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排序方式: 共有38条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
 用散布性重复序列MGR586探针与EcoRI组合,分析广东省稻区的112个稻瘟病菌株(M.grisea)的限制性片段长度多态性(RFLPs),根据带型相似性大于80%为度划分为15个遗传宗谱(genetic lineage)。这些在分子水平上划分的宗谱与寄主品种的遗传背景关系密切。由于广东省(包括华南稻区)大多数育成的常规稻品种和杂交稻组合在遗传背景上与GDL1及GDL2两个优势病菌宗谱寄主具有相似的共进化同缘宗亲关系,致使品种的抗性水平不高,抗性周期短暂。从而提出了选择异源供体,开展多元化育种的方向及途径。  相似文献   
2.
章琦  苗东华 《作物学报》1986,12(4):241-248
有些水稻品种对白叶枯病(Xanthomonas campestris pv.oryzae)的侵染表现出成株期抗性,其植株在苗期感病,随着植株成长由感病转为抗病。13个有成株抗性的品种中,有些能抗供试的4个菲律宾小种,而另一些只对1或2个小种有成株抗性。菌系与品种间互作较强,表明有些水稻品种对白叶枯病的成株抗性似乎属“小种专化”。抗性转变的情况多种多样,有些品种从苗期到孕穗期逐渐由感病转为抗病,另一些品种从感病转向抗病的界限非常明显。不同品种对同一菌系的转抗叶位不同,同一品种对不同菌株的转抗叶位也不一样。具有 Xa-6基因的品种的成株抗性仍表现稳定。高温对感病品种和成株抗性品种在转抗以前的感病阶段的病情发展有促进作用。具有 xa-5基因的 IR1545-339在高温下仍然有其鉴别抗性反应,对其有致病力的小种4的病情类似TNI。  相似文献   
3.
We conducted an experiment in Gejiu, Yunnan Province of China during the wet season of 2002 to examine the importance of resource complementarity and prevention of lodging in the fast-spreading practice of growing rice varietal mixtures in China to suppress rice blast disease and its associated damage. The hybrid rice variety Shanyou 63 and the glutinous or sticky rice variety Huangkenuo were used to study intra- and inter-varietal competition in the rice intercropping system. The experiment was laid out as a randomized complete block design in four replications with pure stands and mixtures of both varieties at different total planting densities and mixing ratios. In half of the pure stand treatments of glutinous rice a metal frame was installed to prevent lodging. The results showed that resource complementarity between the two rice varieties, resulting from niche differentiation, was marginal and did not greatly enhance the productivity of the rice varietal mixtures. In contrast, prevention of lodging of glutinous rice was identified as an important additional advantage of growing these rice varieties in mixture.  相似文献   
4.
 用国际鉴别寄主及中国鉴别寄主分别在华南及菲律宾两地,同时多次重复研究、比较、分析两地的稻白叶枯病病原菌株的致病力。用人工剪接法测定明确了中国及菲律宾的病情分级调查记载标准呈显著相关,均能反映华南与菲律宾的病情调查实际结果。对4个菲律宾和5个华南菌群而言,"金南风"及"脱脱普"全感,而"早生爱国3号"和"爪哇14号"则全抗。"黄玉"对华南菌群Ⅰ及Ⅱ抵抗,但对Ⅲ及Ⅳ群与4个菲律宾菌群则全感。"IR8"及"Cas209"对5个华南菌群全感,而"DV85"则全抗。"IR20"及"IR1545-339"抗华南菌群Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ及Ⅳ,但感染Ⅴ群。"TN1"及"金刚30"等品种全部感染华南及菲律宾菌群。"IR26"抗华南菌群Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ和菲律宾菌群Ⅰ,但感染华南菌群Ⅴ和菲律宾菌群Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ。试验结果指出:华南菌群Ⅲ、Ⅳ的,致病力与菲律宾菌群Ⅰ相仿,而华南菌群Ⅴ则与菲律宾菌群Ⅳ相类似。此外,还研究比较分析了华南菌株与东南亚菲律宾、泰国和印度尼西亚诸国菌株间的致病力的异同情况。  相似文献   
5.
中国水稻白叶枯病菌系染色体DNA的RFLP谱型的初析   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
章琦 Leach  JE 《作物学报》1996,22(1):13-19
用2个DNA探针pJEL101和pBASavrXa10对78个水稻白叶枯病菌系进行RFLP分型,以分析其群体结构和遗传多样性。分别鉴定出16种RFLP标记带的谱型。以彼此的带位相似率达85%为界,可分为簇。参试菌系的群体遗传多样性为0.77(用pJEL101),和0.83RFLP谱型分析表明:我国多数病原型为杂合组群。白叶枯病菌系的分子表现型的变异,远远大于致病型,两个探针都能有效分析我国菌系的群  相似文献   
6.
研究了两个品种早生爱国3号和辛尼斯对菲律宾水稻白叶枯病菌4个生理小种、日本小种1和我国菌株的成株抗性遗传和抗性基因的等位关系。这两个抗病品种与感病品种沈农1033杂交所得的 F_1、F_2和 B_1F_1群体的成株抗性反应,表明它们均携有一对显性基因。将早生爱国3号同辛尼斯杂交进行直接等位性测定,并将邳早15和蚌珠芒分别与辛  相似文献   
7.
 分别从健康的水稻植株、感染纹枯病植株、根际土壤、秧田水和菌核上分离出能拮抗水稻纹枯病的假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas spp.)和芽胞杆菌属(Bacillus spp.)的细菌菌株,大多数菌株在室内试验中对菌丝生长有抑制作用,有的菌株在温室试验中起抑制病害和对植株有保护作用, 有的(1/49) 具有促进秧苗生长的作用。纹枯病的病斑相对长度与病害发生率密切相关(r2=0.33,P=0.01), 与抑菌圈大小(r2=0.3)和离体叶片病斑大小(r2=0.12) 无相关,植株干重与病斑相对长度和发病率均无显著相关(r2=0或0.1)。  相似文献   
8.
The rice( Oryza L. ) variety, Lijiangxintuanheigu(LTH), is a universally susceptible variety. A set of near-isogenic lines (NILs) of rice which has single resistance gene for each line was developed by use of LTH as recurrent parent and Kusabue,Tsuyuake, K1, PiNo. 4, K60 and BL1, which are from Kiyosawa‘s differential varieties(KDV), as donor parents. Differentiating ability of these NILs to Philippine isolates was compared with that of their donor parents, KDV and IRRI‘ s NILs. The results of comparative studies were as follows: (1) Differentiating ability of Chinese NILs to Philippine isolates was much stronger than that of their donor parents and that of KDV. (2) Chinese NILs had similar ability to differentiate races to IRRI‘s NILs or higher differentiating ability than them. But IRRI‘s NILs almost had no differentiating ability to isolates from japonica rice-growing regions. They can not be used to differentiate races of isolates from japonica ricegrowing regions. Whereas, Chinese NILs can be used to differentiate races of isolates from both japonica ricegrowing regions and indica rice-growing regions. It was concluded that the set of Chinese NILs can be used as international differentials.  相似文献   
9.
ABSTRACT During the 1995 wet season, harvested rice seed was collected from farmers' fields at different locations in Iloilo, Philippines. Bacterial isolations from crushed seed yielded 428 isolates. The isolates were characterized by BOX-polymerase chain reaction fingerprinting of total genomic DNA and represented 151 fingerprint types (FPT). Most FPTs were found on a single occasion, although matching fingerprints for isolates from different samples also were found. Identifications were made by cellular fatty acid methyl ester analysis and additional use of Biolog GN/GP MicroPlates and API 20E/50CHE systems. The predominant bacteria were Enterobacteriaceae (25%), Bacillus spp. (22%), and Pseu-domonas spp. (14%). Other bacteria regularly present were identified as Xanthomonas spp., Cellulomonas flavigena, and Clavibacter michiganense. Of the total number of isolated bacteria, 4% exhibited in vitro antifungal activity against Rhizoctonia solani or Pyricularia grisea. Two percent of isolates were pathogens identified as Burkholderia glumae and Burkholderia gladioli. Five percent of isolates induced sheath necrosis on only 50 to 90% of inoculated plants and were related to Bacillus pumilus, Paenibacillus spp., Pseudomonas spp., and Pantoea spp.  相似文献   
10.
水稻品种苗期阶段对白叶枯病的抗性研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
 根据水稻品种各叶期对白叶枯病的抗性表现和强弱程度可分为四类:(1)全期抗病型;(2)全期中抗型;(3)苗感成株抗病型;和(4)全期感病型。可以看出,水稻品种除少数苗感成抗型外,其余三种抗性类型苗期与成株期的抗性反应是一致的。由于中抗、成抗和感病品种各叶期的抗性有随着叶位的升高而抗性增强的趋势,不同抗性品种在苗期阶段抗感对比均较成株期明显。因此,水稻品种对白叶枯病的抗性鉴定采用苗期鉴定方法是可行的。影响水稻品种苗期抗性的因素是:苗龄(叶期)、观察时期、品种与菌株的组合等。  相似文献   
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