秦椒田天敌的调查及利用

研究表明:秦椒田天敌有70佘种,主要14种。以蜘蛛、瓢虫、寄生性天敌、食虫蝽为天敌优势类群。各类群天敌在椒田的发生季节和数量不同,主要受地区差异、栽培方式、椒田化学农药使用量的影响。秦椒田天敌种群数量与害虫发生密度成正相关(γ=0.43～0.79),对秦椒田害虫有很强的控制作用。采用麦椒间套、挖窝诱蛛、插种玉米、花生以及合理使用化学农药,对保护椒田天敌效果显著。     

Ovariectomy as treatment for ovarian bacterial granulomas in a Duvaucel's gecko (Hoplodactylus duvaucelii)

CASE HISTORY: An adult female Duvaucel's gecko (Hoplodactylus duvaucelii) from a threatened species breeding programme presented due to a prolonged gestation period and distended abdomen.

CLINICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS: The gecko was in lean body condition with an irregularly shaped, firm mass in the coelomic cavity. Radiographically there was a diffuse radio-opacity within the coelomic cavity with cranial displacement of the right lung field. Ultrasonography revealed a round homogenous abdominal mass of medium echogenicity with an echogenic capsule. Haematology showed a leucocytosis with a moderate left shift in heterophils and toxic changes. Bilateral ovariectomy was performed to remove two ovarian granulomas and Salmonella enterica subspecies houtenae (IV) was cultured from the ovarian tissue. The gecko recovered well from the surgery, regained weight and remained in good health 3 years following the surgery.

DIAGNOSIS: Pre-ovulatory stasis and ovarian granulomas associated with infection with Salmonella enterica subsp. houtenae.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The surgery described in this case resulted in recovery of the gecko, which despite its loss of reproductive capability is of value as an education animal. This is the first report of pre-ovulatory stasis and ovarian granulomas associated with infection with Salmonella enterica in a Duvaucel's gecko and is also the first reported case of pre-ovulatory stasis in a viviparous lizard species. The case adds to knowledge regarding potential reproductive pathology in lizards, which is particularly important information for managers of captive lizard breeding programmes.     

Phytoplankton uptake and growth rate in the Japanese egg cockle Fulvia mutica

To clarify the relationship between the quantity of food ingested by and the growth rate of the Japanese egg cockle Fulvia mutica (Reeve), we conducted a laboratory breeding experiment for 2 weeks and estimated the chlorophyll a (chl-a) concentrations in water and the increments in shell length and soft-body weight of this species under five chl-a concentrations. Moreover, we compared the relationship between cockle growth (changes in soft-body weight and shell length) and their feeding environment observed in the laboratory experiment with the results of a field investigation conducted at two sites in the Sea of Japan, Kumihama Bay (35°38′5″ N, 134°54′00″ E) and Kunda Bay (35°33′30″ N, 135°15′4″ E). The changes in soft-body weight were similar in both laboratory and field investigations, but those in shell length were not. We, therefore, considered shell length changes as unsuitable for evaluating the relationship between growth and feeding in F. mutica. Based on the changes in soft-body weight, it was possible to classify the feeding environment of this species into the following three types: (1) < 1.52 μg chl-a L−1, negative feeding environment for cockle growth; (2) 1.52–5.71 μg chl-a L−1, neutral feeding environment for cockle growth; (3) > 5.71 μg chl-a L−1, positive feeding environment for cockle growth (growth increased with increasing chl-a concentration up to about 11 μg chl-a L−1). These results indicate that maintaining chl-a concentration in the breeding water within 5.71–11 μg chl-a L−1 is desirable for rearing Japanese egg cockle.     

中国长白山林蛙血清生化指标的测定

中国长白山林蛙是经济价值极高的两栖动物。目前我国正由野生向工厂化养殖的方向发展，并且已初见成效。但是对其生理、生化指标方面的研究，至今国内外尚未见报道。为了给研究长白山林蛙的生理机能和疾病诊断提供理论依据，2000年5月上旬，对长白山林蛙的部分血清常用生化指标进行了测定。     

银杏采叶圃营建技术的初步研究

针对影响银杏采叶圃产量及质量的抚育施肥、密度等因子的观测试验 ,初步研制了银杏采叶圃的营建技术 ,确定了最佳采叶期     

Corneal Mineralization in Wistar Hannover Rats

We have recently started using Wistar Hannover rats in Japan and are now collecting background data. We have been frequently observing corneal mineralization in Wistar Hannover rats of both the RccHan^TM:WIST and Crl:WI (Han) strains. In this study, details of corneal mineralization in Wistar Hannover rats were histopathologically and ultrastructurally investigated. According to the results, Wistar Hannover rats had a much higher incidence of corneal mineralization compared with Sprague-Dawley rats. The incidence of corneal mineralization was higher in males than females. According to the histological examination, mineral deposits were positive for calcium by von Kossa’s method. Furthermore, in response to mineralization, keratocytes probably become active to play an important role against the mineralized substance.     

转基因番茄研究进展

概述基因荛在番茄抗病毒、抗病虫害、抗除草剂、提高耐贮藏性、抗寒性、改善风味品质和育性等遗传改良的应用。展示利用基因工程进行番茄品种改良的广阔前景。     

如何确保饲料的最佳混合

<正>动物每天摄取饲料的营养成分时刻在变,所以每天摄入的营养素也会产生变异。如果在设计日粮配方时,某些营养成分仅能满足动物的最低需要,则可能因饲料营养成分的变异而不能满足动物的实际     

Use of microsatellite markers to detect quantitative trait loci in Yorkshire pigs

To identify genetic markers associated with economic traits in pigs, 157 microsatellite markers were examined in Yorkshire pigs. Thirty eight female Yorkshire pigs were initially examined and six of them were selected as progenitors; half were more than 1.5 standard deviations (SD) above the mean for average daily gain (ADG) and backfat thickness (BFT), and the remaining half were more than 1.5 SD below the mean. These pigs were then mated to male Duroc pigs, and 200 F2 pig offspring were examined for the association of specific alleles with ADG and BFT. To confirm the specific markers identified in the initial analysis, associations of significant markers with economic traits were further examined in 228 additional performance-tested purebred pigs. Twenty-five microsatellite markers were significantly associated with either ADG or BFT, and among these, 17 were associated with both traits. The markers with the highest association to ADG were also associated with BFT. Our study reveals that specific markers could be used to predict economic significance, and confirms several quantitative trait loci (QTL) identified in previous studies. However, further analysis with more closely-spaced microsatellite markers is required to refine predictive values for economic traits and positions of QTL that are reliable for actual phenotypic prediction.