农药新剂型——微乳粒剂配制的可行性研究

以三唑磷为模式农药,研究了一种外观为颗粒状、用水稀释后成微乳液的农药新剂型——微乳粒剂配制的可行性。以乳状液的中位径(D50)为因变量,各表面活性剂用量为自变量,采用混料均匀试验设计并结合偏最小二乘回归法筛选表面活性剂品种;用比例法与对分法优化各表面活性剂用量;采用旋转挤压造粒法造粒。将筛选获得的农乳500与农乳602号用于配制15%三唑磷微乳粒剂,其乳状液外观为淡蓝色透明状,分散相颗粒迁移速度为0,且不同水质(水硬度:0~3 420 mg/L,水温:10~50 ℃)下乳液稳定性均合格;乳状液D50为54.2 nm,粒径分布范围为15.7~122 nm,粒径增大速率为0.01%/min;乳状液在相对离心力10 730×g下离心5 min未发生相分离。结果表明:该三唑磷微乳粒剂的乳状液为微乳液,微乳粒剂可以成功配制。     

山楂黄酮的薄层色谱分离鉴定研究

研究了山楂（山里红Crataegus pinnatifida Bge.var major N.E.Br)黄酮类化合物新的薄层色谱分离鉴定方法。以十二烷基硫酸钠-正丁醇-正庚烷-水微乳液为展开剂，利用聚酰胺薄层色谱法能使山楂黄酮完全分离。从山楂叶中分离得到7个黄酮斑点，山楂果中得到7个黄酮斑点，但二者的斑点不完全相同。与用正丁醇：乙酸：水4：1：5为展开剂的聚酰胺薄层色谱法比较发现，微乳薄层色谱法检测灵敏度高、分离效果理想。     

Allergic Study of Ivermectin Microemulsion

The study was aimed to observe the allergic reaction of ivermectin microemulsion injection on animals. Active systemic allergy test and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis test were carried out to study the allergic reaction of ivermectin microemulsion injection on Wistar rat and guinea pig, respectively, according to . The results showed that the allergic reaction of ivermectin microemulsion injection on Wistar rat and guinea pig were both negative. The study provided experiment evidences for the safety evaluation of ivermectin microemulsion.     

Fingerprint of GBE by Microemulsion High Performance Thin-layer Chromatography

Twelve types of gingko flavonoids were separated with SDS/n -C4 HgOH/n- C7 Hls/H2O microernlusion as developer on polyamide film. The polarity of the microemulsion was regulated through adding or reducing water. Compared with general mobile phase, the sensitivity of detection was improved markedly and the test results were satisfied. By means of HPTLC, fingerprint was argued on gingko flavonoids. It can meet the needs of simple and convenient, reasonable standard quality control methods.     

纳米CuI催化偶联反应合成二苯醚类农药中间体

二苯醚是一种重要的农药中间体,通过W/O微乳法,制备出形貌均一的球状纳米CuI,并应用于催化C-O交叉偶联反应中,在温和的反应条件下,合成了具有优良产率的二苯醚类化合物,该方法可在今后的农药合成中应用。     

W/O微乳液体系中SA和MS清除·O_2~-的研究

以水溶液体系作为对照,利用分光光度法研究了W/O型微乳液体系中水杨酸（SA）和水杨酸甲酯（MS）清除超氧阴离子自由基（·O2-）的性能.结果发现,在水浴时间为20min、pH值为8.20和邻苯三酚加入量适宜的情况下,W/O微乳液体系中SA、MS对·O2-的清除率分别可达72.92%、81.47%.微小的pH值变化会引起邻苯三酚自氧化速率的显著变化,电解质溶液对其也有明显的影响,但对SA、MS清除·O2-的能力影响不大.     

Content Determination of Ivermectin in the Ivermectin Microemulsion Injection

In order to establish the determination method of ivermectin (IVM) in the ivermectin microemulsion injection by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Hypersil ODS2 colunm (5 μm,4.6 mm×250 mm) was used in this study. The mobile phase composed of methanol, acetonitrile and water (35:60:5,V/V/V) at a flow rate of 1 mL/min. The detection wave length was set at 244 nm and the column temperature was 30 ℃. The results showed that the HPLC system suitability of IVM was good. A good linear correlation of IVM was observed within the concentration range 80 to 320 μg/mL, and the average recovery rate was 101.90%±2.94% with RSD was 2.88%, the regression equation was Y=22 700X+2 510 (R²=0.9998). The RSD of IVM content in ivermectin microemulsion injection was 1.86%. The method was accurate and reliable,reproducible,easy to operate, which could be used in new type of ivermectin microemulsion injection. The method could be used as the basis of quality control and establishing a quality standard, and to provide basis for quality evaluation, also can provide reliable reference for safe veterinary clinical application in the future.     

2 %假蒟微乳剂对几种病、虫的毒力测定

利用2 %假蒟微乳剂对几种供试菌和试虫进行室内毒力测定。生长速率法进行杀菌剂毒力测定的试验结果表明：假蒟微乳剂对弯孢霉属的抑制效果最好，其EC50仅为3.26 mg/L，远低于对照药剂多菌灵的50.71 mg/L；胶孢炭疽菌对多菌灵表现极强的耐药性，而假蒟微乳剂则对胶孢炭疽菌抑制效果较好，其EC50仅为14.40 mg/L。浸渍法进行杀虫剂毒力测定的试验结果表明，假蒟对蚜虫的活性最高，其LC50为7.110 mg/L，对斜纹夜蛾、小菜蛾、菜青虫、橡副珠蜡蚧和椰心叶甲，均表现较好的杀虫活性。     

杀虫单微乳剂提高对小菜蛾和水稻纵卷叶螟防治效果的原理

用Zisman方法测定水稻和甘蓝叶片的临界表面张力分别为36.70mN/m和36.40mN/m。用GB5549－90方法测定杀虫单微乳剂推荐剂量药液的表面张力为30.02mN/m左右,小于水稻和甘蓝苞菜叶的临界表面张力,药液中表面活性剂达到或超过了临界胶束浓度,室内和田间试验表明,杀虫单微乳剂提高了对水稻纵卷叶螟和甘蓝小菜蛾的防治效果,减少50％左右的杀虫单用量。     

25%高氯·辛微乳剂防治棉铃虫、菜青虫试验

田间试验结果表明 ,2 5%高氯·辛微乳剂对棉铃虫和菜青虫具有较好的防治效果。用 10 0 0～ 150 0倍液防治棉铃虫 ,药后 5d防效和保蕾效果分别达 79%和 74 %以上 ;用 10 0 0～ 2 0 0 0倍液防治菜青虫 ,药后 7d防效达 94 %以上。与氯氰菊酯和高效氯氰菊酯的防效相当 ,优于常规农药辛硫磷。