An assessment of the utility of microcomputers and dairy herd management software for dairy farms and dairy practices

Microcomputer systems were placed in three veterinary practices each serving three farms (bureau), and onto nine dairy farms (on-farm). Over a twenty-four week period, the utilization of the computer system and the DHM software was monitored. The on-farm system was more costly in terms of equipment and technical support effort, but the information was utilized to a greater extent than it was by the bureau participants who had invested more user time per cow. Note that actual time will vary with the software program used. The farmers indicated that they wished to have access to the information offered by the software. `Computer phobia' was not found to be a problem. The expectations of the computer system and its benefits generally remained high. In general, the information available through the microcomputer system and the DHM software was found to be useful to both the dairy farmers and the veterinarians in this study.     

Root zone temperature alters storage root formation and growth of sweetpotato

Large mounds amended with plant residues are a common cultivation method for sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) in the western parts of the Papua New Guinea highlands, with a suggested benefit of elevated root zone temperature (RZT) from decomposition. This study aimed to evaluate whether RZT affects the formation and growth of sweetpotato storage roots. Experiments evaluated the effects of a constant elevated RZT on the Beauregard cultivar and of a short‐term increase in RZT on the Beauregard and Northern Star cultivars. Plants were grown in 18‐L pots divided into a control compartment (constant RZT at 20°C) and a treated compartment (RZT at 30, 40 or 50°C). Constant elevated RZT was maintained until harvest, while short‐term increase in RZT occurred in weeks 2 and 3 only. Constant elevated RZT did not affect the total number of storage roots, but RZT of 30°C and above reduced the dry‐biomass of storage roots. The short‐term increase in RZT did not alter the total number or dry‐biomass of storage roots in Beauregard, while both of these attributes were reduced at RZT of 40°C or above in Northern Star. Elevated RZT inhibited dry‐biomass accumulation of storage root, with a more pronounced impact at constant elevated RZT. These results demonstrate that any benefits of the mound culture on sweetpotato yield production do not arise through the influence of temperature elevation.     

苗盘烟雾消毒方法对烤烟苗盘处理效果研究

为了验证苗盘烟雾消毒方法对烤烟苗盘的处理效果和安全性,试验设计了常规高锰酸钾消毒和苗盘烟雾消毒2种方法,结果表明:苗盘烟雾消毒方法省工省时,药剂用量和耗水量少,对烤烟苗盘有着较好的消毒效果,且对烟苗生长没有负面作用。     

菜籽油裂解燃料离子液体催化酯化反应降酸工艺的研究

为了降低裂解燃料酸值,增加燃料的稳定性能,将吡啶丁烷磺酸硫酸氢盐应用于菜籽油裂解燃料的酯化反应。考察了催化剂用量、反应时间和反应温度等对酸值的影响,并在最佳优化条件下考察了裂解燃料成品的理化性质。结果表明:吡啶丁烷磺酸硫酸氢盐对催化酯化反应具有很高的催化活性。优化工艺条件为:催化剂用量1.2%、反应温度75℃、反应时间70 min,在此工艺条件下,酸值降低到1.0 mgKOH/g以下。     

利川市山区马铃薯规模化种植的实践与思考

为了探索出一种独具特色的马铃薯规范化、规模化种植模式,基于利川市山区马铃薯规模化种植基地建设情况,结合利川市实际情况,按照优质高效、农旅融合的农业高质量发展要求,对推进马铃薯规模化种植的经验进行总结,提出加强科技支撑、优化发展模式、做好新型职业农民培训、创新管理模式、强化品牌效应的建议。     

重庆市农业科技创新战略探讨

农业科技创新是实现农业可持续发展的主要动力,自然条件决定了重庆市必须走特色效益型现代化农业之路。深入分析了当前重庆市农业科技创新取得主要成效及存在主要问题,明确提出了新形势下重庆市农业科技创新战略定位与目标,研究探讨了推动重庆市农业科技创新的6个战略建议,对加快推进重庆市特色效益型农业科技创新体系建设具有重要的科学参考价值。