酒糟粉替代麸皮饲喂生长肥育猪的研究

<正> 本研究旨在探讨生长肥育猪日粮中不同梯度酒糟粉等量替代麸皮的饲养效果。 1.材料与方法 1.1 试猪选择及分组选70～75日龄健康无病、胎次相同、体重相近、已去势的长白×定远杂交猪35头,根据性别、体重等情况均分成5组,即对照组和4个试验组。各组平均重差异不显著(P>0.05)。 1.2 试验日粮按照生长肥育猪的饲养标准要求,立足当地饲料资源,设计出麸皮用量占25％的对照组日粮配方,在此基础上,试验1、2、3、4组分别以25％、20％、15％、10％的酒     

Effects of arrangement of surge-rootirrigation emitters on growth,yield andwater use efficiency of apple trees

Six-year old apple trees were selected for field experiment. The objective of this study was to obtain the reasonable arrangement of surge-root irrigation emitters in apple orchards. There were three factors: the buried depth H( 25,40,55 cm),the horizontal distance L( 30,40,60 cm) between the emitters and the trunk of the experimental tree,and the number of the irrigation emitters N( 1,2,4). The effect of the arrangement of surge-root irrigation emitters on the growth,yield and irrigation water use efficiency( IWUE) of apple trees were studied in Northern Shaanxi where the irrigation quota takes 60%-75% of the field water capacity. The results showed that the arrangement of emitters for surge-root irrigation had a significant effect on apple tree yield and IWUE,especially,the yield and IWUE reached 28 388. 17 kg/hm2 and 16. 83 kg/m3 in treatment T3,respectively. At the same L and N levels( T1,T2,and T3),the yield and IWUE in treatment T3 were the highest,and the yields in treatments T1 and T2 were decreased by 26.22% and 31.48%,while IWUE is reduced by14.02% and 18.12% compared with T3,respectively. At the same H and N levels( T3,T4,and T5),the yield and IWUE of apple trees were decreased with increasing L level. Especially,when L was 30 cm( T3),the yield and IWUE were the highest. The same L and H levels( T3,T6,and T7) could promote the growth of apple trees when N was 2( T3). Compared with treatment T3,it was found that the increment of new shoots was decreased by 8.07%-18.71%,and the fruit diameter was decreased by 5.41%-9.11%. Therefore,two emitters should be arranged symmetrically on both sides of an apple tree,each was buried at a 40 cm depth and 30 cm away from the trunk of the tree to effectively improve the yield and IWUE of the apple tree in mountainous areas in Northern Shaanxi.     

中国农业科研投资效益及其利益分配

一、背景自80年代中期以来，我国政府对农业科研的投资（扣除物价增长）出现了下降趋势。1996年的政府农业科研投资强度仅为0.20％，远不及发达国家平均数的1／10，且低于30个最低收入国家在80年代政府对农业科研投资强度简单平均数的1／3，既使加上科研单位的创收在内，农业科研的总投入强度（0．38）仅为30个最低收入国家政府农业科研投资强度的一半。这里值得指出的是，我国是一个以占世界7％的耕地养活占世界20％以上人口的大国，农业生产增长主要依靠农业生产力和单位耕地面积产量的提高，这意味着科技进步在农业生产增长中的作用十分…     

Effects of Interaction of Soil Moisture and Organic Matter on Powdery Mildew Disease and Growth of Heracleum moellendorffii Hance

Taking annual Heracl'eum moellendorffii Hance as the material, this research studied the epidemic dynamics of H. moellendorffii Hance powdery mildew and plant growth by using the interactive methods of soil moisture and soil organic matter. The results showed that the interaction of higher soil moisture content (60％-80％) and soil organic matter content (75-100 g · kg-1) had few diseases, dosease index and area under disease progression curve (AUDPC) compared with those of other treatments, thus could effectivley control powdery mildew disease. Moreover, higher soil moisture and organic matter content increased the yield, contents of soluble sugar, soluble protein, vitamin C and coumarin in H. moellendorffii Hance.     

池养倒刺Ba的人工繁殖和胚胎发育

倒刺（Spinibarbusdenticulatus），又名青竹鲤、竹柏鲤，是珠江水系著名的经济鱼类，分类上属于鲤形目、鲤科、亚科、倒刺属。倒刺个体大，生长快，肉质鲜美；是一种很有推广价值的优良养殖鱼类。由于江河水质污染，加上人为滥捕，致使天然资源日渐衰退。要解决养殖种苗的困难就必须开展人工繁殖技术研究。现将结果综合报道如下。１亲鱼来源及其培育亲鱼来源于本单位鱼塘，从１９９７年起，收集规格为２０～５０克的倒刺鱼种放入鱼塘培育，采取与其他种类混养形式，经３～４年饲养，亲鱼逐渐性成熟。亲鱼培育对人工繁殖是否成功尤为关键，…     

中国西部地区退化草地恢复与重建

草地是我国西部地区的主要地被景观类型之一 ,它既是一种生产资料 ,又是发展畜牧业的基础 ;同时作为地带性植被 ,尚具有不可替代的生态屏障功能 ,对维持区域性生命支持系统的稳定具有重要作用。而严酷的自然气候条件 ,敏感的人地关系 ,铸就了我国西部地区脆弱的生态环境。本世纪以来 ,随着人口压力的不断增大 ,加之现代工、农业文明的冲击 ,该区域的生态环境正遭受着前所未有的破坏 ,江河断流、沙漠扩展、水土流失、沙尘暴肆虐 ,尤其是草地“三化”十分严重 ,已制约了该地区农牧业的可持续发展。目前我国正在实施西部开发战略 ,全面推行退耕…