Anti-inflammatory activities of cucurbitacin E isolated from Citrullus lanatus var. citroides: role of reactive nitrogen species and cyclooxygenase enzyme inhibition

The in vivo and in vitro mechanistic anti-inflammatory actions of cucurbitacin E (CE) (Citrullus lanatus var. citroides) were examined. The results showed that LPS/INF-γ increased NO production in RAW264.7 macrophages, whereas L-NAME and CE curtailed it. CE did not reveal any cytotoxicity on RAW264.7 and WRL-68 cells. CE inhibited both COX enzymes with more selectivity toward COX-2. Intraperitoneal injection of CE significantly suppressed carrageenan-induced rat's paw edema. ORAC and FRAP assays showed that CE is not a potent ROS scavenger. It could be concluded that CE is potentially useful in treating inflammation through the inhibition of COX and RNS but not ROS.     

车辆底盘自动集中润滑系统的控制方法及技术

通过对车辆底盘自动集中润滑控制方法的研究，研制了单片机控制和液压控制相结合的底盘自动集中润滑系统。系统通过设置压力传感器实现主油路的压力控制和油泵工作时间的自动调节，通过配油器实现定量储油和将油脂输送至各润滑点，通过电子监控器设定加脂间隔时间，实现自动加脂与故障报警。系统性能检测和样机应用试验表明，该系统能实现底盘油脂润滑的定时定量控制，工作稳定可靠，控制方法合理可行，智能化程度高。     

车辆底盘自动集中润滑装置的研制

针对目前车辆底盘运动部件采用人工加脂润滑存在的弊端，研究了自动集中润滑系统的工作原理及技术方案，提出了齿轮泵、溢流阀、配油器和油管接头等关键部件的技术参数和结构设计方法，并研制了样机。性能检测结果表明，该集中润滑装置能满足30～60个润滑点的底盘润滑需要；齿轮泵的输出压力及输油量，配油器的注脂量和管路的密封性能等技术参数和性能指标均达到设计标准。应用性能考核表明，该装置工作稳定、性能可靠，达到了满意的应用效果。     

Taurine is more effective than melatonin on cytochrome P450 2E1 and some oxidative stress markers in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Melatonin and taurine have alleviative effects in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into nondiabetic, diabetic, diabetic melatonin supplemented and diabetic taurine supplemented groups. At the end of the study, both blood and liver were collected for determination of some oxidative stress parameters, and hepatic cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) enzyme activity and gene expression. An increased CYP2E1 activity and expression level with a concomitant significant change in oxidative stress parameters were found in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Taurine or melatonin supplementation to the diabetic rats alleviated these experimental parameters with a more significant effect for taurine than that of melatonin. Suppression of β-hydroxybutyrate (β-HB) production by taurine can be one of the mechanisms of a reduction in CYP2E1. Taurine was effective more than melatonin in reducing CYP2E1 activity and expression; therefore antioxidants might prove beneficial in type 1 diabetes associated with manifestations of liver injury.     

Functional properties and characterization of dietary fiber from Mangifera pajang Kort. fruit pulp

A dried high fiber product from bambangan (Mangifera pajang Kort.) fruit pulp was prepared and evaluated for proximate composition, functional properties, and soluble and insoluble dietary fiber composition. Mangifera pajang fibrous (MPF) consisted of 4.7% moisture, 0.8% fat, 4% protein, and 30 mg total polyphenol per g of dry sample, and 9, 79 and 88% soluble, insoluble and total dietary fiber, respectively. Water holding capacity, oil holding capacity, swelling, and solubility were found to be 9 g/g dry sample, 4 g/g dry sample, 16 mL/g dry sample, and 11%, respectively. The glucose dialysis retardation index of MPF was approximately double that of cellulose fiber. Soluble dietary fiber contained mannose, arabinose, glucose, rhamnose, erythrose, galactose, xylose, and fucose at 1.51, 0.72, 0.39, 0.16, 0.14, 0.05, 0.04, and 0.01%, respectively, with 5.8% uronic acid, while insoluble dietary fiber was composed of arabinose (18.47%), glucose (4.46%), mannose (3.15%), rhamnose (1.65%), galactose (1.20%), xylose (0.99%), and fucose (0.26%) with 15.5% uronic acid and 33.1% klason lignin. These characteristics indicate that MPF is a rich source of dietary fiber and has physicochemical properties which make it suitable as an added ingredient in various food products and/or dietetic, low-calorie high-fiber foods to enhance their nutraceutical properties.     

昆虫信息素在食品行业中的应用

用昆虫信息素防治害虫是近年来发展起来的一种新技术,昆虫信息素在害虫防治上的应用,具有作用广泛、选择性强、不杀伤天敌和益虫、无残留、不污染环境、不会引起害虫产生抗药性、对人畜安全的特点。昆虫信息素作为害虫综合防治的一个组成部分,已获得越来越多的重视。     

如何选用孵化机

孵化机是养禽行业中应用最广泛的一种设备。目前市场上有不同厂家生产的多种品牌新老式孵化机,新式的按结构形式分有箱体式和巷道式,按控制方式分有集成电路和电脑控制;老式的有八角式和其它土法生产的机型。如何选用好孵化机,直接关系到使用单位的经济效益。我们认为,应从以下三方面考虑:     

9JF(C)-168型孵化(出雏)机

９ＪＦ（Ｃ）－１６８型孵化（出雏）机浙江农业大学工程技术学院盛奎川浙江农大工程技术学院利用高校科研优势，与杭州余杭畜禽设备厂共同研制开发了９ＪＦ（Ｃ）－１６８型全自动电孵化（出雏）机，一次可孵化禽蛋１６８００枚，兼具出雏功能。该孵化机由箱体、风机系统...     

水流泵少齿差行星增速器的改进研究

在利用常见少齿差行星传动优点的基础上，提出了限制行星轮自转运动的Ｘ－Ｙ型行星增速传动方案．通过传动分析，说明该方案具有承载能力强，运转平稳，且适于高增速传动的优点，有效地解决了ＢＯＲＤＡ泵（水流泵）增速器部件改进设计的关键问题．     

不同土壤水分调控技术对土壤含水量和鸭梨果实品质的影响

以13、20和30年生鸭梨为试材,分别在辛集市新垒头、泊头市苗圃场和曲阳县寺南庄梨园,研究了覆膜、定期浇水和对照3种不同土壤水分调控技术对土壤含水量和鸭梨品质的影响。结果表明,土壤含水量以定期浇水最高,对照和覆膜较低;平均单果重以定期浇水最大,覆膜次之,对照最小;果肉硬度则正相反;可溶性固形物、总糖含量和糖酸比以对照最高,覆膜次之,定期浇水最低;可滴定酸含量以定期浇水最高,对照和覆膜较低;Vc含量以覆膜最高,对照次之,定期浇水最低;果实淀粉和果皮叶绿素含量均表现为对照>定期浇水>覆膜。