松萝酸对AA肉仔鸡生产性能与屠宰性能的影响

选择健康的1日龄AA肉仔鸡225只,随机分成5组,即阴性对照组(基础日粮)、抗生素组(基础日粮+0.3 g/kg那西肽和0.25 g/kg硫酸黏杆菌素预混剂)及0.003%松萝酸(USA)组(基础日粮+0.003%USA)、0.004%USA组(基础日粮+0.004%USA)、0.005%USA组(基础日粮+0.005%USA),每组45只肉仔鸡(每组设3个重复,每个重复15只),饲养周期为42d。分别在1、7、14、21、28、35、42日龄对各组肉仔鸡活体重、投料量、剩料等进行称量,用于生产性能测定;同时试验结束当天(即第42天清晨),从每个重复组随机抽取3只肉仔鸡进行屠宰用于测定其屠宰性能。结果表明:0.003%USA组平均活体重、平均日增重分别比阴性对照组、抗生素组、0.004%USA组、0.005%USA组高4.26%(P0.05)、2.03%(P0.05)、5.41%(P0.05)、12.43%(P0.05)和6.08%(P0.05)、0.75%(P0.05)、11.25%(P0.05)、14.02%(P0.05);从平均日采食量、料重比可以看出,0.003%USA组较阴性对照组、抗生素组、0.004%USA组、0.005%USA组分别降低了1.56%(P0.05)、3.92%(P0.05)、0.88%(P0.05)、0.90%(P0.05)和10.19%(P0.05)、2.08%(P0.05)、10.19%(P0.05)、12.96%(P0.05);添加松萝酸试验组的存活率显著高于阴性对照组。不同水平的松萝酸对肉仔鸡主要胴体指标的影响表明,0.003%USA组较抗生素组宰前活重、屠体重、半净膛重、全净膛重、腿肌重有一定程度的降低,但高于阴性对照组,差异不显著(P0.05),而0.004%USA组、0.005%USA组对肉仔鸡屠宰性能基本无改善作用,但0.003%USA组较抗生素组腹脂率下降了8.17%(P0.05)。说明添加0.003%松萝酸可在一定程度上促进肉仔鸡的生长发育,提高饲料转化率与屠宰率及一定程度上提高了肉仔鸡的存活率。     

新疆乌什县家畜棘球蚴病感染情况调查

为了掌握乌什县家畜包虫病感染情况,2014年牛、羊、犬包虫病感染情况调查。在屠宰场直接检查牛羊肝脏和肺脏的棘球蚴,进行计数、登记。犬采用槟榔碱下泻法采样后,实验室利用抗原抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附实验方法和粪便检查法检测细粒棘球绦虫带虫率。经过调查玛纳斯县的包虫病平均感染率为绵羊42.8%,牛4.33%,犬14.89%。     

用种子渗出液pH测量法预测大豆种子发芽率

本文对大豆(Glycine max)种子渗出液的pH值与种子发芽之间的相关性作了研究,所用品种“Bragg”来自十九个不同产地。将单个种子置于一盛有3.5ml纯水塑料容器内,在25℃下浸泡20小时,测定每粒种子渗出液的pH值,然后将种子置于纸床发芽,在纸床上作上标记以辩别各粒种子。种子渗出液的pH值与种子发芽之间存在密切相关。pH5.80是有生活力和无生活力种子的分界点。     

利用排放的咸水进行灌溉

<正> 1974年联合国粮食会议的一个报告认为,灌溉农业几乎没有发展的余地了,这是因为适宜的土地和水已几乎全部开发完了。这一结论值得置疑。因为用来估算适宜灌溉的土壤和水的标准是很保守的,而且在估算时只考虑了所灌溉作物的常规标准和生产过程。如果利用咸水,灌溉农业就能扩大。最近的研究与计算表明,以前被认为不适合用于灌溉的水常可以被成功地用来种植作物,而且对作物与土壤没有长期的危害。采用新的作物和水管理对策能够进一步促进咸水灌溉的可行性。大量的咸水是可利用的,包括灌溉工程的排水和浅层地下水,世界上许多地区有这样的咸水,如美国、苏联、巴基斯坦、印度、埃及和澳大利亚。这部分水的利     

25年来亚洲地区灌溉和农业的发展

由于过去十年来农业生产的显著发展,亚洲一些国家的粮食已达到自给自足。回顾过去的25年,该区谷物产量由1961年的3.4亿t,增加到1986年的7.2亿t,增长达2.1倍。但是,作为一个整体,亚洲地区农业生产的发展似乎已达到或超过了安全限度。该区土地的贫乏、人口持续增长以及远不令人满意的营养标准、生活水平和盛行的环境恶化对未来农业的影响不容乐观。本文回顾了亚洲25年的农业灌溉发展历程。论文首先提出的灌溉开发趋势,包括政策方向;然后对大、小型灌溉工程的发展进程和问题都作了阐述。接着,尽可能地对保持农业产量稳定增长中灌溉以及其它生产投入,如肥料、良种等所起的作用进行了评价。 在结论中指出,需要采取更加广泛的途径来提高灌溉的功能、保持农业持续增产,促进发展中国家间的技术和经济的合作。     

田间测定非饱和水力传导度的简便方法

本文提出一种在田间原位测定土壤饱和与非饱和水力传导度的简便方法。用Wooding方程计算稳态自由入渗速率,来推求水力传导度。该方法与实验室单位梯度法所得的饱和与非饱和水力传导度吻合良好。该方法具有快速、简便、土壤孔隙破坏程度小等特点。     

Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Momordica charantia seed essential oil

The essential oil obtained from the seeds of Momordica charantia was analyzed by GC/MS. Twenty-five components, representing 90.9% of the oil, were identified. The main constituents were trans-nerolidol, apiole, cis-dihydrocarveol and germacrene D. Furthermore, the oil was tested for its antibacterial and antifungal activities. Staphylococcus aureus was found to be the most sensitive microorganism with MIC values <500 microg/ml.     

Needle longevity, photosynthetic rate and nitrogen concentration of eight spruce taxa planted in northern Japan

Growth characteristics of Picea glehnii Masters, P. jezoensis (Sieb. et Zucc) Carr., P. jezoensis var. hondoensis (Mayr) Rehder and P. shirasawae Hayashi from Japan, P. abies (L.) Karst. from Europe and P. glauca Voss, P. mariana Britt., Sterns and Pogg. and P. rubens Sarg. from North America were compared. The trees were grown in similar conditions at the Tomakomai Experimental Forest of Hokkaido University in northern Japan. Tree growth, needle biomass, longevity, photosynthetic rate, nitrogen concentration and specific leaf area (SLA) were measured, and photosynthetic nitrogen-use efficiency was calculated. Picea jezoensis, P. jezoensis var. hondoensis, P. abies and P. glauca had high growth rates, high photosynthetic rates in young needles, high needle nitrogen concentrations and short needle life spans. In contrast, P. glehnii, P. shirasawae, P. mariana and P. rubens had low growth and photosynthetic rates, low needle nitrogen concentrations, long needle life spans and maintained a high photosynthetic nitrogen-use efficiency in older needles. Examination of relationships between several growth parameters of the eight taxa revealed positive correlations between SLA and mass-based photosynthetic rate and between SLA and mass-based nitrogen concentration, whereas mass-based photosynthetic rate and mass-based nitrogen concentration were negatively correlated with needle longevity. The species differed greatly in growth characteristics despite being grown in similar conditions.