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排序方式: 共有504条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Mahmoud A. O. Dawood Shunsuke Koshio Manabu Ishikawa Mabrouk El-Sabagh Saichiro Yokoyama Wei-Long Wang Zhang Yukun Adissin Olivier 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2017,43(1):179-192
Environmental stressors caused by inadequate aquaculture management strategies suppress the immune response of fish and make them more susceptible to diseases. Therefore, efforts have been made to relieve stress in fish by using various functional feed additives in the diet, including probiotics. The present work evaluates the effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LR) on physiological stress response, blood chemistry and mucus secretion of red sea bream (Pagrus major) under low salinity stress. Fish were fed four diets supplemented with LR at [0 (LR0), 1 × 102 (LR1), 1 × 104 (LR2) and 1 × 106 (LR3) cells g?1] for 56 days. Before stress, blood cortisol, urea nitrogen (BUN) and total bilirubin (T-BIL) showed no significant difference (P > 0.05), whereas plasma glucose and triglyceride (TG) of fish-fed LR2 and LR3 diets were significantly lower (P < 0.05) than those of the other groups. Plasma total cholesterol (T-CHO) of fish-fed LR3 diet was significantly (P < 0.05) lower than that of the other groups. Furthermore, total plasma protein, mucus myeloperoxidase activity and the amount of mucus secretion were significantly enhanced in LR-supplemented groups when compared with the control group (P < 0.05). After the application of the low salinity stress test, plasma cortisol, glucose, T-CHO and TG contents in all groups showed an increased trend significantly (P < 0.01) compared to the fish before the stress challenge. However, plasma total protein and the amount of secreted mucus showed a decreased trend in all groups. On the other hand, BUN, T-BIL and mucus myeloperoxidase activity showed no significant difference after exposure to the low salinity stress (P > 0.05). In addition, the fish that received LR-supplemented diets showed significantly higher tolerance against low salinity stress than the fish-fed LR-free diet (P < 0.05). The physiological status and the detected immune responses, including total plasma protein and mucus myeloperoxidase activity in red sea bream, will provide a more comprehensive outlook of the effects of probiotics to relieve stress in fish. 相似文献
2.
Tsukasa OKANO Katsuhi NAKATA Yumiko NAKAYA Takashi NAGAMINE Manabu ONUMA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(6):637-642
The Ryukyu long-furred rat, Diplothrix legata, is a large rodent
distributed only on Amami-ohshima Island, Tokuno-shima Island and Okinawa-jima Island,
Japan. This animal is endangered as a result of deforestation, predation by introduced
carnivores and mortality caused by vehicles. We performed theriogenological examinations
of 32 male and 25 female Ryukyu long-furred rats carcasses collected from wild populations
on northern Okinawa-jima Island from December 2005 to September 2013. Adult males had
remarkably large preputial glands. Seminiferous diameter of adult was significantly small
(136 ± 28 µm, n=8) from April to August. Numerous spermatozoa were
observed from September through February, and seminiferous diameter was significantly
large (216 ± 27 µm, n=12) during this time in adults; testes length
changed in a similar pattern. These findings indicate that the mating season may occur
from September through February. Size (body length) at sexual maturity was estimated to be
>560 mm in both sexes. From observation of corpora lutea and placental scars, litter
size was estimated to range from 2 to 12 (average=6, n=4). These results provide
fundamental knowledge that will be beneficial for in situ and ex
situ conservation of this rare species. 相似文献
3.
Japanese red pine (Pinus densiflora) seedlings taken from a nursery were grown in liquid culture with all roots entirely submerged in water. The aims of the present study were to observe the reactions of preformed ectomycorrhizae to liquid culture and to examine new infections by ectomycorrhizal fungi on newly formed root tips in liquid culture. Inoculation levels were controlled by trimming the ectomycorrhizal roots to one of three selected root lengths. The results showed that the mantles of pre-formed ectomycorrhizae were lost during the 8 weeks of the liquid culture and that these preformed root tips became blackish and wrinkled, but Hartig nets remained in these blackish root tips. On the newly formed lateral root tips, no ectomycorrhizal mantles were formed, although Hartig nets were found. In addition, the level of inoculum did not affect the frequency of Hartig nets in newly formed root tips, suggesting that the density of inoculum was more important than the amount of inoculum for new infection. In conclusion, ectomycorrhizal fungi endured and infected new roots while submerged; however, only Hartig nets were formed and not mantles. 相似文献
4.
Koji?HayashiEmail author Masaharu?Ohmi Hiroshi?Tominaga Kiyoharu?Fukuda 《Journal of Wood Science》2003,49(5):398-404
We investigated the bending properties of composite boards produced by reinforcing both sides of corrugated particleboard with medium-density fiberboard (MDF). Thickness swelling and linear expansion (LE) were measured to assess the dimensional stabilities of the composite board. Although the apparent density of the composite board was 0.48g/cm3, its strength was found to be equivalent to that of 18-type particleboard as described in JIS A 5908. The boards parallel/perpendicular anisotropy in strength was 0.9. The modulus of rupture (MOR) of the composite board increased with board density only up to a certain density, beyond which the MOR was constant. On the other hand, the thickness swelling of both corrugated particleboard and the composite board was smaller than that of flat-type particleboard, satisfying the JIS A 5908 standard of 12%. Linear expansion (soaking in water of ordinary temperature for 24h) of corrugated particleboard was 0.7%–0.9% in the parallel direction and 2.1%–3.1% in the perpendicular direction; hence, anisotropy in linear expansion existed in the corrugated particleboard. The linear expansion of the composite board was 0.6%–0.9% in the parallel direction and 1.8%–2.5% in the perpendicular direction. Although the LE of the composite board was lower than that of corrugated particleboard, it is necessary to improve the LE of composite board for practical use. 相似文献
5.
Masashi Ando Manabu Seoka Yoshio Mukai Mok Wen Jye Shigeru Miyashita Yasuyuki Tsukamasa 《Aquaculture Research》2011,42(4):516-524
Tuna muscle often contains high levels of mercury, and fish samples with mercury concentrations ten times higher than the specified safety standards have been reported. Here, we report on the relationship between water temperature and the concentration of mercury in the tail muscle tissue of cultured bluefin tuna Thunnus orientalis. The fish used in this study were cultured at Fisheries Laboratory of Kinki University (Amami Experimental Station, Kagoshima, Japan). One hundred fish weighing 26.2–89.4 kg were selected for analysis between February 2007 and January 2008. Water temperature during rearing ranged from 21 to 29 °C. The total mercury levels were measured using the reduction vaporizing atomic absorption method after acid digestion. Body weight increased approximately 1.5 times that observed in a previous study, despite feeding activity either being the same or less than that observed previously. The average mercury concentration in white muscle was 0.353 mg kg?1, remaining almost constant and independent of body growth. Unlike previous studies, seasonality was not observed in this study. Based on these findings, water temperatures within a certain range were considered to stabilize feeding activity and increase feeding efficiency. Consequently, water temperature is considered to have a moderating effect on seasonal fluctuations in muscle mercury concentrations in cultured bluefin tuna. 相似文献
6.
Plant regeneration was achieved through anther culture of three wild species of Hordeum (H. murinum, H. marinum and H, bulbosum). Calli or embryoids were formed from microspores in anthers cultured on a medium containing 6-benzylammopurine (BAP) and ficoll. These calli or embryoids regenerated green or albino shoots and roots after transfer to regeneration media. Green plantlets which developed on regeneration media were transferred to soil where they showed further growth. 相似文献
7.
Eric G. Mworia Takashi Yoshikawa Naoki Yokotani Tetsuo Fukuda Katsuhiko Suezawa Koichiro Ushijima Ryohei Nakano Yasutaka Kubo 《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2010,55(2):108-113
Ethylene biosynthesis in kiwifruit, Actinidia chinensis ‘Sanuki Gold’ was characterized using propylene, an ethylene analog, and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), an inhibitor of ethylene perception. In fruit harvested between a young stage (66 days after pollination) (DAP) and an early commercial harvesting stage (143 DAP), 2 days of exposure to propylene were sufficient to initiate ethylene biosynthesis while in fruit harvested at commercial harvesting stage (154 DAP), 4 days of propylene treatment were required. This observation suggests that response of ethylene biosynthesis to propylene treatment in kiwifruit declined with fruit maturity. Propylene treatment resulted in up-regulated expression of AC-ACO1, AC-ACO2, AC-SAM1 and AC-SAM2, prior to the induction of AC-ACS1 and ethylene production, confirming that AC-ACS1 is the rate limiting step in ethylene biosynthesis in kiwifruit. Treatment of fruit with more than 5 μL L?1 of 1-MCP after the induction of ethylene production subsequently suppressed ethylene production and expression of ethylene biosynthesis genes. Treatment of fruit with 1-MCP at harvest followed with propylene treatment delayed the induction of ethylene production and AC-ACS1 expression for 5 days. These observations suggest that in ripening kiwifruit, ethylene biosynthesis is regulated by positive feedback mechanism and that 1-MCP treatment at harvest effectively delays ethylene production by 5 days. 相似文献
8.
Md. Abdul Kader Shunsuke Koshio Manabu Ishikawa Saichiro Yokoyama Mahbuba Bulbul Yuki Honda Roger Edward Mamauag Asda Laining 《Fisheries Science》2011,77(1):119-128
A feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of fermented soybean meal and scallop by-product blend (3:2) (FP) on
the performance of juvenile red sea bream. Five isocaloric diets were prepared by replacing 0% (FP0), 15% (FP15), 30% (FP30),
45% (FP45), and 60% (FP60) fishmeal (FM) protein with FP, respectively. Triplicate groups of fish (initial mean weight 2.83 g)
were fed the test diets for 45 days in a flowthrough seawater system. The results demonstrated that growth rates of fish fed
FP0, FP15, and FP30 were similar, and significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those of FP45 and FP60. Nutrient utilization was significantly lower in FP60, with no differences found among
the other groups. Dietary heavy-metal contents were affected by inclusion of FP, impacting on whole-body heavy-metal contents.
In terms of oxidative stress, fish fed the FP30 diet were in the best condition, since this fish group showed the least oxidative-stressed
condition as well as the highest tolerance against oxidation. In conclusion, the approach of utilizing this fermented mixture
is promising and it could replace at least 30% FM protein in red sea bream diet without negative effects on performance, body
composition or health of fish. 相似文献
9.
10.
Tongjun Ren Shunsuke Koshio Orhan Uyan Connie Fay Komilus Saichiro Yokoyama Manabu Ishikawa Md Kadel Abdul 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2008,39(6):797-803
A trial was conducted to determine the effect of ascorbyl‐2‐monophosphate Na/Ca (AMP‐Na/Ca) on blood chemistry and nonspecific immune response of red sea bream juveniles. Test diets with three levels of AsA (free, 107, and 325 mg/kg diet) were fed to juvenile red sea bream (36.0 ± 1.3 g) two times a day for 3 wk. There were no significant differences in hematocrit, glucose, and blood urea nitrogen. Total cholesterol and triglyceride in plasma of fish fed AsA‐free diet was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that of fish fed two other diets. There were no significant differences in serum albumin, total bilirubin, and total serum protein. Glutamyl oxaloacetic transaminase in serum of fish fed diets containing 107 and 325 mg of AsA were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than that of fish fed AsA‐free diet. Serum lysozyme activity (LA) of fish fed diets containing 107 and 325 mg of AsA were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that of fish fed AsA‐free diet. There was no significant difference in mucus LA. The results mentioned above demonstrated that AMP‐Na/Ca is a bioavailable AsA source for red sea bream juveniles. Supplement of more than 107 mg AsA/kg in diets improved blood chemistry and nonspecific immune function of red sea bream juveniles. 相似文献