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In extensive cattle production systems, the composition of grazing areas may significantly influence productivity. In dual-purpose cattle production systems in the lowland tropics, pasture lands with trees, so-called silvopastoral areas, are considered as being important, particularly to facilitate the management of crossbred European native cattle. The aim of the study was to quantify the effects of silvopastoral areas on production at dual-purpose cattle farms in the semi-humid lowlands of central Nicaragua. The relationships between seasonal milk production and herd data, and the proportions of land use types were examined for 74 farms by stepwise regression analysis. 相似文献
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Liviu Dr?gan Adriana Gy?rke Jorge FS Ferreira Ioan A Pop Ioan Dunca Maria Dr?gan Viorica Mircean Iosif Dan Vasile Cozma 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2014,56(1):22
Background
Intensive poultry production systems depend on chemoprophylaxis with anticoccidial drugs to combat infection. A floor-pen study was conducted to evaluate the anticoccidial effect of Artemisia annua and Foeniculum vulgare on Eimeria tenella infection. Five experimental groups were established: negative control (untreated, unchallenged); positive control (untreated, challenged); a group medicated with 125 ppm lasalocid and challenged; a group medicated with A. annua leaf powder at 1.5% in feed and challenged; and a group treated with the mixed oils of A. annua and Foeniculum vulgare in equal parts, 7.5% in water and challenged. The effects of A. annua and oil extract of A. annua + F. vulgare on E. tenella infection were assessed by clinical signs, mortality, fecal oocyst output, faeces, lesion score, weight gain, and feed conversion.Results
Clinical signs were noticed only in three chickens from the lasalocid group, six from the A. annua group, and nine from the A. annua + F. vulgare group, but were present in 19 infected chickens from the positive control group. Bloody diarrhea was registered in only two chickens from A. annua group, but in 17 chickens from the positive control group. Mortality also occurred in the positive control group (7/20). Chickens treated with A. annua had a significant reduction in faecal oocysts (95.6%; P = 0.027) and in lesion score (56.3%; P = 0.005) when compared to the positive control. At the end of experiment, chickens treated with A. annua leaf powder had the highest body weight gain (68.2 g/day), after the negative control group, and the best feed conversion (1.85) among all experimental groups.Conclusions
Our results suggest that A. annua leaf powder (Aa-p), at 1.5% of the daily diet post-infection, can be a valuable alternative for synthetic coccidiostats, such as lasalocid. 相似文献3.
球根花卉之一百合,以其球根鳞片组织为外植体进行诱导培养,经过多组合培养基对比试验,筛选出各培养阶段最适宜的培养基:诱导分化,MS 6BA3.0mg/L NAA0.2 mg/L;继代增殖,MS 6BA3.0 mg/L IAA0.1mg/L;生根培养,1/2MS IAA2.0 mg/L. 相似文献
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Steven R. James Lori Wing Ronald Knight Barbara Harrity Devid H. Lambert Bud Platt Al Reeves Bill Bohl Lind Sanford Alexander D. Pavlista Ed Plissey Richard Sawyer Joe Guenthner Willem Schrage Edward B. Radcilffe Nora Olsen Jeff Miller Rikki Sterrett Gale W. Harding Marcin Topoleweki 《American Journal of Potato Research》2000,77(6):369-390
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Joy E. Tomlinson Amit Kapoor Arvind Kumar Bud C. Tennant Melissa A. Laverack Laurie Beard Katie Delph Elizabeth Davis Harold Schott II Kara Lascola Todd C. Holbrook Philip Johnson Sandra D. Taylor Erica McKenzie Jessica Carter‐Arnold Emilie Setlakwe Lisa Fultz Jeff Brakenhoff Rebecca Ruby Sheetal Trivedi Gerlinde R. Van de Walle Randall W. Renshaw Edward J. Dubovi Thomas J. Divers 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2019,33(1):251-257
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Déléris I Lauverjat C Tréléa IC Souchon I 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(21):8681-8687
To better understand aroma release in relation to yogurt structure and perception, the apparent diffusivity of aroma compounds within complex dairy gels was determined using an experimental diffusion cell. Apparent diffusion coefficients of four aroma compounds (diacetyl, ethyl acetate, ethyl hexanoate, and linalool) at 7 degrees C in yogurts (varying in composition and structure) ranged from 0.07 x 10 (-10) to 8.91 x 10 (-10) m (2) s (-1), depending on aroma compounds and on product structure. The strong effect of yogurt fat content on the apparent diffusivity of hydrophobic compounds was revealed (15-fold and 50-fold decreases in the apparent diffusion coefficient of linalool and ethyl hexanoate, respectively). Protein composition seemed to have a greater effect than that of mechanical treatment. However, variations in the apparent diffusion coefficient for the considered products remained limited and cannot completely explain differences in flavor release and in perception that were previously observed. 相似文献
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de Loubens C Saint-Eve A Déléris I Panouillé M Doyennette M Tréléa IC Souchon I 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(6):2534-2542
The objective of this study was to develop a model to simulate salt release during eating. Salt release kinetics during eating was measured for four model dairy products with different dynamic salty perceptions. A simple in vivo model of salt release was developed to differentiate between the contribution of the individual and of the product to salt release. The most difficult model parameter to determine or predict is the evolution of the contact area between the product and the saliva. Fitting the model to the experimental data showed that the subject's masticatory performance and fracture initiation energy of the product determined the contact area between the product and the saliva generated by mastication. Finally, the role of release dynamics on sensory time-intensity profiles is discussed. 相似文献