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Cesar Ricardo Arruda Fernanda Ramiro Vanessa Faria Roberto Barcelos Daniel Pontes Fernanda Passos Fabiano Kaiser Karoline dos Santos Teixeira Aline Maria Serrano Aline Abreu Leticia Siqueira Danielle Teixeira Matheus Vezzone Mariana Polivanov Helena Castilhos Zuleica 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2022,22(2):547-558
Journal of Soils and Sediments - This study consists of the evaluation of metals acute toxicity levels taking into consideration a hypothetic scenario of dam breaking and land deposition of two... 相似文献
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Rasoul Yousefpour Jette Bredahl Jacobsen Bo Jellesmark Thorsen Henrik Meilby Marc Hanewinkel Karoline Oehler 《Annals of Forest Science》2012,69(1):1-15
• Context
This review paper provides an overview of approaches to which we may resort for handling the complex decision problems involving uncertainty and risk that climate change implies for forest managers. Modelling approaches that could support adaptive management strategies seem to be called for, not only as climate change denotes increased economic uncertainty but also because new and more reliable information becomes available as time passes and climate changes. 相似文献4.
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Wustenberghs H Delcour I D'Haene K Lauwers L Marchand F Steurbaut W Spanoghe P 《Pest management science》2012,68(8):1130-1140
BACKGROUND: Farmers are being called to use plant protection products (PPPs) more consciously and adopt more sustainable crop protection strategies. Indicators will help farmers to monitor their progress towards sustainability and will support their learning process. Talking the indicators through in farmers' discussion groups and the resulting peer encouragement will foster knowledge acquirement and can lead to changes in attitudes, norms, perception and behaviour. RESULTS: Using a participatory approach, a conceptual framework for on‐farm sustainable crop protection practices was created. The same participatory approach was used to design a dual indicator set, which pairs a pesticide impact assessment system (PIAS) with a farm inquiry. The PIAS measures the risk for human health and the environment exerted by chemical crop protection. The inquiry reveals the farmers' response to this risk, both in terms of the actions they take and their knowledge, awareness and attitude. CONCLUSIONS: The dual indicator set allows for implementation in four tiers, each representing increased potential for monitoring and social learning. The indicator set can be adjusted on the basis of new findings, and the participatory approach can be extrapolated to other situations. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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Hiam Marcon Luiz G. Griss Vitor L. Molosse Bruno G.O. Cecere Davi F. Alba Karoline W. Leal Gabriela M. Galli Carine F. Souza Matheus D. Baldissera Samanta Gundel Vitria de A. Bassotto Aline F. Ourique Marcelo Vedovatto Aleksandro S. Da Silva 《动物营养(英文)》2021,7(2):521
Curcumin-containing nanocapsule powder formulations have not been used in ruminant feed to date, despite the fact that curcumin is known to be a functional food additive. The objective of this study was to determine whether ethyl polymethacrylate (Eudragit L-100) nanocapsules loaded with curcumin (N-CU) would improve health and growth of lambs. Thirty-two male Lacaune lambs (body weight [BW] = 16 ± 0.99 kg; 45 d of age) were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatments: T0, T1, T2 and T4, representing supplementation of curcumin at 0, 1, 2, and 4 mg/kg concentrate, respectively. The animals in each treatment were allocated in 4 pens of 2 lambs each (8 lambs per treatment). The experiment lasted 17 d, with samples and measurements collected on d 0, 7, 12, and 17. The T2 lambs had greater average daily gain than T0 lambs. Regression analysis showed that the ideal dose of N-CU to enhance weight gain was 1.89 mg/kg concentrate. There were significant interactions (P < 0.05) between treatments × time for hematological variables, particularly for increases in erythrocytes (T2) and reductions in counts of leukocytes, neutrophils, and lymphocytes in T1 and T2. There were significant interactions between treatment × time for total protein, globulin, urea, and triglyceride levels. Stimulation of the antioxidant system was also observed. There were increased levels of non-protein thiols (NPSH), as well as increased activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in the supplemented animals. Levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were lower in the serum of supplemented lambs. In general, the 4 mg/kg dose had no positive effects on growth or health. This was an unexpected result, given the known properties of curcumin. Taken together, these findings suggest that addition of low concentrations of nanoencapsulated curcumin (T1 and T2) in lamb feed improves health, minimizing oxidative stress and generates anti-inflammatory effects that may have contributed indirectly to greater weight gain. Nanocapsules potentiate the effects of curcumin and may emerge as a new tool in animal nutrition. 相似文献
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Maike HEPPELMANN Karoline KRACH Lars KRUEGER Philipp BENZ Kathrin HERZOG Marion PIECHOTTA Martina HOEDEMAKER Heinrich BOLLWEIN 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2015,61(6):565-569
The objective of this study was to examine the effects of metritis and subclinical hypocalcemia on reduction
of uterine size in dairy cows using ultrasonography and sonomicrometry. Four piezoelectric crystals were
implanted via laparotomy into the myometrium of the pregnant uterine horn of 12 pluriparous Holstein Friesian
cows 3 weeks before the calculated calving date. Sonometric measurements were conducted daily from 2 days
before parturition (= Day 0) until Day 14 after calving and then every other day until Day 28. Distances
between adjacent crystals were expressed in relation to reference values obtained before calving. The diameter
of the formerly pregnant uterine horn was measured using transrectal B-Mode sonography starting on Day 10.
Cows were retrospectively divided into the following groups: cows without metritis (M–; n = 7), cows with
metritis (M+; n = 5), cows with normocalcemia (SH–; Ca > 2.0 mmol/l on Days 1 to 3; n = 5) and cows with
subclinical hypocalcemia (SH+; Ca < 2.0 mmol/l in at least one sample between Days 1 and 3; n = 7).
Metritis did not affect (P > 0.05) sonometric measurements, but the diameter of the formerly pregnant horn
was larger (P ≤ 0.05) between Days 15 and 21 in M+ cows than in M‒ cows. Reduction in uterine length in
hypocalcemic cows was delayed (P ≤ 0.05) between Days 8 and 21 compared with normocalcemic cows, but the
uterine horn diameter was not related to calcium status. In conclusion, both diseases affected reduction of
uterine size until Day 28. Cows with metritis had a larger uterine diameter, possibly attributable to
accumulation of lochia, and cows with subclinical hypocalcemia had delayed reduction of uterine length,
presumably related to reduction of myometrial contractility. 相似文献
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Luca Lo Verso Kristina Dumont Martin Lessard Karoline Lauzon Chantale Provost Carl A Gagnon Younes Chorfi Frdric Guay 《Journal of animal science》2021,99(9)
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of grading levels of deoxynivalenol (DON) in the diet of weaned pigs, as well as the effects of a supplementation with antioxidants (AOX), hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicates (HSCAS), and their combination on the growth, AOX status, and immune and vaccine responses against the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2). At weaning, 336 piglets were allocated to six dietary treatments according to a randomized complete block design. Treatments were as follows: basal diet (CTRL); basal diet containing DON at 1.2 mg/kg (DON1.2); basal diet containing DON at 2.4 mg/kg (DON2.4); DON2.4 diet + a mix of AOX which included vitamins A and E at 20,000 IU and 200 IU/kg feed respectively, selenized yeast at 0.3 mg/kg, and a grape seed extracts at 100 mg/kg feed (DON2.4 + AOX); DON2.4 diet + the mix of AOX and the modified HSCAS mentioned above (DON2.4 + AOX + HSCAS); DON2.4 + AOX + HSCAS. Pigs were vaccinated against PRRSV and PCV2 at 7 d; on 0, 14, and 35 d, growth performance was recorded, and blood samples were collected in order to evaluate the oxidative status, inflammatory blood markers, lymphocyte blastogenic response, and vaccine antibody response. Increasing intake of DON resulted in a quadratic effect at 35 d in the lymphocyte proliferative response to concanavalin A and PCV2 as well as in the anti-PRRSV antibody response, whereas the catalase activity decreased in DON2.4 pigs compared with the CTRL and DON1.2 groups (P ≤ 0.05). Compared with the DON2.4 diet, the AOX supplementation slightly reduced gain to feed ratio (P = 0.026) and increased the ferric reducing ability of plasma as well as α-tocopherol concentration (P < 0.05), whereas the association of AOX + HSCAS increased the anti-PRRSV IgG (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the HSCAS supplement reduced haptoglobin levels in serum at 14 d compared with the DON2.4 group; however, its concentration decreased in all the experimental treatments from 14 to 35 d and particularly in the DON2.4 + AOX pigs, whereas a different trend was evidenced in the DON2.4 + HSCAS group, where over the same period haptoglobin concentration increased (P < 0.05). Overall, our results show that the addition of AOX and HSCAS in the diet may alleviate the negative effects due to DON contamination on the AOX status and immune response of vaccinated weanling pigs. 相似文献
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