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1.
The vaccination of foxes by distributing vaccine baits in the environment was initiated in France in 1986. Two campaigns per year were carried out: one in the spring and one in the autumn. After the spring campaigns, only 22-52% of fox cubs consumed vaccine baits compared to 75% of the adults and 70-80% of the adults or fox cubs after autumn campaigns. In order to reduce the period of time during which fox cubs do not have access to baits and are not immunised, a vaccination campaign was organised during the summer of 1992 over a contaminated area of 25,748 km2 where vaccines had never previously been given. Vaccine bait stability was assessed during the same summer in the field and their appetence tested on captive foxes. The efficacy of the campaign was evaluated by the relative decrease in rabies incidence and the rate of bait uptake by foxes compared to those from neighbouring areas vaccinated for the first time with the same vaccine during the spring or autumn. Summer vaccination significantly increased (P < 0.01) bait uptake by fox cubs (71%) compared with spring vaccination (39%), but no significant difference was observed for adult foxes. Moreover, the decrease in rabies incidence, measured during the 6-month period following the campaigns was less pronounced after summer vaccination (49% decrease) than when the first vaccination was carried out during the spring or autumn (79 and 72% decrease, respectively). Three campaigns led to an apparent elimination of rabies when the first campaign was performed in the spring or autumn, but only to a 76% decrease in rabies incidence density index when the first campaign was performed during the summer. The high thermostability of the Raboral VRG bait permits its use during the summer for an emergency campaign. For routine vaccination plans, however, the classical calendar of spring and autumn vaccination campaigns should continue to be preferred. 相似文献
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Thorleifsson G Magnusson KP Sulem P Walters GB Gudbjartsson DF Stefansson H Jonsson T Jonasdottir A Jonasdottir A Stefansdottir G Masson G Hardarson GA Petursson H Arnarsson A Motallebipour M Wallerman O Wadelius C Gulcher JR Thorsteinsdottir U Kong A Jonasson F Stefansson K 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,317(5843):1397-1400
Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness. A genome-wide search yielded multiple single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the 15q24.1 region associated with glaucoma. Further investigation revealed that the association is confined to exfoliation glaucoma (XFG). Two nonsynonymous SNPs in exon 1 of the gene LOXL1 explain the association, and the data suggest that they confer risk of XFG mainly through exfoliation syndrome (XFS). About 25% of the general population is homozygous for the highest-risk haplotype, and their risk of suffering from XFG is more than 100 times that of individuals carrying only low-risk haplotypes. The population-attributable risk is more than 99%. The product of LOXL1 catalyzes the formation of elastin fibers found to be a major component of the lesions in XFG. 相似文献
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After a short period of tachyphylaxis, there is a marked and sustained enhancement of pressor re sponses to renin and angiotensin during chronic administration of renin. 相似文献
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Twenty-four hours of pre-treatment with AgNO3 increased the vase-life of flowers from 3 to 4 days for carnations kept in water or in preservative solutions after simulated transport conditions. A mixture of AgNO3 with sodium thiosulphate or with EDTA was considerably better than AgNO3, while such complexing agents as CDTA, EDDHA and EDPA were less effective. Determination of radioactive silver (Ag) in dissected carnation parts treated with different Ag complexes showed a positive correlation between vase-life and the amount of tracer Ag in the plants. 相似文献
7.
Dabrin A. Bégorre C. Bretier M. Dugué V. Masson M. Le Bescond C. Le Coz J. Coquery M. 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2021,21(2):1256-1274
Journal of Soils and Sediments - Suspended particulate matter (SPM) transport through rivers is a major vector of nutrients and pollutants to continental shelf areas. To develop efficient sediment... 相似文献
8.
Jacques Delabie Christian Bos Caroline Fonta Claudine Masson 《Pest management science》1985,16(4):409-415
Cypermethrin is highly toxic to the honeybee Apis mellifera ligustica. The action of the chemical is rapid (within 2 days) and it has no long-term effects. The sensitivity of the bees increases with decrease in breeding temperature and with increasing age of the insect. The commercial formulation ‘QCymbush’ is repellent to bees: the effect appears to be due to the formulation ingredients because cypermethrin itself is not repellent. A floral odour lost its natural attractiveness in the presence of ‘Cymbush’. The repellency appears to persist for some 2 days after treatment, during which time the bees learnt to avoid the crop. No residues of cypermethrin were found in the hive products (pollen, wax or honey), nor in the oilseed rape at harvest. 相似文献
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G Wittlinger P Tapponnier G Poupinet J Mei S Danian G Herquel F Masson 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1998,282(5386):74-76
Seismic tomography across the Altyn Tagh fault, at the north edge of the Tibetan Plateau, reveals a low P-wave velocity anomaly below the fault down to 140 kilometers. This anomaly probably reflects strike-slip shear in the lithosphere. Slip-partitioning may also induce a wedge of crust from the Tarim Basin to plunge into the mantle. 相似文献