药物去势与手术去势对公仔猪断奶重和70日龄重影响的比较

通过对10日龄的公仔猪进行浓碘酊药物去势与手术去势的比较试验,研究浓碘酊药物去势的效果及其对公仔猪增重的影响。结果表明:药物去势的猪只在术后5～6周阴囊收缩完全,睾丸萎缩丧失其生理功能,去势效果好;手术去势的猪只在术后2周创伤基本痊愈,但有少数猪只因出现感染而延迟痊愈;两种去势方法对公仔猪断奶和70日龄体重的影响均没有显著差异。     

小豆抗锈病诱导剂的筛选

Four common inducers, salicylic acid (SA), 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), benzothiadiazole (BTH) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA), were selected to evaluate the effects of inducers on the resistance of adzuki bean to rust by investigating urediospores germination and the adzuki bean resistance to Uromyces vignae. The results showed that four inducers had no effects on the urediospores germination. However, they can significantly induce adzuki bean resistance to U. vignae. Among these four inducers, 0.25 mg·mL^-1 ACC can significantly reduce the disease index, which was 45.06% lower than the control. Aditionally, seedlings treated with ACC exhibited a typical "triple reaction", which indicated that this induced resistance may relate with the endogenous ethylene biosynthesis in adzuki bean. Then the adzuki bean seedlings were treated with an ethylene receptor inhibitor, 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) alone or combined with ACC. The results showed that 1-MCP alone had no significant effect on the growth and rust resistance of adzuki bean. However, 1-MCP could eliminate the "triple reaction" and did not affect the induced resistance caused by ACC when it used combined with ACC. Results obtained in current study suggested that ACC can significantly induce the resistance of adzuki bean to the rust. Moreover, we speculate that ACC-induced rust resistance of adzuki bean may not depend on ethylene signaling pathway.     

玉米弯孢叶斑病菌RhoGAP基因家族的全基因组鉴定与生物信息学分析

RhoGAPs(GTPase activating proteins)通过与Rho GTP酶结合,促使GTP酶水解成Rho GDP无活状态,在生物体中调控着重要的生物学功能。在全基因组上对玉米弯孢叶斑病菌(C.lunata)中RhoGAP基因家族成员进行鉴定,对其序列特征分析。结果表明,玉米弯孢叶斑病菌(C.lunata)有5个RhoGAP基因家族成员,分布在5不同的Scaffold上,其基因结构分析显示,外显子和内含子大小与位置均不一样,表现出复杂的基因结构。序列比对和系统进化分析发现,5个RhoGAP氨基酸序列与其他真菌来源的RhoGAP一样具有特征性保守序列区,与粗糙脉胞菌(N.crassa)和小麦黄斑叶斑病菌(P.tritici-repentis)的RhoGAP蛋白关系密切,其亲缘关系最近。     

3种种衣剂对芸豆根腐病的防治效果

为了筛选对芸豆根腐病安全有效的药剂,开展了3种种衣剂对芸豆的室内安全性和根腐病田间防治效果研究。结果表明,25%噻虫·咯·霜灵悬浮种衣剂、25g/L咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂和38%多·福·克悬浮种衣剂在试验设定的包衣药种比下处理种子,对芸豆种子发芽和秧苗生长安全;田间试验结果表明,在芸豆出苗后10d,25g/L咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂和25%噻虫·咯·霜灵各处理的防效均在80%以上,其中药种比为2g/kg的25g/L咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂处理的防病效果最好,达到92.92%。芸豆出苗后30d,药种比为2g/kg的25%噻虫·咯·霜灵悬浮种衣剂的防病效果最好,为59.83%,且考种期测产结果表明,增产幅度达29.43%。但25g/L咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂处理防治效果持效期较短,芸豆出苗30d后防效均降到50%以下且产量增幅较低。综上所述,25%噻虫·咯·霜灵悬浮种衣剂对芸豆根腐病防治效果最好且安全。     

小豆抗锈病诱导剂的筛选

<正>由豇豆单胞锈(Uromyces vignae)引起的小豆锈病是我国小豆生产中的重要病害之一[1,2],在中国华北及东北地区发生严重,可造成严重的产量损失[3]。当前小豆锈病的防治主要依赖化学药剂,但长期使用化学药剂存在残留、破坏生态等弊端。因此寻找绿色可持续的防控措施越来越受到人们的关注。利用外源诱导剂诱导植物抗性是一种潜在的病害防控措施[4]。目前,已有超过30种的植物被证实可被诱导产生抗病性[5]。但在诱导小豆抗锈病方面的研究报道尚     

玉米致病菌新月弯孢漆酶基因家族鉴定与分子结构特征分析

漆酶在真菌的孢子分裂、子实体分化、黑色素生成、木质素降解酶和病菌致病中均起重要作用。采用生物信息学的方法,在玉米致病菌新月弯孢基因组基础上对漆酶基因家族成员进行了鉴定和序列特征分析,结果表明玉米致病菌新月弯孢共有8个漆酶基因,分布在6个不同的scaffolds上,其漆酶基因结构显示外显子和内含子大小与位置都不一样,表现出复杂的基因结构。序列比对和系统发育分析发现,8个漆酶氨基酸序列与其他真菌来源漆酶一样具有4个特征保守序列区,位于系统发育树的2个不同分支上,表明玉米致病菌新月弯孢漆酶可能与其他真菌的漆酶具有相似的进化关系和功能。