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本文利用BET比表面积分析仪、紫外吸收光谱仪、高效液相色谱仪等手段研究了包括硅藻土、海泡石、高岭土、白炭黑、滑石粉、蒙脱石、玉米淀粉等7种常见水分散颗粒剂填料的表面性质如比表面积、孔容和孔径等性质;4种分散剂(SD-816、2700、NNO、D425)和各种填料伍配后分散悬浮性分析以及各填料对分散剂的吸附量大小;各填料对戊唑醇原药溶液的吸附动力学研究。分析得到蒙脱石的比表面积最大,达到了242.965m2/g,白炭黑、硅藻土次之;白炭黑的孔容最大,达到0.400cm2/g,玉米淀粉的孔容最小,只有0.021cm2/g,各种填料的孔大小都属于介孔;4种分散剂对硅藻土、玉米淀粉以及滑石粉的分散悬浮能力较好,蒙脱石对4种分散剂的吸附量均最大,玉米淀粉对4种分散剂的吸附量均最小;各填料对戊唑醇原药的吸附动力学数据用一级动力学方程模型拟合最好。 相似文献
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针对水工泄水建筑物高性能混凝土高抗裂性和高抗冲磨性的要求,通过掺用具有梳型结构的聚羧酸减水剂实现水工泄水建筑物高性能混凝土,同时研究了聚丙烯纤维、粉煤灰和硅粉等因素对混凝土抗冲磨性能的影响。研究表明:聚羧酸减水剂掺量为1.0%,粉煤灰掺量为15%,硅粉掺量为10%,聚丙烯纤维掺量0.9 kg/m3时,混凝土的抗裂性和抗冲磨性能满足水工泄水建筑物高性能混凝土工程的使用要求。 相似文献
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Federico Antonio Gutiérrez-Miceli Roberto Carlos García-Gómez María Angela Oliva-Llaven Joaquin Adolfo Montes-Molina 《Journal of plant nutrition》2017,40(1):40-49
In vermicomposting, the main product is the worm casts, but a leachate is generated that contains large amounts of plant nutrients. This leachate is normally diluted to avoid plant damage. We investigated how dilution of vermicompost leachate combined with different concentrations of nitrogen (N) - phosphorus (P) - potassium (K) triple 17 fertilizer, and polyoxyethylene tridecyl alcohol as dispersant and polyethylene nonylphenol as adherent to increase efficiency of fertilizer uptake, affected sugarcane plant development. The vermicomposting leachate with pH 7.8 and electrolytic conductivity 2.6 dS m?1, contained 834 mg potassium (K) l?1, 247 mg nitrate (NO3?) l?1 and 168 mg phosphate (PO43?) l?1, was free of pathogens and resulted in a 65% germination index. Vermicompost leachate did not inhibit sugarcane growth and mixed with 170 g l?1 NPK triple 17 fertilizer resulted in the best plant development. No dispersant or adherent was required to improve plant height and stem development. 相似文献
4.
20%灭幼脲水悬浮剂润湿分散剂的选择 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文采用激光粒度仪测定粒径的方法对20%灭幼脲水悬浮剂的润湿分散剂进行了筛选,对分散剂种类、用量对20%灭幼脲水悬浮剂分散稳定性的影响进行了探讨.结果表明,NNO为选择的最佳分散剂,当NNO用量在2.5%时,分散稳定效果最好. 相似文献
5.
以氢氧化钙Ca(OH)_2和H_2O_2为原料,NaH_2PO_4为稳定剂,聚乙二醇-200为分散剂,当蒸馏水量为40m L,氢氧化钙过量系数5%,稳定剂用量0.03 g,分散剂用量0.3 m L,H_2O_2滴加时间100 s,反应时间5min,CaO_2的纯度和产率分别为67.91%和74.38%。用合成的CaO_2处理实际印染废水,在室温、不调节pH的条件下、过氧化钙的投加量为20 g/L、反应时间40 min,初始COD为2 200 mg/L,过氧化钙氧化后废水COD的去除率达到71.38%,脱色率达到99%以上。 相似文献
6.
为探索不同分散剂与黄原胶对农药悬浮剂流变性质的影响,指导农药悬浮剂配方组份的选择,利用流变仪研究了两种不同分散剂与增粘剂对50%多菌灵悬浮剂流变性质的影响。结果表明,烷基酚聚氧乙烯磷酸酯类分散剂TERSPERSE4896、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚类分散剂TERSPERSE2210与增粘剂黄原胶协同使用所得悬浮体系,室温(18~25℃)贮存10 d仍表现出二者共同的流变特性,呈假塑性的流变曲线;但室温贮存150 d 后,含TERSPERSE2210与黄原胶的悬浮体系的流变性质发生了明显变化,由假塑性流体向膨胀型流体转变。说明不同类型农药分散剂与黄原胶存在不同的协同作用,并且会直接影响农药悬浮剂体系的流变性能,从而影响农药悬浮剂的贮存物理稳定性。 相似文献
7.
Experimental Research on the Shock and Wearing Resistant Concrete Blended with Polypropylene Fiber 下载免费PDF全文
The shock and wearing resistances and anti-crack performance of concrete blended with polycarboxylate superplasticizer and polypropylene fiber were studied.Results show that,compared with concrete added with silica fume,the high water-reducing effect of polycarboxylate superplasticizer and fly ash reduced the consumption of cementitious material and the amount of cracks decreased significantly.Together with the action of polypropylene fiber,the shock and wearing resistances and anti-crack performance of concrete enhanced remarkably. 相似文献
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ABSTRACT: This study examines the toxicity of three dispersants and heavy fuel oil to a marine fish, red sea bream ( Pagrus major ). Also studied was the toxicity of a mixture of heavy fuel oil and the least toxic of the three dispersants. The 24-h LC50 of all three dispersants were at least 1500 mg/L; these dispersants appeared relatively less toxic to marine fish than others studied in the past. The mean lethal oil concentration of the water-accommodated oil fraction was 325 µg/L. Mixtures of oil and dispersant were more toxic than dispersant or oil alone. Large amounts of dispersant decreased the toxicity of the mixture for the marine fish. Use of a dispersant-to-oil percentage of 20%, which is recommended by the manufacturer because of its efficiency in oil emulsification and dispersion, yielded higher 24-h oil concentrations and resulted in a higher mortality rate than did the use of higher percentages of dispersant. The application of dispersant to oil in coastal areas, especially with higher activities of fisheries and aquaculture like Japan, must be considered carefully in the context of the benefits versus environmental cost. 相似文献
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合成了造纸填料用分散剂,讨论了马来酸酐与丙烯酸比例,引发剂体系种类对树脂粘度及分散性的影响,结果表明:丙烯酸与马来酸酐的摩尔比为1.5时分散碳酸钙浆效果较好,而纯丙烯酸的分散性最佳,引发体系以过硫酸铵-亚硫酸氢钠-硫酸亚铁为优,亚硫酸氢钠占单体质量的13.5%,硫酸亚铁占单体质量的0.0067%,通过优化确定了合成的最优条件。 相似文献
10.
溢油分散剂处理平湖原油对海洋生物的急性毒性效应 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为了解溢油分散剂处理原油的海洋生物毒性效应,分别进行了溢油分散剂、平湖原油的水溶性组分(WAF)和溢油分散剂处理的平湖原油水溶性组分(DWAF)对黑鲷(Acanthopagrus schlegelii)仔鱼和幼鱼、脊尾白虾(Palaemon carincauda)幼体以及缢蛏(Sinonovacula constrzcta)幼体的急性毒性效应实验。结果表明,溢油分散剂、WAF和DWAF与黑鲷仔鱼、黑鲷幼鱼、脊尾白虾和缢蛏幼体均存在极显著的剂量-效应关系。以96 h LC_(50)值为判别标准,溢油分散剂对黑鲷仔鱼、黑鲷幼鱼、脊尾白虾和缢蛏幼体的毒性效应大小依次为脊尾白虾幼体(57.55 mg·L~(-1))黑鲷仔鱼(136 mg·L~(-1))黑鲷幼鱼(261 mg·L~(-1))缢蛏幼体(397 mg·L~(-1));WAF的毒性大小依次为黑鲷仔鱼(1.51 mg·L~(-1))脊尾白虾幼体(2.62 mg·L~(-1))黑鲷幼鱼(3.37 mg·L~(-1))缢蛏幼体(11.62 mg·L~(-1));DWAF的毒性大小依次为黑鲷仔鱼(0.66 mg·L~(-1))脊尾白虾幼体(1.20 mg·L~(-1))黑鲷幼鱼(1.75 mg·L~(-1))缢蛏幼体(3.09 mg·L~(-1))。DWAF对海洋生物毒性大小的次序与WAF相同,但毒性效应显著增加。分析认为DWAF会增加溶入海水中的芳香族化合物的种类和含量,导致对海洋生物的毒性效应增加。 相似文献