生长素和缩节胺对棉花生长发育及产量的影响

通过对生长素（IAA）和缩节胺（DPC）在棉花上使用方法的研究，发现IAA能显著促进棉株生长，DPC则能有效地抑制棉株生长。IAA和DPC对塑造棉花理想株型有显著作用，若使用方法得当则能获得增产。IAA和DPC的最佳使用方法为苗期喷施IAA100mg／L和初花期喷施DPC50mg／L。     

N-氰基甲基-[(苯甲酰基)(2-氯噻唑-5-基甲基)氨基乙基]砜亚胺类化合物的合成及杀虫活性

为了寻找和发现高效、广谱、低毒、低生态风险并与现有杀虫剂无交互抗性的新型杀虫剂,以2-氯-5-氯甲基噻唑为原料,经多步反应制得10个新型N-氰基甲基 砜亚胺类化合物,其结构均经核磁共振氢谱、元素分析确证。室内生物活性测试结果表明,目标化合物对桃蚜Myzus persicae具有一定的杀虫活性,其中化合物 7-1 在质量浓度为10 mg/L下对桃蚜的致死率达到80%。     

Quantitation of reticulated platelets in healthy dogs and in nonthrombocytopenic dogs with clinical disease

Background — Thrombocytopenia is a common disorder in dogs and development of an objective diagnostic assay to measure platelets newly released from bone marrow into the blood would provide a noninvasive way to predict megakaryocytopoiesis. Reticulated platelets are newly released platelets with increased concentrations of RNA that can be detected by flow cytometric analysis of blood stained with thiazole orange (TO).
Objectives — The goals of this study were to establish a reproducible method to quantitate reticulated platelets in dogs, to establish a reference interval for reticulated platelet percentages in healthy dogs, and to determine whether the percentage of reticulated platelets was nonspecifically increased in nonthrombocytopenic dogs with clinical disease.
Methods — Blood samples were obtained from healthy dogs and from nonthrombocytopenic dogs presented for a variety of disorders. An aliquot of whole blood was stained with TO and a phycoerythrin-labeled monoclonal antibody to platelet CD61, then analyzed by flow cytometry.
Results — The coefficients of variation were 7.8% to 15.6% (intra-assay precision) and 6.1% to 19.5% (interassay precision). Overnight storage for 18 to 26 hours, under variable conditions, resulted in an increase in the percentage of platelets staining with TO. The reference interval for reticulated platelets in the healthy control group was 0–4.3% (0–12,095/μL). No significant differences were found in the mean percentage of reticulated platelets or absolute concentration of reticulated platelets between control and affected dogs.
Conclusions — These studies demonstrate a reliable, noninvasive diagnostic assay for measurement of reticulated platelets in whole blood and provide a baseline for assessment of the clinical utility of the assay.     

呋虫胺和哌虫啶对哈密瓜烟粉虱的防治效果

为筛选出防治烟粉虱的新型杀虫剂,以烟粉虱为防治对象,以倍内威为对照,测定新型杀虫剂呋虫胺和哌虫啶对烟粉虱的田间防治效果,以筛选适宜的药剂及其有效浓度。结果表明:3种杀虫剂中,呋虫胺1 500倍液对烟粉虱防治效果最好,具有速效、持效期长、防效稳定等特点;其次是倍内威1 000倍液,整个防治过程中其对烟粉虱的相对防效都在80%以上,效果较好;哌虫啶1 000倍液、1 500倍液、2 000倍液防治烟粉虱效果较差。在防治药剂选择上,可以采取倍内威和呋虫胺交替使用,防止倍内威加速抗药性的产生;哌虫啶不建议生产上作为防治烟粉虱的药剂。     

Thiopeptide Antibiotics: Retrospective and Recent Advances

Thiopeptides, or thiazolyl peptides, are a relatively new family of antibiotics that already counts with more than one hundred different entities. Although they are mainly isolated from soil bacteria, during the last decade, new members have been isolated from marine samples. Far from being limited to their innate antibacterial activity, thiopeptides have been found to possess a wide range of biological properties, including anticancer, antiplasmodial, immunosuppressive, etc. In spite of their ribosomal origin, these highly posttranslationally processed peptides have posed a fascinating synthetic challenge, prompting the development of various methodologies and strategies. Regardless of their limited solubility, intensive investigations are bringing thiopeptide derivatives closer to the clinic, where they are likely to show their veritable therapeutic potential.     

Evaluation of six cytometric methods for reticulocyte enumeration and differentiation in the cat

Six protocols utilizing three fluorescent nucleic acid dyes (thiazole orange, auramine 0, and acridine orange) were evaluated by flow cytometty for clinical utility in the analysis of feline reticulocytes. The dyes showed good to poor correlations with each other and with manual counts. Thiazole orange was the preferred stain. Thiazole orange dye showed distinct peaks corresponding to aggregate and punctate reticulocytes from specimens with marked reticulocytosis. The other dyes detected increases in reticulocyte numbers but subpopulations could not be distinguished. Standardized instrument and gate settings, applied to specimens stained with thiazole orange dye, enumerated aggregate and punctate reticulowes in low celfularity specimens that lacked distinct peaks. Percentages of these cells correlated well with manual counts, offering a simplified technique for routine laboratory use.     

梨火疫病菌对噻唑锌及其他几种杀细菌剂的敏感性

噻唑锌是近期在我国登记为防治梨火疫病的新型杀菌剂。为明确梨火疫病菌Erwinia amylovora对噻唑锌及其他几种杀细菌剂的敏感性现状,本研究选用2016年-2020年从新疆不同地区分离的50个E. amylovora 代表菌株,通过药剂-病原菌共培养结合平板菌落法测定E. amylovora 对噻唑锌的敏感性,比较不同来源菌株的敏感性差异,并分析E. amylovora 对噻唑锌与农用链霉素、噻霉酮和春雷霉素的敏感性差异。结果表明,来自新疆不同地区、不同寄主和不同年份的E. amylovora 菌株对噻唑锌的敏感性差异明显,EC50分布在2.67~38.13 μg/mL, 平均（18.60±6.35） μg/mL。阿克苏地区阿瓦提县的杜梨分离菌株H10最敏感,EC50为2.67 μg/mL,巴州轮台县的山楂分离菌株Y126的敏感性最低,EC50为38.13 μg/mL,二者的EC50相差13.28倍。供试E. amylovora 菌株对噻唑锌的敏感性频率分布呈连续的单峰曲线,符合正态分布,将EC50平均值(18.60±6.35)μg/mL确定为新疆梨火疫病菌对噻唑锌的敏感基线,适用于新疆梨火疫病菌对噻唑锌的抗药性检测。供试E. amylovora 菌株对噻唑锌的抗性水平为0.13~2.05 (均值为1.00±0.35),均为敏感菌株,未发现抗药性菌株。相关性分析表明,E. amylovora 对噻唑锌的敏感性与农用链霉素（r=0.138,P=1.56）、噻霉酮(r=0.417,P=0.78)和春雷霉素(r=0.434,P=0.65)的敏感性之间不存在相关性(P>0.05)。本研究结果为后期评估梨火疫病菌对噻唑锌的抗药性风险奠定了基础,为制定梨火疫病的合理用药策略提供了依据。     

含噻唑环的磺胺母核合成与鉴定

详细介绍了以2-氨基-4-噻唑乙酸（ATAA）和对乙酰氨基苯磺酰氯（ASC）为原料,经过酯化、亲和取代、酯的水解反应合成含噻唑环的磺胺母核即N^1-[4-（羧甲基）-2-噻唑]对氨基苯磺酰胺（TS）的过程及采用碳二亚胺法（EDC法）合成完全抗原TS-牛血清白蛋白（TS-BSA）的方法。应用质谱法鉴定TS,紫外扫描鉴定完全抗原TS-BSA。质谱结果显示[M^-]：311．92,与理论值[M]=313．01相符,表明Ts合成成功;紫外扫描特征峰值发生偏移,证明完全抗原偶联成功,计算其结合比为11：1。     

一步合成硝唑尼特的新方法

研究一种新的硝唑尼特的合成方法。以邻乙酰水杨酸和2-氨基-5-硝基噻唑为原料,通过共沸带水的方法使原料发生酰胺化反应,仅通过一步反应合成硝唑尼特,反应收率58.2%。     

2-氨基-5-取代基-4-噻唑基膦酸酯及衍生物的合成

报道了2-氨基-5-取代基-4-噻唑基膦酸酯及衍生物的合成,讨论了其 IR 和1~HNMR特征,并证明其对棉花枯萎病和小麦赤霉病菌有抑制活性。