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Mustafa Odabasi Abdurrahman Bayram Tolga Elbir Remzi Seyfioglu Yetkin Dumanoglu Sermin Ornektekin 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2010,213(1-4):375-388
The spatial distribution of several air pollutants emitted from iron–steel industries in Hatay-Iskenderun industrial region in Turkey was investigated by measuring their concentrations in soil. Collected soil samples (n?=?20) were analyzed for persistent organic pollutants (POPs; i.e., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, and polychlorinated naphthalenes), anions, and trace elements. Generally, all measured POP concentrations and marker trace elements for iron–steel industry (Zn, Pb, and Cu) were high relative to those reported previously for rural and urban areas around the world, and they were comparable to those measured recently in a similar industrial region (Aliaga, Izmir, Turkey). For all investigated POPs, elements, and anions, the highest concentrations were measured at points located north of the iron–steel industries where their emissions are transported by the prevailing southerly winds. The spatial distribution and levels of POPs, elemental, and anionic concentrations indicated that the iron–steel plants in Hatay-Iskenderun region are important sources for these pollutants. Statistically significant relationships between several organic and inorganic pollutants further confirmed that they are emitted by common sources (iron–steel plants). 相似文献
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The purpose of this study was to determine whether gilthead sea bream and sea bass treated with combination of trimethoprim
and sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) differed in terms of physiological and innate immune biomarkers. Fish were exposed to TMP-SMX
at 40 ppm concentration for 1 h as a prophylactic usage. Plasma cortisol, glucose, electrolytes (Ca, P, Na, K, Cl, and Mg)
as well as plasma lysozyme activity, C-reactive protein (CRP), and ceruloplasmin (Cp) were measured soon after treatment and
following 24 and 48 h in normal sea water for recovery. Treatment with TMP-SMX in both gilthead sea bream and sea bass led
to an increase in plasma cortisol and glucose. Fluctuations in some electrolytes were found after treatment and during recovery
period, however, the ratios of monovalent ions in treated sea bream were similar to control. Hematocrit values as well as
plasma lysozyme activity in gilthead sea bream and sea bass were not affected by the treatment. CRP in gilthead sea bream
and Cp in sea bass responded to the treatment with decreased levels. Both gilthead sea bream and sea bass displayed a rapid
physiological stress response and sensitivity to TMP-SMX exposure, which requires more than 48-h period for regaining homeostasis. 相似文献
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The chemical composition of precipitation in the city of Mersin on the Mediterranean coast of Turkey has been studied. Spatial and temporal variability of rainwater constituents have been determined from samples collected at two central and two suburban stations for the December 2003–May 2005 period. A total of 246 samples covering all precipitation events were analyzed to determine pH, conductivity, as well as major anion (Cl?, ${\text{NO}}_3^ - $ , ${\text{SO}}_4^{2 - } $ ); major cation (H+, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, ${\text{NH}}_4^ + $ ) and formaldehyde (HCHO) concentrations. The pH varied within a range of 4.8–8.5, with only 8 out of 246 samples being acidic (pH?<?5.6), and the remaining highly alkaline samples being neutralized by either ${\text{NH}}_4^ + $ in rainwater, or by CaCO3 resulting from wet deposition of atmospheric dust. The volume weighted mean ΣAnion/ΣCation ratio was 0.49. The equivalent concentration of major ionic species followed the order: ${\text{Ca}}^{2 + } > {\text{HCO}}_3^ - > {\text{SO}}_4^{2 - } > {\text{Cl}}^ - > {\text{NH}}_4^ + > {\text{Na}}^ + > {\text{Mg}}^{2 + } > {\text{NO}}_3^ - > {\text{K}}^ + > {\text{H}}^ + $ . Formaldehyde concentrations varied in the range of 0.01–17.9 μM, and was found to be dependent on precipitation volume. Relatively higher ${\text{NH}}_4^ + $ , ${\text{SO}}_4^{2 - } $ , ${\text{NO}}_3^ - $ and HCHO concentrations, mainly of anthropogenic origin, measured near the city center suggest increased pollution from local anthropogenic sources, e.g., residential heating, industrial and/or traffic emissions. In general, the results of this study suggest local precipitation chemistry is more strongly influenced by natural (mineral dust and marine) sources compared to anthropogenic ones. 相似文献
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Melih Ertan inar Jean‐Pierre Fral Christos Arvanitidis Romain David Ergün Takin Maria Sini Thanos Dailianis Alper Doan Vasilis Gerovasileiou Alper Evcen Anne Chenuil Ertan Dali Veysel Aysel Yannis Issaris Kerem Bakir Melina Nalmpant Stephane Sartoretto Maria Salomidi Anastasia Sapouna Sermin Aik Charalampos Dimitriadis Drosos Koutsoubas Tuncer Kataan Bilal
ztürk Ferah Koak Deniz Erdogan‐Dereli Senem
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zgen Neslihan Türkü Fevzi Kirkim Mesut
nen 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2020,30(8):1578-1594
- 1. The coralligenous habitat was studied at the large Mediterranean scale, by applying a standardized, non‐destructive photo‐sampling protocol, developed in the framework of the CIGESMED project.
- 2. The results provided evidence to support the following statements: (a) the assemblage pattern is not homogeneously distributed across the four Mediterranean ecoregions studied (biotic gradients hypothesis); and (b) the assemblage pattern does not change significantly when the information is aggregated to higher taxonomic levels (taxonomic sufficiency hypothesis).
- 3. Surrogate taxonomic categories higher than species, such as genus and family, can be used to reveal the multivariate pattern of the coralligenous assemblages.
- 4. Although preliminary at the pan‐Mediterranean scale, these outcomes set the scene for future comparisons as more data sets become available but also for comparisons between taxonomic and functional patterns.
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Surface metrics: an alternative to patch metrics for the quantification of landscape structure 总被引:6,自引:3,他引:3
Modern landscape ecology is based on the patch mosaic paradigm, in which landscapes are conceptualized and analyzed as mosaics
of discrete patches. While this model has been widely successful, there are many situations where it is more meaningful to
model landscape structure based on continuous rather than discrete spatial heterogeneity. The growing field of surface metrology
offers a variety of surface metrics for quantifying landscape gradients, yet these metrics are largely unknown and/or unused
by landscape ecologists. In this paper, we describe a suite of surface metrics with potential for landscape ecological application.
We assessed the redundancy among metrics and sought to find groups of similarly behaved metrics by examining metric performance
across 264 sample landscapes in western Turkey. For comparative purposes and to evaluate the robustness of the observed patterns,
we examined 16 different patch mosaic models and 18 different landscape gradient models of landscape structure. Surface metrics
were highly redundant, but less so than patch metrics, and consistently aggregated into four cohesive clusters of similarly
behaved metrics representing surface roughness, shape of the surface height distribution, and angular and radial surface texture.
While the surface roughness metrics have strong analogs among the patch metrics, the other surface components are largely
unique to landscape gradients. We contend that the surface properties we identified are nearly universal and have potential
to offer new insights into landscape pattern–process relationships.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
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