中草药提取液对黄瓜苗期杀根结线虫的活性研究

[目的]研究中草药提取液对黄瓜苗期杀根结线虫的活性.[方法]利用植物水培技术,结合生长条件易控制、根系生长过程易连续观察的特点,应用5种具有较强室内触杀根结线虫活性的植物提取液及其与阿维菌素的复配液,对黄瓜苗期水培根系杀线活性进行系统研究.[结果]胡黄连和石榴皮提取液可以在不影响水培黄瓜苗期植株生长的前提下表现出对根结线虫良好的活体植株根系寄生防治和杀灭活性,且达到了与阿维菌素相近的作用水平;而狗脊、木香和蛇床子提取液对黄瓜的生长表现出不同程度的抑制作用,其对根结线虫的防治效用和杀灭活性也较弱.[结论]触杀效果和杀线活性成分能否被植物吸收利用共同制约着具有杀线活性中草药提取液的开发应用. Abstract： Present mature plants hydroponic technology was used,combined with some excellent characteristics,such as growth conditions was easy to control and process of root growth was easy to continuously observe,the nematicidal activity of 5 kinds of Chinese herbs extracts and the compound solution of Avermectin,with strong contact toxicity effect indoor,was systematically studied and investigated the affection on the rootknot nematode parasitized on the cucumber seeding stage.It is found that under the premise of no influence on root growth of cucumber,extracts from Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora and Punica granatum showed strong prevention and nematicidal activity,and had the similar efficacy of Avermectin;while the extracts from Cibotium barornetz,Aucklandia lappa Decne and Fructus cnidii showed low nematicidal activity and various degrees inhibition effect on plant growth.     

不同草莓资源果实有机酸的积累动态及其多样性分析

以138份草莓育种中间品系和24份主栽品种为材料,利用高效液相色谱技术测定果实柠檬酸和苹果酸含量,研究草莓果实有机酸积累动态及其多样性。结果表明:草莓果实柠檬酸占比59%以上,最高达99.33%,总酸和柠檬酸含量呈正态分布。成熟果实柠檬酸含量为6.70—62.64 mg∕g FW,苹果酸含量为0.19—10.29 mg∕g FW,栽培品种有机酸变异范围小于育种品系。柠檬酸含量最高的品系是L277#(‘章姬’和‘甜查理’杂交后代),含量最高的品种是‘Mariguette’;苹果酸含量最高的资源分别是PE8(‘甜查理’和黄毛草莓远缘杂交后代)和‘申阳’。不同基因型草莓果实中有机酸变化范围不同,表明环境对不同基因型资源有机酸积累影响程度不同。通过分析9份资源果实发育过程中有机酸积累情况,发现总酸和柠檬酸含量从绿果到成熟期多呈下降趋势,有稳定持续下降、先降至转色期再回升、以及先升至白果期后下降等多种模式。苹果酸动态积累模式则更为多样,5个品系成熟期苹果酸含量均高于绿果期。该研究可为多种风味草莓新品种选育及果实品质调控提供指导和参考。