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El Gataa Zakaria El Hanafi Samira Basheer Fadil Kehel Zakaria bouhouch Yassin El Messoadi Khalil Eddakir Kenza Ladraa Nawel Samir Karima Tadesse Wuletaw 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2021,24(4):361-373
Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology - Abiotic stress, especially drought and heat, affects cereal yields and wheat production worldwide, more particularly in West and South Asia, North... 相似文献
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Taissir Abou Al Fadil Alain Jauneau Yves Martinez Martina Rickauer Grégory Dechamp-Guillaume 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2009,124(1):93-103
Phoma macdonaldii, the causal agent of black stem disease of sunflower (Helianthus annuus), also attacks roots and collars of the plants, resulting in early death. Totally resistant lines do not exist for infection
of the aerial parts, but tolerant lines have been characterised. This paper presents a study on colonisation of a partially
resistant and a susceptible sunflower line by P. macdonaldii. The fungus was transformed with a constitutively expressed reporter gene encoding the jellyfish green fluorescent protein
via Agrobacterium tumefaciens, and colonisation of sunflower roots by this transformed strain was studied by various microscopy techniques including confocal
and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that penetration of the fungus into the root occurred through natural fissures
or through the epidermis and was similar in both lines. In contrast, the colonisation rate of the stele was reduced in the
partially resistant line, and the morphology of the fungal hyphae was also affected. The effect on hyphal morphology was strongest
in the stele, indicating a localised production of defence compounds in this line. 相似文献
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Al-Afaleq AI Hussein MF Al-Naeem AA Housawi F Kabati AG 《Tropical animal health and production》2012,44(7):1535-1539
Serological prevalence of IgG antibodies against Rift Valley fever (RVFV) virus was investigated in 22 major localities in five different regions of Saudi Arabia where vaccination against RVF virus (RVFV) is not practiced. The study excludes the southwestern region where a major outbreak of RVF occurred in 2000 and where annual vaccination of ruminants is practiced. Sheep and goat IgG-sandwich ELISA were used to test serum samples from sheep and goats, and bovine IgG-sandwich ELISA was used to test cattle sera. A nonspecies-specific, nonantibody isotype-specific ELISA was used to test camel sera. A total of 3,480 sheep, goats, cattle and camels with no previous history of vaccination against RVFV were randomly tested. All tested animals were negative for IgG class antibodies against the virus except four out of 1,508 sheep and three out of 913 goats, which tested positive. All animals were clinically normal and no evidence was found of virus activity in the studied areas. It is, therefore, most likely that those rare positive cases, which constituted 0.002% of the total animals tested, were either false positives or vaccinates smuggled from the outbreak zone. The need for regular monitoring of animals both within the outbreak zone of 2000 and other parts of the kingdom is strongly emphasized. 相似文献
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T. Abou Al Fadil G. Dechamp-Guillaume R. Darvishzadeh A. Sarrafi 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2007,117(4):341-346
Phoma macdonaldii is one of the most important pathogens of sunflower (Heliantus annuus) in France. In order to determine the inheritance of resistance to the disease, five sunflower genotypes with wide genetic
variability for resistance to two ‘collar’ and two ‘root’ Phoma isolates were crossed in a diallel programme. Four separate
experiments were undertaken under controlled conditions. In each one, the response of parental genotypes and their F1 hybrids
were evaluated with one of the four Phoma isolates. Analysis of variance was performed to determine the effects of genotype
on disease severity score when inoculated with ‘collar’ or ‘root’ Phoma isolates and showed significant variability among
parents and F1 hybrids for disease severity score. Diallel analysis showed that general combining ability (GCA) and specific
combining ability (SCA) effects for resistance to ‘collar’ and ‘root’ Phoma isolates were highly significant for each of the
four isolates indicating that both kinds of gene effects were important in controlling the resistance. The GCA/SCA ratios
were more than one for three out of four isolates showing that additive genetic effects were more important than non-additive
effects for resistance to three of the studied Phoma isolates. Hence, conventional breeding methods could be recommended to
achieve genetic improvement to such ‘collar’ and ‘root’ Phoma isolates. 相似文献
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