东北地区野生藤本植物区系分析

东北地区野生藤本植物共有143种,隶属于63属33科。成分特点为双子叶植物科属种最多;小型科属和单种科属较多,而大型科属较少;草本植物占优势。区系成分分析表明:泛热带成分(热带广布)、世界广布成分、北温带成分占总属数55.6%,是本区藤本植物区系的重要组成部分。各类温带成分占83.91%,而热带成分占6.99%,表明藤本植物区系成分为暖温带性质。     

植物基因启动子的克隆方法及其应用

植物基因的表达调控已成为分子生物学研究热点,启动子是基因表达调控的重要顺式元件,启动子的克隆对于研究基因表达调控、构建基因工程载体、表达目的蛋白有着重要的意义。启动子克隆的方法很多,从常用的启动子陷阱技术筛选启动子到PCR方法的应用,此后相继问世的一些基于PCR的克隆启动子技术,如载体锚定PCR、反向PCR、接头PCR、交错热不对称PCR等,为克隆启动子提供了更可靠,更合理的方法。本文着重介绍了几种植物基因启动子的克隆方法,分析了它们的优缺点,并展望了今后的研究前景。     

海湾扇贝面盘幼虫“面盘解体病”病原的研究

对大连地区患"面盘解体病"的海湾扇贝(Argopecten irradians)面盘幼虫进行电镜观察,并对健康海湾扇贝幼虫进行人工感染实验.患该病面盘幼虫病症为:下沉,组织解离,游泳器官面盘解体,经过一段时间后全部死亡.对发病面盘幼虫进行超薄切片电镜观察发现,该病原病毒主要侵染面盘幼虫的结缔组织细胞和上皮细胞,病毒呈六角形或近圆形,未成熟病毒颗粒直径为84～90 nm,病毒颗粒形态不一,大致有4种与所报道的鸡马立克氏病毒(Marek's disease herpes virus)和火鸡疱疹病毒(Turkey herpes virus)相似,即致密拟核型、中空型、十字型和双环型.从形态学上进行鉴定,认为该病毒属于疱疹样病毒(Similar herpesvirus).人工感染实验显示,在感染病毒后100 h,有30%幼虫出现"面盘解体"病状;感染148 h,幼虫全部死亡(水温22～24 ℃).根据实验结果推断,病毒的传播途径包括垂直传递和水平传播.     

两种载体生物膜中异养细菌数量动态及其氨化作用

用微生物学方法测定了淹没式生物滤器中两种载体生物膜形成过程中异养细菌数量动态及熟化后细菌的氨化作用。结果表明,载体生物膜形成过程中,异养细菌呈逐渐减少的趋势,生物滤器运行前期异养细菌数量高(107～108CFU/g),随着时间的推移逐渐减少(105～106CFU/g);沸石载体生物膜细菌的氨化速率前24h平均为17 45μg/(cm3·h)和26μg/(g·h),无纺布载体生物膜细菌的氨化速率前24h平均为17 41μg/(cm3·h)和59 9μg/(g·h)。     

一些关于广义伴随Stirling数的恒等式

利用发生函数的方法,给出了关于(广义的)伴随Stirling数以及(广义的)高阶Bernoulli数的一些恒等式.     

基于MODIS/EVI时间序列数据分析冰冻灾害对植被绿叶始期的影响(英文)

In the field of global changes, the relationship between plant phenology and climate, which reflects the response of terrestrial ecosystem to global climate change, has become a key subject that is highly concerned. Using the moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS)/enhanced vegetation index(EVI) collected every eight days during January- July from 2005 to 2008 and the corresponding remote sensing data as experimental materials, we constructed cloud-free images via the Harmonic analysis of time series (HANTS). The cloud-free images were then treated by dynamic threshold method for obtaining the vegetation phenology in green up period and its distribution pattern. And the distribution pattern between freezing disaster year and normal year were comparatively analyzed for revealing the effect of freezing disaster on vegetation phenology in experimental plot. The result showed that the treated EVI data performed well in monitoring the effect of freezing disaster on vegetation phenology, accurately reflecting the regions suffered from freezing disaster. This result suggests that processing of remote sensing data using HANTS method could well monitor the ecological characteristics of vegetation.     

我国城市绿色指标的研究

文章在对国内外绿化指标、我国城市绿化现状,以及现有绿化指标体系等方面综合分析的基础上,提出我国城市绿化指标应进一步完善。       

大连海区潮间带海藻附生真菌的抗微生物活性

于2002、2003年从大连黑石礁海区潮间带采到的鼠尾藻Sargassum thunbergii、礁膜Monostroma sp．、石莼Ulua lactuca等10种海藻表面分离得到99株真菌,用7种细菌和3种真菌作指示菌,对分离菌株进行抗菌活性检测,获得拮抗真菌31株,占总测试菌株的31．3％。不同时间、不同海藻拮抗真菌的分离比例差异很大。拮抗真菌的抗细菌比例高于抗真菌比例,且对海洋细菌和陆生细菌均有作用,3株拮抗真菌可抑制对虾黑鳃病病原菌(尖孢镰刀菌Fusarium oxysporum)。22株拮抗真菌属于青霉属。     

温度和体重对双齿围沙蚕呼吸和排泄的影响

研究了不同温度和体重对双齿围沙蚕PerinereisaibuhitensisGrube呼吸和排泄的影响。试验设置7个温度梯度(10、12、16、20、24、27、29℃),沙蚕按体重分成S、M、L3组,平均体重分别为(0 40±0 19)、(1 00±0 22)、(2 00±0 50)g。结果表明:1)在10～27℃下,不同体重的沙蚕耗氧率均随温度的升高而增加,但当温度达到29℃时,各体重组的沙蚕耗氧率均明显下降;耗氧率(R)与体重(W)呈负幂函数关系R=aWb-1,其中a值为0 1182～0 3894,b值为-0 3672～-0 5971;2)体重和温度对耗氧率交互作用的方程式为R=0 01993+0 04323T-0 07663WT(F=5 85,P=0 01);3)方差分析表明,温度对排氨率的影响显著(F=3 651,P<0 05),体重对排氨率的影响未见显著。     

湿沉降氮对2种禾本科植物中氮含量的影响(英文)

[Objective] It was to study nitrogen use efficiency under the condition of deposition of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), further revealing the difference in gene variation.[Method] A pot experiment was conducted under 3 treatments of rainwater, ammonium-N (aN) and nitrate-N (nN).[Result] In the treatments of aN and nN, the biomass and N contents in plants were obviously higher than those in rainwater treatment, while the largest biomass(36.116 g) was observed in nN treatment. The absorption to aN was best to perennial ryegrass while nN to barley. According to the differential analysis of N content, treatments of both aN and nN was nitrogen superfluous, which led to release excessive N to the atmosphere, and the rainwater treatment and the control were N deficient, the largest N absorption from atmosphere was 0.698 g in rainwater treatment.[Conclusion] Average N use efficiency contributed by atmosphere N deposition ranged from 1.321%-6.116%, while the control of barley had the highest of 6.116%.