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1.
Jun TAMURA Tomohito ISHIZUKA Sho FUKUI Norihiko OYAMA Kodai KAWASE Kenjiro MIYOSHI Tadashi SANO Kirby PASLOSKE Kazuto YAMASHITA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(3):289-296
The pharmacological effects of the anesthetic alfaxalone were evaluated after
intramuscular (IM) administration to 6 healthy beagle dogs. The dogs received three IM
doses each of alfaxalone at increasing dose rates of 5 mg/kg (IM5), 7.5 mg/kg (IM7.5) and
10 mg/kg (IM10) every other day. Anesthetic effect was subjectively
evaluated by using an ordinal scoring system to determine the degree of neuro-depression
and the quality of anesthetic induction and recovery from anesthesia. Cardiorespiratory
variables were measured using noninvasive methods. Alfaxalone administered IM produced
dose-dependent neuro-depression and lateral recumbency (i.e., 36 ± 28 min, 87 ± 26 min and
115 ± 29 min after the IM5, IM7.5 and IM10 treatments, respectively). The endotracheal
tube was tolerated in all dogs for 46 ± 20 and 58 ± 21 min after the IM7.5 and IM10
treatments, respectively. It was not possible to place endotracheal tubes in 5 of the
6 dogs after the IM5 treatment. Most cardiorespiratory variables remained
within clinically acceptable ranges, but hypoxemia was observed by pulse oximetry for 5 to
10 min in 2 dogs receiving the IM10 treatment. Dose-dependent decreases in rectal
temperature, respiratory rate and arterial blood pressure also occurred. The quality of
recovery was considered satisfactory in all dogs receiving each treatment; all the dog
exhibited transient muscular tremors and staggering gait. In conclusion, IM alfaxalone
produced a dose-dependent anesthetic effect with relatively mild cardiorespiratory
depression in dogs. However, hypoxemia may occur at higher IM doses of alfaxalone. 相似文献
2.
Yosuke Amano Masayuki Kuwahara Toshiro Takahashi Kotaro Shirai Kodai Yamane Tatsuya Kawakami Kazuki Yokouchi Hiroshi Amakawa Tsuguo Otake 《Fisheries Science》2018,84(5):799-813
Biwa salmon Oncorhynchus sp. is endemic to Lake Biwa, Japan, where it is an important commercial and recreational fisheries species. However, no information is currently available on its population structure and migration ecology. Therefore, here we evaluated whether otolith Sr/Ca, Ba/Ca and 87Sr/86Sr ratios can be used as natural signatures in Biwa salmon and then used these to determine the natal origins of lake-migration-phase individuals and spawning adults, and the homing ability of spawning adults in the Lake Biwa water system. Quadratic discriminant function analysis demonstrated that the lake-migration school comprised individuals with multiple origins, including rivers to the east, west and north of Lake Biwa, and that the homing rate of spawning adults was low (18 out of 80 individuals), with ca. 78% of fish straying into non-natal rivers. However, this straying behaviour was not spatially random, with fish tending to migrate upstream in rivers neighbouring their natal rivers. The high rate of straying in spawning adults is considered important for establishing and maintaining this species, which is highly adapted to life in the Lake Biwa water system where environmental disturbances often occur. 相似文献
3.
Jun HAKOZAKI Sho KUZUKAMI Asako HARAGUCHI Kazuhiko NAKAYAMA Kodai KUSAKISAKO Noboru KUDO Hiromi IKADAI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(6):927
The definitive hosts of Metagonimus hakubaensis are reported to be hamsters, rats, mice, dogs, cats, chickens, and quails in experimental infection and Japanese water shrews in natural infection. Here we report that raccoon dogs are new natural definitive hosts of M. hakubaensis, based on morphological and molecular analyses of Metagonimus flukes collected from the host species from Aomori Prefecture, Japan. Moreover, M. hakubaensis recovered from raccoon dogs showed higher fecundity than those recovered from Japanese water shrews. Therefore, raccoon dogs were considered as a more suitable natural definitive host of M. hakubaensis than Japanese water shrews. 相似文献
4.
Keisuke KAWASE Jumpei TOMIYASU Kazuyuki BAN Ryosuke ONO Satoshi ANDO Aya ONO Ran KIMURA Kanako TOMISAWA Motozumi MATSUI Shun-ichi SHIIHARA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(9):1454
Lions (Panthera leo) breed well under captivity, so contraception has been commonly conducted for population management, leading to a demand for a less invasive and reversible contraceptive approach in lions. In this study, we examined the efficacy of a commercial gonadotropin-releasing hormone vaccine as a method of suppressing reproductive activity in a sexually matured female lion. Under behavioral restraint, the vaccine was injected twice (days 0 and 109). After the initial vaccination, ovarian activity is still observed. After the second vaccination, contraceptive effect was confirmed for 246 days until restart of estrous cycles. We confirmed only a slight swelling around the injection site after the second vaccination. This study may suggest an alternative option for a contraceptive method in lions. 相似文献
5.
Le-Chang Sun Kodai Kaneko Emiko Okazaki Min-Jie Cao Hiroki Ohwaki Wu-Yin Weng Kazufumi Osako 《Fisheries Science》2013,79(3):537-546
North Pacific krill is widely distributed in the waters around Japan, however its utilization for human consumption has been limited due to its small size. We have investigated the proximate composition, the amino acid, free fatty acid, mineral and protein composition, respectively, as well as the residual proteolytic activity of krill protein, as recovered by acidic- and alkaline-aided isoelectric solubilization/precipitation, in order to facilitate effective utilization of this krill species. Krill protein yield was 31.7 and 73.4 % by acidic and alkaline treatment, respectively. Both treatments resulted in a comparable higher content of essential amino acids than that in whole krill, accompanied with effective removal of insoluble materials. Three major proteolytic active bands with molecular weights of approximately 28, 18 and 16 kDa, as estimated by gelatin-based zymography, were detected. Pronounced residual proteolytic activity was observed in the krill protein after alkaline processing, implying the possible involvement of proteinase(s) in protein degradation during alkaline solubilization. Based on these results, we suggest that inhibition of proteolysis during isoelectric solubilization/precipitation is required for the effective use of North Pacific krill. 相似文献
6.
Takahiro Kanai Kusuto Nanjo Kodai Yamane Yosuke Amano Hiroyoshi Kohno Yoshiro Watanabe Mitsuhiko Sano 《Fisheries Science》2014,80(6):1231-1239
Estuarine and marine habitat use patterns in the halfbeak Zenarchopterus dunckeri were examined at Iriomote Island, southern Japan, by analyzing otolith Li/Ca and Sr/Ca ratios. The ranges of both Li/Ca and Sr/Ca ratios in juvenile Z. dunckeri from the maximum (30 psu) to minimum (0.5 psu) salinity levels of brackish water estimated from rearing experiments, were compared with those of wild individuals collected from upstream and downstream stations in the Urauchi River estuary. The majority of wild-caught individuals had invariable Li/Ca and Sr/Ca ratios along an otolith transect from the core to the posterior edge, which fell within the otolith Li/Ca and Sr/Ca ranges estimated for estuarine individuals in the rearing experiments, suggesting that such individuals developed within the estuary without migrating to a marine environment at any time, although some downstream-dwelling fish had higher otolith elemental ratios than the predetermined estuarine ranges in the mid transect section. The latter fish may have been accidentally flushed from the estuary into the sea by heavy flood events, subsequently returning to the estuary. The overall results suggested that Z. dunckeri is essentially an estuarine resident, completing its life cycle within an estuarine system. 相似文献
7.
Itami T Tamaru N Kawase K Ishizuka T Tamura J Miyoshi K Umar MA Inoue H Yamashita K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2011,73(12):1603-1609
Cardiovascular effects of tramadol were evaluated in dogs anesthetized with sevoflurane. Six beagle dogs were anesthetized twice at 7 days interval. The minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane was earlier determined in each dog. The dogs were then anesthetized with sevoflurane at 1.3 times of predetermined individual MAC and cardiovascular parameters were evaluated before (baseline) and after an intravenous injection of tramadol (4 mg/kg). The administration of tramadol produced a transient and mild increase in arterial blood pressure (ABP) (P=0.004) with prolonged increase in systemic vascular resistance (SVR) (P<0.0001). Compared with baseline value, mean ABP increased significantly at 5 min (119% of baseline value, P=0.003), 10 min (113%, P=0.027), and 15 min (111%, P=0.022). SVR also increased significantly at 5 min (128%, P<0.0001), 10 min (121%, P=0.026), 30 min (114%, P=0.025), 45 min (113%, P=0.025) and 60 min (112%, P=0.048). Plasma concentrations of tramadol were weakly correlated with the percentage changes in mean ABP (r=0.642, P<0.0001) and SVR (r=0.646, P<0.0001). There was no significant change in heart rate, cardiac output, cardiac index, stroke volume, pulmonary arterial pressure, right atrial pressure and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure. In conclusion, the administration of tramadol produces a prolonged peripheral vascular constriction in dogs anesthetized with sevoflurane, which is accompanied with a transient and mild increase in arterial blood pressure. It also indicated that the degree of vasoconstriction might depend on the plasma concentration of tramadol. 相似文献
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9.
Sakiko Orui Sakaguchi Tetsuro Ikuta Gen Ogawa Kodai Yamane Naonobu Shiga Hiroshi Kitazato Katsunori Fujikura Kiyotaka Takishita 《Fisheries Science》2017,83(5):757-765
In a previous report, we analyzed the stomach contents of juvenile chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta by morphological observation and also by molecular identification using the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) region. However, one of the most frequently detected COI sequences could not be assigned to any specific taxon, even at the phylum level. In the present study, we conducted in situ hybridization (ISH) on the stomach contents of juvenile chum salmon using the COI sequence and polymerase chain reaction amplification of a 18S ribosomal RNA gene from the tissue sections where ISH signals were detected. As a result, the organism that was enigmatic at the phylum level was found to be an appendicularian. Moreover, Oikopleura longicauda collected from the bay where the juvenile chum salmon samples were obtained was shown to have the same COI sequences as this taxonomic “orphan” COI sequence from the stomach contents. The present results suggest that the COI sequences previously deposited in public databases for “Oikopleura” are actually derived from taxonomic groups other than appendicularians, and that this may have hampered our understanding of prey richness in the stomach or gut of certain marine animals based on DNA barcoding. 相似文献
10.
Yamane Kodai Murase Iki Shirafuji Norio Hayashi Akira Nagakura Yoshitomo Watanabe Yoshiro 《Fisheries Science》2019,85(3):407-416
Fisheries Science - To clarify nursery habitat use for larval and juvenile Pacific herring Clupea pallasii, we collected eggs, larvae, and juveniles at several sampling sites in inner Miyako Bay... 相似文献