土壤处理对连作西洋参生长及根病发生的影响

采用田间随机区组试验,选择前茬种过西洋参的老参地,用大扫灭、二硫化碳、多菌灵等3种低毒化学农药和紫苏根作为添加物进行土壤处理,处理后播种西洋参,调查出苗、存苗、根的生长及根病情况。探讨化学农药及植物添加物处理老参地土壤对改善重茬西洋参生长及减少病害的作用。试验结果表明,98%大扫灭粉剂5g/m2~15g/m2、二硫化碳液剂20ml/ m2进行土壤熏蒸处理,对提高重茬西洋参的出苗率、保苗率、产量,以及减轻根部病害均有较好的效果;添加紫苏根50g/m2~100g/m2的作用主要表现为可以提高根重,多菌灵消毒的作用效果不明显。     

土壤处理对连作西洋参生长及根病发生的影响

采用田间随机区组试验,选择前茬种过西洋参的老参地,用大扫灭、二硫化碳、多菌灵等3种低毒化学农药和紫苏根作为添加物进行土壤处理,处理后播种西洋参,调查出苗、存苗、根的生长及根病情况.以探讨化学农药及植物添加物处理老参地土壤对改善重茬西洋参生长及减少病害的作用.98%大扫灭粉剂5～15g/m2、二硫化碳液剂20ml/m2进行土壤熏蒸处理.对提高重茬西洋参的出苗率、保苗率、产量,以及减轻根部病害均有较好的效果;添加紫苏根50～100g/m2的作用主要表现为可以提高根重,多菌灵消毒的作用效果不明显.老参地使用土壤熏蒸剂及适宜的植物添加剂,对克服西洋参连作障碍具有一定作用.     

土壤处理对西洋参根际线虫数量动态的影响及对防治茎线虫根腐病的效果

 Root rot of American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium) caused by Ditylenchus destructor is a novel disease found recently in Beijing area. The effects of three soil treatments (fumigating with chloropicrin, chloropicrin + lvfeng organic manure and nematicide fosthiazate) on the number of rhizospheric nematodes, survived plants, root yield and root rot of 3-year ginseng plant were compared. The effects were also investigated at the second year after treatment. The results indicated that the number of parasitic nematodes in rhizosphere of treated soil reached the peak value in late June to early July as the soil temperature raised in the growing season. Compared with the regular treatment, the number of plant parasitic nematodes was reduced while non-plant parasitic nematodes increased. The number of non-plant parasitic nematodes in the soil treated with chloropicrin + lvfeng organic manure was 2 times than that treated with chloropicrin only. The ratio of non-parasitic to parasitic nematodes of three treatments was higher than the control. Percent of survived plants was 94.8%-96.4% and diseased root was decreased obviously. The control efficacy was more than 89% at the first year after treatment. The survived plants and plot yield of ginseng increased significantly and the control efficacy was around 40% at the second year. The best of the three treatments was by chloropicrin + organic manure.