up to 14 d. Dry mater intake was reduced for groups B and CB, but no alteration was observed for group C. No alterations regarding initial BW, final BW, average daily weight gain, and feed efficiency were observed. No differences were observed for the 3 vaccination groups for blood parameters throughout the evaluation period. The concomitant vaccination against brucellosis and clostridia led to lower neutralizing antibody titers against epsilon toxin of Clostridium perfringens and botulinum toxin type C of C. botulinum (C > CB > B). When cellular proliferation assay and serological tests to B. abortus were evaluated, no differences were observed between groups B and CB. The present results indicate that the concomitant vaccination against brucellosis and clostridia has no relevant impact on the intake, performance, and feeding behavior of dairy calves. However, the concomitant vaccination of vaccines against these 2 pathogens impacts animal immunity against clostridial infections. 相似文献
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de Oliveira Cristiana Maia do Carmo Margarida Gorete Ferreira Ferreira Leandro Martins Höfte Monica do Amaral Sobrinho Nelson Moura Brasil 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2021,161(2):273-287
European Journal of Plant Pathology - Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL) is one of the main diseases affecting tomato plants. Three races (races 1, 2 and 3) of the... 相似文献
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Yarmeeva Maria M. Kokaeva Lyudmila Y. Chudinova Elena M. Kah Masamba O. Kurchaev Michael L. Zeyruk Vladimir N. Belov Grigoriy L. Bairambekov Shamil B. Elansky Sergey N. 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2021,128(5):1253-1261
Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - A survey of Rhizoctonia solani isolates from potato tubers and stems grown in European and Far Eastern regions of Russia in 2012–2020 was conducted.... 相似文献
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Timofeeva Yana O. Karabtsov Alexander Ushkova Maria Burdukovskii Maxim Semal Victoria 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2021,21(2):1064-1078
Journal of Soils and Sediments - The aim of this study was to characterize the influence of soil contamination on the trace element accumulation in nodules, inter-element relationships inside the... 相似文献
9.
Concetta Maria Messina Simona Manuguerra Rosaria Arena Giuseppe Renda Giovanna Ficano Mariano Randazzo Stefano Fricano Saloua Sadok Andrea Santulli 《Marine drugs》2021,19(4)
Non-edible parts of crustaceans could be a rich source of valuable bioactive compounds such as the carotenoid astaxanthin and peptides, which have well-recognized beneficial effects. These compounds are widely used in nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals, and their market is rapidly growing, suggesting the need to find alternative sources. The aim of this work was to set up a pilot-scale protocol for the reutilization of by-products of processed shrimp, in order to address the utilization of this valuable biomass for nutraceutical and pharmaceuticals application, through the extraction of astaxanthin-enriched oil and antioxidant-rich protein hydrolysates. Astaxanthin (AST) was obtained using “green extraction methods,” such as using fish oil and different fatty acid ethyl esters as solvents and through supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), whereas bioactive peptides were obtained by protease hydrolysis. Both astaxanthin and bioactive peptides exhibited bioactive properties in vitro in cellular model systems, such as antioxidant and angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activities (IA). The results show higher astaxanthin yields in ethyl esters fatty acids (TFA) extraction and significant enrichment by short-path distillation (SPD) up to 114.80 ± 1.23 µg/mL. Peptide fractions of <3 kDa and 3–5 kDa exhibited greater antioxidant activity while the fraction 5–10 kDa exhibited a better ACE-IA. Lower-molecular-weight bioactive peptides and astaxanthin extracted using supercritical fluids showed protective effects against oxidative damage in 142BR and in 3T3 cell lines. These results suggest that “green” extraction methods allow us to obtain high-quality bioactive compounds from large volumes of shrimp waste for nutraceutical and pharmaceutical applications. 相似文献
10.
Vasiliki Markantonatou Sylvaine Giakoumi Nikoletta Koukourouvli Irida Maina Genoveva Gonzalez-Mirelis Maria Sini Kostas Maistrelis Mavra Stithou Eleni Gadolou Dimitra Petza Stefanos Kavadas Vasiliki Vassilopoulou Lene Buhl-Mortensen Stelios Katsanevakis 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2021,31(8):2278-2292
- The expansion and intensification of marine uses have severe cumulative impacts on marine ecosystems and human well-being, unless they are properly managed with an ecosystem-based management approach.
- A systematic conservation planning approach, using marxan with zones , was applied to generate alternative marine spatial plans for the Aegean Sea. Relevant human uses were included and their cumulative impact on a wide set of key biodiversity features was considered in the analysis. Different cost scenarios were developed to gain insight on the effects of the approaches used to assess socio-economic factors, and their potential impact on spatial plans.
- The spatial plans generated differed greatly depending on the method used to estimate opportunity costs and evaluate human activities in monetary terms.
- The vulnerability weights (the relative vulnerability of ecological features to specific human activities and their impacts) that were estimated based on a cumulative impact assessment, allowed the assessment of each zone in contributing to the achievement of conservation targets, through a transparent planning approach.
- Results indicate that special care should be given to how socio-economic activities, their impact on the ecosystems, and related costs are incorporated into planning.
- The proposed approach demonstrates how EU member states may effectively comply with the new Biodiversity Strategy 2030 targets, while planning for the sustainable use of their marine resources.