西藏青稞品种喜马拉雅8号低温处理的SSH-cDNA文库构建及分析

为进一步研究青稞低温抗性相关基因,以喜马拉雅8号为材料,通过抑制差减杂交(suppression subtractive hybridization,SSH)的方法,构建青稞低温环境下的cDNA文库,并通过nr及KEGG数据库对筛选得到的高质量EST序列进行功能注释。结果发现,对随机挑选的281个阳性克隆进行测序,获得209条高质量ESTs序列,其中有117条序列能够在GenBank库中比对到同源性较高的基因或蛋白。对上述117条序列进行GO功能注释及KEGG代谢路径分析,发现其涉及到植物的基础物质、能量代谢、光合作用、信号转导等方面,说明这些基因可能参与了青稞对低温的抗性反应。     

基于转录组测序数据的青稞WRKY基因家族的生物信息学分析

WRKY是植物中一类重要的转录因子,广泛调控了植物的生长发育和逆境胁迫应答.基于青稞白粉病侵染幼苗的转录组测序数据,本研究鉴定得到41个青稞WRKY转录因子,被划分为3个大组:Ⅰ组(6个)、Ⅱ组(21个)和Ⅲ组(12个).另外,HvWRKY40和HvWRKY41没有分组.青稞WRKY基因进化分析的聚类结果和分组结果一致...     

对迪庆州玛咖产业健康良性发展的思考

介绍玛咖的生态习性、生长环境,以及抗疲劳,延缓衰老,增强免疫力等人体保健功效。对迪庆州玛珈适宜种植区进行分析,认为全州海拔2 800 m以上,北纬30°以下的高寒山区适宜种植玛咖,土地面积约有17 006 hm2,种植玛咖有较高的经济收益。藉此,从国家政策、健康产品市场前景等方面论述了发展玛咖产业的必要性,并提出相关对策。     

A mutation in Waxy gene affects amylose content,starch granules and kernel characteristics of barley (Hordeum vulgare)

Waxy barley referred to as low‐amylose or amylose‐free has special advantages in nutrition composition and food processing. Waxy gene encoding granule–bound starch synthase I (GBSSI) is responsible for amylose synthesis in barley. The G³⁹³⁵‐to‐T in Waxy gene has been previously found in amylose–free barley. In this study, G³⁹³⁵‐to‐T was proved to co‐segregate with the waxy phenotype of barley, but has no obvious effect on GBSSI catalytic activity and starch chain length distribution. However, recombinant inbred lines with G³⁹³⁵‐to‐T in Waxy gene are of significant modification in starch granules morphology and pasting properties, increase of grain β‐glucan content, and decrease of thousand kernel weight along with lower kernel width. A polymerase chain reaction with confronting two–pair primers marker was developed for economic and efficient screening of G³⁹³⁵‐to‐T. This study provides the basis for cultivar improvement of waxy barley then fully developing its potential value and utility in food processing.     

西藏浪错夏季浮游植物组成与环境因子的关系

2017年7月,在西藏浪错(E 87°23′5.46″,N 29°12′33.45″)入水口和出水口,北侧靠西边小岛内侧等处共设5个采样站点,调查浮游植物的群落结构.研究结果显示,浮游植物有3门12种(属),密度1.935×104～51.558×104个/L,平均密度17.188×104个/L,生物量0.003～0.2...     

Does science replace traditions? Correlates between traditional Tibetan culture and local bird diversity in Southwest China

A positive relationship between traditional cultures and biodiversity exists worldwide, but when traditional and formal conservation institutions coexist, how they interact and affect biodiversity remains poorly studied. From 2005 to 2007, we studied the relationship between Tibetan traditional practices and biodiversity. Specifically, how traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) and scientific ecological knowledge (SEK) affect local biodiversity by affecting people’s attitudes and behaviors towards conservation. We interviewed 331 villagers in nine Tibetan villages in Sichuan Province, China. We used proxy questions to measure the traditional practices, TEK, SEK, conservation attitudes and behaviors of village residents. Meanwhile, we assessed the bird diversity around the villages by stratified sampling and point counts. The results indicate traditional practices exhibited a strong positive correlation with TEK, but a negative correlation with formal education and SEK. The villagers with high traditional practices had more positive attitudes towards conservation and more actively participated in conservation than villagers with low traditional practices, and villagers with medium traditional practices were the least concerned about, or participated in, conservation activities. Bird species richness, abundance, and the Shannon–Wiener diversity index were positively correlated with the traditional practice index of each village. The results of a negative binomial regression showed the traditional practice index was a positive correlative factor of bird species richness, while formal education was not a significant variable, after controlling for other potential sampling and environment factors. Government-sponsored conservation education was somewhat successful in raising people’s environmental awareness, but these efforts have yet to correlate with enhanced biodiversity measures.     

有机酸对As(Ⅴ)在土壤中老化的影响

为了明确不同类型有机酸对土壤中砷释放及迁移转化等行为的影响,应用模拟试验方法,研究了添加乙酸、草酸、柠檬酸和腐植酸对砷在第四纪红壤中老化的影响。研究结果表明,在温度为25℃、湿度为最大田间持水量70%条件下,有机酸类型对砷在第四纪红壤中老化过程的影响不显著,但有机酸添加量对培养期间土壤有效态和结合态砷的含量具有显著影响。当乙酸的添加量为50、100 mg·kg~(-1)时,对As(Ⅴ)在土壤中的老化均有抑制作用;添加量达到200 mg·kg~(-1)时,对As(Ⅴ)的老化具有促进作用。而草酸和柠檬酸的添加量为50 mg·kg~(-1)时,对As(Ⅴ)的老化具有促进作用;添加量为100、200 mg·kg~(-1)时均抑制As(Ⅴ)的老化。腐植酸对外源砷在土壤中的老化具有抑制作用,且其对砷老化的影响远大于其他类型有机酸。当添加量在50~200 mg·kg~(-1)时,乙酸和草酸对土壤中专性吸附态砷含量有显著影响;添加量为50、100 mg·kg~(-1)时,柠檬酸和腐植酸对弱结晶水合铁铝氧化物结合态砷均有显著影响;添加量为200 mg·kg~(-1)时,乙酸、柠檬酸和腐植酸对结晶水合铁铝氧化物态砷影响显著。综上,在本试验条件下,As(Ⅴ)在第四纪红壤上老化不受有机酸类型的影响,而受有机酸添加量的影响。