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1.
The effects of diet supplemented with Lactobacillus rhamnosus on tissue parameters of rainbow trout,Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) 下载免费PDF全文
Natalija Topic Popovic Ivancica Strunjak‐Perovic Roberta Sauerborn‐Klobucar Josip Barisic Margita Jadan Snjezana Kazazic Inga Kesner‐Koren Andreja Prevendar Crnic Jelena Suran Blanka Beer Ljubic Vesna Matijatko Rozelindra Coz‐Rakovac 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(5):2388-2401
This study was carried out to establish the effects of a 6 week treatment with the diet supplemented with L. rhamnosus in concentrations of 107 CFU g?1 (G1 group) and 108 CFU g?1 (G2 group) on the condition expressed by condition factors (Fulton's, Clark's and B), intestinal microbiology, haematological, histological and selected antioxidative parameters of rainbow trout. A significantly higher condition factors were found in G1 group indicating that higher concentration of probiotic (108 CFU g?1) did not result in the better condition. Cholesterol and urea levels were significantly higher in both G1 and G2 groups, albumin in G1 and creatinine in G2 group with respect to control. A significantly higher liver TBARS level was observed in G2 group. The feeding with supplemented probiont apparently changed the resident microbiota. Three weeks after withdrawal of the supplemented feed, the microflora mostly reverted to the control composition, although L. rhamnosus in faecal matter of fish remained inherent. The epithelial structure of the proximal and distal intestine revealed the increased absorptive area in both treated groups, as well as the increase in the mucin‐secreting goblet cells. The L. rhamnosus‐treated groups demonstrated the capacity for the augmentation of the innate host defence. 相似文献
2.
Ai Y Medic J Jiang H Wang D Jane JL 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(13):7385-7392
This study aimed to characterize and compare the chemical structures, physical properties, and enzymatic hydrolysis rates of five sorghum starches (6B73, 6C21, 6C69, 7R34, and X789) with that of corn starch (B73). Sorghum kernels consisted of 68.7-70.6% starch, more than the B73 corn (67.4%). Sorghum starches displayed higher gelatinization temperatures (66.6-67.4 °C), greater gelatinization enthalpy changes (13.0-14.0 J/g), and greater percentages of retrogradation (60.7-69.1%), but slower enzymatic hydrolysis rates (83.8-87.8% at 48 h) than the B73 corn starch (61.7 °C, 10.1 J/g, 51.5%, and 88.5%, respectively). These differences could result from the sorghum amylopectins consisting of fewer short branch chains (DP 6-12) (12.8-14.0%) than the corn amylopectin (15.0%). The sorghum starches showed greater peak and breakdown viscosities but lower setback viscosities than the B73 corn starch, resulting from the lower amylose content of the sorghum starches. After 96 h of fermentation, most ground sorghums exhibited lower ethanol yields (30.5-31.8%) than the ground B73 corn (31.8%). 相似文献
3.
Slađana Č. Alagić Snežana B. Tošić Mile D. Dimitrijević Jelena V. Petrović Dragana V. Medić 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2016,47(17):2034-2045
Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, in combination with calculation of various biological factors, was used in this study not only for a simple illustration of the present status of some essential and non-essential metals such as copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), arsenic (As), and cadmium (Cd) in the grapevine cultivar Rkatsiteli and wild blackberry from East Serbia but also for the estimation of plant bioaccumulation potentials. Great majority of detected metal concentrations were in normal ranges except in few cases: Zn concentrations were at the level of deficiency in almost all plant parts, and some Cu and As concentrations were at the levels that could be considered phytotoxic. Biological accumulation factors provided very informative data on metal accumulation and translocation in both plants and pointed to low accumulation rates of metals except in the case of Cu, Zn, and As in some wild blackberry tissues. 相似文献
4.
Le TT Miocinovic J Nguyen TM Rombaut R van Camp J Dewettinck K 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(19):10407-10413
A normal-phase high-performance liquid chromatography-evaporative light-scattering detector method employing dichloromethane, methanol, and acetic acid/triethylamine buffer as the mobile phase was developed for analysis of polar lipids (PLs). This method was applicable for analysis of PLs from both dairy materials and soy lecithin. All of the PLs of interest such as glycolipids, phospholipids, and sphingomyelin were well separated with a total run time of 22.5 min and without necessitating the removal of neutral lipids beforehand. Peak retention times were stable, and the method was reproducible. In this study, a modified method of using solvents for extraction of PLs from dairy matrices was also investigated. The modified method offered higher extraction efficiency, consumed less time, and in some cases saved solvent use. 相似文献
5.
Beata Irena Cejko Ákos Horváth Timea Kollár Eszter Kása Jelena Lujić Zoran Marinović Béla Urbányi Radosław Kajetan Kowalski 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2018,44(6):1435-1442
The effect of sodium and potassium concentrations as well as optimal pH on the motility of common carp Cyprinus carpio L. sperm during short-term storage in artificial seminal plasma (ASP) was investigated. Sperm was collected from individual males (n?=?5) and each sample diluted tenfold (1:9) in ASP (sperm:extender) containing 2 mM CaCl2, 1 mM Mg2SO4 and 20 mM Tris at pH 8.0 and supplemented by the following concentrations of sodium and potassium (mM/mM): 0/150, 20/130, 40/110, 75/75, 110/40, 130/20 and 150/0. The osmolality of all ASP variants was set at 310 mOsm kg?1. Sperm motility was measured using a CASA system during 72 h of storage. Immediately after dilution, sperm motility was high (90%) both in each variant and in the control group (fresh sperm). After 72-h storage, the highest sperm motility was noted in ASP containing 110 mM NaCl and 40 mM KCl. No differences were found in the motility of samples preserved within the pH range of 7.0–9.0. Our data suggest that for the short-term storage of common carp sperm, whereas the pH of the solution does not play a crucial role, a specific potassium concentration of around 40 mM is required. 相似文献
6.
Plavec Jelena Križanac Ivana Budinšćak Željko Škorić Dijana Musić Martina Šeruga 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2015,142(3):591-601
European Journal of Plant Pathology - Uncultivable bacteria from the genus ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma’ are associated with grapevine yellows (GY) diseases worldwide. In Euro-Mediterranean... 相似文献
7.
Jelena Petrović Snežana Dragović Ranko Dragović Milan Đorđević Mrđan Đokić Mirjana Ćujić 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2016,16(4):1168-1175
Purpose
The area of southeastern Serbia, the P?inja and South Morava River Basins, is under the influence of very strong erosion, and the aim of this study was to investigate the vertical and spatial distribution of the 137Cs in the eroded soils of this area.Materials and methods
Vertical soil profiles were collected with 5-cm increments from the uppermost layer down to 20, 25, 30, 40, and 50 cm of depth, depending on the thickness of the soil layers, i.e., down to the underlying parent rocks. Measurements of 137Cs activity concentration were performed by using the HPGe gamma-ray spectrometer ORTEC-AMETEK (34 % relative efficiency and high resolution 1.65 keV at 1.33 MeV for 60Co), from its gamma-ray line at 661.2 keV.Results and discussion
The mean 137Cs activity concentration across all 18 soil profiles (for all soil layers) was found to be 20 Bq kg?1. In the greatest number of soil profiles, the 137Cs activity concentration was generally highest in the first soil layer (0–5 cm) and decreased with soil depth, while in a few soil profiles, the peak of either the 137Cs activity concentration occurred in the second soil layer (5–10 cm) or the 137Cs activity concentration was almost equal throughout the entire soil profile. The mean 137Cs activity concentration in the first soil layer (0–5 cm) was found to be 61 Bq kg?1, and the high coefficient of variation of 92 % pointed out high spatial variability and large range of the 137Cs activity concentrations in the study area.Conclusions
The obtained results indicate that in the greatest number of soil profiles, 137Cs is present in the upper layers, with concentration decreasing with depth, as is typical in uncultivated soil. Its spatial distribution was very uneven among the surface soil layers of the investigated sites. One of the main reasons for such pattern of 137Cs in the study area may be soil erosion. Additional investigations which would support this hypothesis are required.8.
Skrbić B Durisić-Mladenović N Cvejanov J 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(6):2171-2175
Trace elements (Cu, Fe, Pb, Hg, Cd, As, Mn, Zn) were analyzed quantitatively in 14 wheat samples collected from fields in all Serbian growing regions, harvested in 2002. Microelements were determined according to an atomic absorption spectrophotometric method. Principal component analyses (PCA) were performed on data matrices consisting of contents of trace elements in wheats (columns) and all Serbian wheat-growing regions (rows). It was found that four principal components account for 87.2% of the total variance in the data. The plot of component loadings showed significant groupings for concentration of some microelements. The component scores indicated the similarities among the Serbian wheat-growing regions. The loading plot reveals that there is no need to measure all of the variables to achieve the same classification. It is enough to measure one variable per group. Naturally, this conclusion is valid only within the limits of the present study of wheat grain samples from different parts of Serbia. 相似文献
9.
Daria Juretic Jelena Puric Hrvoje Kusic Vedrana Marin Ana Loncaric Bozic 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2014,225(10):1-18
The influence of structure on degradation of five halogenated phenols (XPs) by UV/H2O2 process was investigated. The combined influence of type or number of substituents and UV/H2O2 process parameters (pH and [H2O2]) on the degradation kinetics of 2-fluorophenol (2-FP), 2-chlorophenol (2-CP), 2-bromophenol (2-BP), 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP), and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP) was studied using modified miscellaneous 33 full factorial design and response surface modeling (RSM). Studied XPs obey first-order degradation kinetics within the investigated range of process parameters. Determined degradation rate constants (k obs) were correlated with process and structural parameters by the quadratic polynomial models. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) demonstrated RSM models’ accuracy and showed that, in addition to pH and [H2O2], model terms related with the pollutant structure are highly influential. k obs of mono-XPs follow the decreasing order 2-FP, 2-CP, and 2-BP, while CPs follow the decreasing order 2-CP, 2,4-DCP, and 2,4,6-TCP. Biodegradability (biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)5/chemical oxygen demand (COD)) and toxicity (TU) were evaluated prior to the treatment and at the reference time intervals. The observed differences are correlated with the structural characteristics of studied XPs. 相似文献
10.
Hilma Peusha Tamara Enno Irena Jakobson Jelena Tsotildembalova Anne Ingver 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2013,63(4):289-296
Abstract A group of spring wheat cultivars originating from Sweden, Finland, Norway, Germany, and the Netherlands was analysed for powdery mildew resistance. Using functional molecular markers, two alleles of the major resistance gene Pm3 were detected among the cultivars under the study. One of the alleles, Pm3d, was detected in the resistant cultivars ‘Vinjett’, ‘SW Estrad’, and ‘Zebra’, and in ‘Tjalve’, a cultivar of earlier release susceptible to the local population of powdery mildew. The second allele of Pm3 detected in the analysed group of cultivars was the allele Pm3f, rarely used in Europe. It was identified in the resistant cultivars ‘Satu’, ‘Helle’, and in the moderatively resistant cultivar ‘Mahti’. Pm3f was found to be effective against the local population of powdery mildew in Estonia, while Pm3d provided no protective effect. Besides the Pm3d allele on chromosome 1A, monosomic analysis of the cultivar ‘Vinjett’,which is almost immune to powdery mildew, identified two additional loci on chromosomes 5D and 7D, respectively, presumably responsible for the high resistance in this cultivar. In contrast to the earlier cultivars, six recently released cultivars (‘Vinjett’, ‘SW Estrad’, ‘Zebra’, ‘Satu’, ‘Helle’, ‘Meri’) demonstrated a high resistance to the powdery mildew fungus Blumeria graminis DC. f. sp. tritici both in the field and seedling tests, showing that the genetic basis of powdery mildew resistance in Nordic spring wheat has been improved noticeably in the last ten years. 相似文献