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1.
Spermatic and oxidative profile of domestic cat (Felis catus) epididymal sperm subjected to different cooling times (24, 48 and 72 hours) 下载免费PDF全文
DSR Angrimani KK Nagai BR Rui LC Bicudo JDA Losano MM Brito MCP Francischini M Nichi 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2018,53(1):163-170
Cooling stored epididymal samples for several days allows facilities to transport and process genetic material post‐mortem. Improvements to this practice allow the preservation of sperm from domestic cats, which are the ideal study model for wild felids. However, the modifications in spermatic features and the oxidative profile are not fully understood in cats. This information is necessary for the development of biotechniques, such as new extenders for cryopreservation. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the spermatic and oxidative profile in samples from the epididymal cauda of domestic cats cooled at 5°C for 24, 48 and 72 hr. Spermatozoa were collected from the epididymis cauda. Evaluations consisted of computer‐assisted sperm analysis (CASA), plasma membrane integrity (eosin/nigrosin), acrosome integrity (fast green/rose bengal), sperm morphology, sperm DNA integrity (toluidine blue), mitochondrial activity (3′3 diaminobenzidine), activity of the antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), measurement of lipid peroxidation (TBARS) and protein oxidation. A decrease in sperm motility parameters was observed after 72 hr of cooling (i.e. total and progressive) with a higher percentage of minor (37.7 ± 6.3%) and total defects (53.4 ± 6.3%). Additionally, a decrease in high mitochondrial activity (Class I: 16.6 ± 2.2%) occurred after 72 hr. The decrease in motility rates after a long cooling time probably was caused by the increase in sperm abnormalities. A long cooling time causes cold shock and mitochondrial exhaustion, but there was no observed change with the oxidative stress condition. Therefore, cat epididymal sperm stored at 5°C appear to maintain a high quality for up to 48 hr of cooling time. 相似文献
2.
A fast,low‐cost and efficient method for the diagnosis of sperm DNA fragmentation in several species 下载免费PDF全文
BR Rui DSR Angrimani LC Bicudo JDA Losano M Nichi RJG Pereira 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2018,53(1):171-175
Sperm DNA fragmentation is a condition that interferes directly in the reproductive efficiency. Currently, there are several methods for assessing the sperm DNA integrity, such as Alkaline Comet, TUNEL and Sperm Chromatin Structure Assay. However, many of these techniques are laborious and require high‐precision equipment. Thus, the development of new techniques can optimize the evaluation of sperm DNA damage. Therefore, the aim of this study was to standardize the toluidine blue (TB) stain technique for the analysis of DNA fragmentation of dog, cat, bull, stallion and ram spermatozoa. For this purpose, we used six animals of each specie (n = 30), in reproductive age. Sperm was collected by different methods according to the particularities of each species, and such samples were divided into two aliquots: a sperm sample was kept at 5°C (considered as intact sperm DNA), and the remaining samples were submitted to the induction of DNA fragmentation by exposure to ultraviolet light for 4 hr. Samples were then mixed with the intact sample to obtain known and progressive proportions of sperm with fragmented DNA (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%). Semen smears were performed and subjected to staining with TB. Blue‐stained spermatozoa were considered to have DNA fragmentation. We observed high linear regression coefficients between the expected proportion of damaged DNA and the results of TB for dog, cat, ram, bull and stallion samples. In conclusion, TB stain was considered a fast and effective technique for the study of spermatozoa DNA in several species. 相似文献
3.
Water soluble polysaccharides from Norway spruce, Scots pine, and Siberian larch were compared. For all species the total amount of polysaccharides isolated from the heartwood was higher than that from the sapwood. The heartwood polysaccharides had a high content of galactose and arabinose units, and some glucuronic acid units, suggesting the presence of acidic arabinogalactans. The total amounts of recovered water-soluble arabinogalactans were 1.9 mg/g for spruce heartwood, 5.3 mg/g for pine heartwood, and as much as 106 mg/g for larch heartwood. The other water-soluble polysaccharides were mainly glucomannans. The average ratio of Gal:Ara:GlcA in the water-soluble arabinogalactans of spruce heartwood was about 4.3:1:1, pine heartwood about 4.5:1:0.2, and larch heartwood about 6.7:1:0.1. The corresponding molar ratios then being about 3.6:1:0.8 for spruce, 3.8:1:0.2 for pine, and 5.6:1:0.08 for larch. Thus, the content of glucuronic acid units was especially high in the spruce heartwood arabinogalactans. The content of arabinose was slightly higher in spruce and pine than in larch heartwood arabinogalactans. 相似文献
4.
Suvi P. Pietarinen Stefan M. Willför Markku O. Ahotupa Jarl E. Hemming Bjarne R. Holmbom 《Journal of Wood Science》2006,52(5):436-444
The antioxidant properties of hydrophilic extracts of knotwood of several industrially important tree species were evaluated
by lipid-peroxidation inhibition and peroxyl-trapping capacity tests. The results were compared with the antioxidant properties
of hydrophilic extracts of bark, and pure lignans and flavonoids isolated from knotwood extracts. The knot extracts from several
tree species were stronger antioxidants than the bark extracts, which can, however, also be classified as strong antioxidants.
In addition, the antioxidant properties of most of the knotwood extracts are stronger than the pure compounds. It is concluded
that knotwood is a rich source of natural antioxidants. 相似文献
5.
Chemical composition of earlywood and latewood in Norway spruce heartwood,sapwood and transition zone wood 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This study focused on the distribution of wood components along a cross section of a spruce stem. Thin samples of earlywood and latewood were analysed by special micro-scale analytical techniques. Heartwood contained significantly more lignin and less cellulose than sapwood. The total content of hemicelluloses was the same along the radial direction, but the distribution of sugar units differed. The amounts of arabinoglucuronoxylan and pectins were larger in the heartwood. The transition zone between heartwood and sapwood had a specific composition, with less lignin and lipophilic extractives than heartwood and sapwood. For earlywood and latewood, significant differences were found in the distribution of sugar units in hemicelluloses. Latewood contained clearly more galactoglucomannan than earlywood, and conversely less pectins. The lipophilic extractives were also less concentrated in the latewood.Abbreviations EW or E earlywood - LW or L latewood - HW heartwood - SW sapwood - TZ transition zone wood - A.R. annual ring - AcBr Acetyl bromide - Ara arabinose - Xyl xylose - Gal galactose - Glc glucose - Man mannose - Rha rhamnose - GlcA glucuronic acid - MGlcA 4-O-methyl-glucuronic acid - GalA galacturonic acid - o.d. oven dry 相似文献
6.
Agreement of high definition oscillometry with direct arterial blood pressure measurement at different blood pressure ranges in horses under general anaesthesia 下载免费PDF全文
ObjectiveTo determine the agreement of high definition oscillometry (HDO) with direct arterial blood pressure measurements in normotensive, hypotensive and hypertensive horses during general anaesthesia.Study designExperimental study.AnimalsSeven healthy warmblood horses, aged 3–11 years, weighing 470–565 kg.MethodsMeasurements from a HDO device with the cuff placed around the base of the tail were compared with pressures measured invasively from the facial artery. High blood pressures were induced by intravenous (IV) administration of dobutamine (5 μg kg−1 minute−1) over ten minutes followed by norepinephrine (0.1 mg kg−1 IV) and low pressures by increasing the inspired fraction of isoflurane and administration of nitroglycerine (0.05 mg kg−1 IV). For analysis three pressure levels were determined: high (MAP>110 mmHg), normal (60 mmHg
7.
The effect of footrot on body weight and wool growth of sheep 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Body weight and traits associated with production of wool were measured over a 2-year period between 1985 and 1987 in south-western New South Wales in a flock of Merino wethers experimentally infected with footrot. The disease was allowed to spread freely amongst 150 of the flock but kept at very low prevalence in the remaining 50 by preventive footbathing during transmission periods. Severe, underrunning footrot had a significant adverse effect on body weight, for each year of the trial. Body weight was most severely reduced at times of the year when footrot was spreading among animals and lesions were severe. The mean body weight of the infected group at the end of the 2 years of observation was 7.3 kg (11.6%) below that of the control group. Footrot also depressed wool growth, with the mean clean fleece weight of the infected group being 0.4 kg (8%) lighter than that of the controls at each of the 2 annual shearings. There were no consistent differences between the groups for the other wool characteristics measured. 相似文献
8.
Elena N. Tokareva Andrey V. Pranovich Bjarne R. Holmbom 《Wood Science and Technology》2011,45(4):767-785
Different model compounds for lignin, hemicelluloses and pectins were studied by time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectrometry
(ToF–SIMS). Mass spectra of Klason lignin from normal and compression spruce wood, aspen wood and wheat straw were compared.
Spectra of brominated spruce and aspen wood sections showed fragment ions attributed to brominated guaiacyl and syringyl units
in lignin at m/z 215, 217, 229 and 231, and m/z 245, 247, 249 and 261, respectively. Spectra of mono-, oligo- and polysaccharides
showed fragment ions at m/z 127 and 145 characteristic for hexose units, and ions at m/z 115 and 133 characteristic for pentose
units. The same ions were detected in spectra of delignified spruce and aspen wood sections. Labelling of anionic groups by
Sr2+ ions followed by ToF–SIMS analysis showed that pectins were present at specific locations on the surfaces of spruce and aspen
wood sections still after delignification with hydrogen peroxide in acetic acid. 相似文献
9.
Liza Wittenberg-Voges Sabine BR. Kästner Marja Raekallio Outi M. Vainio Karl Rohn Klaus Hopster 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2018,45(2):165-174
Objective
To compare the effects of MK-467 during isoflurane anaesthesia combined with xylazine or dexmedetomidine on global and gastrointestinal perfusion parameters.Study design
Prospective, randomized experimental trial.Animals
A total of 15 warmblood horses.Methods
Horses were divided into two groups for administration of either dexmedetomidine (D) or xylazine (X) for premedication (D: 3.5 μg kg?1; X: 0.5 mg kg?1) and as constant rate infusion during isoflurane anaesthesia (D: 7 μg kg?1 hour?1; X: 1 mg kg?1 hour?1). During anaesthesia, heart rate, mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI) and cardiac index (CI) were measured. Microperfusion of the colon, jejunum and stomach was measured using laser Doppler flowmetry. After 2 hours of stabilization, MK-467 (250 μg kg?1) was administered, and measurements were continued for another 90 minutes. For statistical analysis, the permutation test and Wilcoxon rank-sum test were used (p < 0.05).Results
There were no differences in baseline measurements between groups. The MK-467 bolus resulted in a significant decrease in MAP (D: –58%; X: –48%) and SVRI (D: –68%; X: –65%) lasting longer in group D (90 minutes) compared to group X (60 minutes). While CI increased (D: +31%; X: +35%), microperfusion was reduced in the colon (D: –44%; X: –34%), jejunum (D: –26%; X: –33%) and stomach (D: –37%; X: –35%).Conclusions and clinical relevance
Alpha-2-agonist induced vasoconstriction was reversed by the MK-467 dose used, resulting in hypotension and rise in CI. Gastrointestinal microperfusion decreased, probably as a result of insufficient perfusion pressure. An infusion rate for MK-467 as well as an ideal agonist/antagonist ratio should be determined. 相似文献10.