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1.
从江西省各地采集分离获得108个辣椒疫霉菌株,通过菌丝生长法等测定了辣椒疫霉菌的不同生长阶段对氟吗啉的敏感性。研究结果表明,氟吗啉对辣椒疫霉菌的不同生长发育阶段的抑制作用明显,辣椒疫霉菌丝生长对氟吗啉的敏感性较高,EC50值范围为0.07852~0.38622μg/m L,平均EC50值为0.18159μg/m L;游动孢子囊形成对氟吗啉的敏感性更高,EC50值范围为0.00251~0.03943μg/m L,平均EC50值为0.01588μg/m L;游动孢子萌发对氟吗啉的敏感性最高,EC50值范围为0.00156~0.00965μg/m L,平均EC50值为0.00515μg/m L。正态分析表明,辣椒疫霉菌108个菌株的3个发育阶段对氟吗啉的敏感性符合正态分布,江西省内目前还不存在耐药性的辣椒疫霉群体。  相似文献   
2.
马铃薯晚疫病(Phytothora infestans de Bary)是世界马铃薯生产中最具毁灭性的病害,由于马铃薯晚疫病菌的变异性及其能形成稳定遗传的抗药性,开发新型杀菌剂成为防治马铃薯晚疫病的有效措施。近年来,锰锌.氟吗啉50%可湿性粉剂作为新型杀菌剂对卵菌纲真菌的防治效果突出。为验证该药剂对马铃薯晚疫病的防治效果,本文在黑龙江省马铃薯主产区内随机选择了3个试验点,并于2008年和2009年连续2年进行了该药剂对马铃薯晚疫病的防效研究,结果表明:在各供试处理中,锰锌.氟吗啉50%可湿性粉剂(3次,1 125ga.i./hm2)对马铃薯晚疫病具有很好的防治效果(平均防效>85%),锰锌·氟吗啉50%可湿性粉剂(3次,750ga.i./hm2)和霜脲.锰锌72%可湿性粉剂(3次,1 080ga.i./hm2)的防效相当(平均防效均在80%左右),也表现出对抗晚疫病有较好的防治作用;并且,各供试药剂处理均能提高马铃薯产量,锰锌·氟吗啉50%可湿性粉剂(3次,1 125g a.i./hm2)的增产率最高,2008年平均增产率为19.51%,2009年平均增产率为21.08%。这表明,锰锌·氟吗啉50%可湿性粉剂不仅对马铃薯晚疫病有较好的防治效果,还可以保证马铃薯稳产、增产。  相似文献   
3.
Baseline sensitivity to flumorph, a carboxylic acid amide (CAA) fungicide used to control some oomycetes, was examined using 83 Phytophthora capsici isolates, resulting in a unimodal distribution of effective concentration for 50% inhibition of mycelial growth ranging from 0·716 to 1·363, with a mean of 1·033 ± 0·129 μg mL?1. To assess the potential risk of developing flumorph resistance, 13 flumorph‐resistant mutants of P. capsici were obtained using ultraviolet irradiation. Most of these mutants and their progeny had high levels of fitness, including mycelial growth, sporulation and virulence. The resistance to flumorph changed slightly, either increasing or decreasing, after 10 transfers on agar media. Cross‐resistance was found between flumorph and other CAA fungicides (dimethomorph and iprovalicarb), but not between flumorph and non‐CAA fungicides (cymoxanil, metalaxyl, azoxystrobin and cyazofamid). To investigate the genetics of the flumorph resistance, 619 progeny were obtained by self‐crossing and sexual hybridization. Segregation of sensitivity to fungicide was measured as a ratio of sensitive (S) to resistant (R) isolates. Segregation of the progeny, from self‐crossed isolate PCAS1 (flumorph resistant), was 1:15 in the first generation; and 0:1 or 1:15 in the second generation. In sexual hybridization, segregation of progeny was 0:1 and 1:7 for R × R hybridization; and 1:3 for R × S hybridization. Therefore, the resistance of P. capsici against flumorph was controlled by two dominant genes.  相似文献   
4.
建立25%氟吗啉·唑菌酯悬浮剂在人参土壤上残留分析方法。样品经过乙腈提取,弗罗里硅土层析柱净化,高效液相色谱法进行定量分析。此条件下氟吗啉和唑菌酯的平均回收率分别是87.9%~99.0%和89.2%~99.9%,相对标准偏差为2.7%~7.3%和1.9%~13.4%。氟吗啉在人参土壤中的降解半衰期为2.7~10.7d,唑菌酯的半衰期为0.3~18.4d。该方法简单,快速,适用于人参土壤中氟吗啉和唑菌酯的残留分析。  相似文献   
5.
采用离体生测的方法测定了F500、氟吗·锰锌和甲霜灵对大豆疫霉菌野生型敏感菌株及抗甲霜灵菌株的抑制作用。结果表明,3种药剂对敏感菌株的菌丝生长、孢子囊的形成、游动孢子的形成和释放及卵孢子的形成都有较明显的抑制作用,F500和氟吗·锰锌的抑制作用优于甲霜灵,F500和氟吗·锰锌对抗性菌株的菌丝生长抑制作用明显,甲霜灵对抗性菌株的菌丝生长抑制作用不明显;药剂浓度为50μg·mL-1时,F500和氟吗·锰锌对抗性菌株的抑制率分别为97.9%和100%,EC50为0.0002μg·mL-1和0.5525μg·mL-1,甲霜灵对抗性菌株的抑制率为仅为60%,EC50为8.5024μg·mL-1,甲霜灵与F500和氟吗·锰锌无交互抗性。  相似文献   
6.
QuEChERS-气相色谱-串联质谱法测定黄瓜中10种农药残留   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
建立了黄瓜中氟啶虫酰胺、丁苯吗啉、氟吡菌酰胺、氟啶虫胺腈、环酰菌胺、氟吡菌胺、唑嘧菌胺、氟吗啉、烯肟菌酯和烯肟菌胺10种农药残留的QuEChERS-气相色谱-串联质谱检测方法。样品采用QuEChERS方法,经乙腈涡旋振荡提取,无水硫酸镁和氯化钠盐析后,取5 mL提取液,加入含125 mg PSA、900 mg无水MgSO4和25 mg GCB的组合净化剂进行净化,采用Agilent HP-5 MS Ultra Inert色谱柱分离,气相色谱-串联质谱仪多反应监测 (MRM) 模式测定,基质匹配标准曲线外标法定量。结果表明:在检测浓度范围内,10种农药的质量浓度与其对应的峰面积间呈良好线性关系,决定系数均大于0.99;10种农药的平均回收率在76%~105%之间,相对标准偏差在4.0%~12%之间,定量限在0.001~0.05 mg/kg之间。该方法简便、快速、可靠,适用于黄瓜中10种农药残留的快速检测和分析确证。  相似文献   
7.
50%氟吗啉·代森锰锌WP防治马铃薯晚疫病药效试验   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为明确50%氟吗啉.代森锰锌WP防治马铃薯晚疫病的效果和安全性,连续2年进行了田间药效试验。结果表明:在马铃薯晚疫病发生初期,使用剂量为每公顷1 200~1 600 g,间隔7~10 d,连续喷施3次,对晚疫病具有良好的防治效果,防效可达79.5%~84.3%,对马铃薯生长安全。  相似文献   
8.
Downy blight, caused by Peronophythora litchii, is an important disease of lychee (litchi) plants in China. The in vitro sensitivities of various asexual stages of P. litchii to the three carboxylic acid amide (CAA) fungicides dimethomorph, flumorph and pyrimorph were studied with four single‐sporangium isolates. None of the three fungicides affected zoospore discharge from sporangia, but they strongly inhibited mycelial growth (mean EC50 values of 0·075, 0·258 and 0·115 mg L?1, respectively); sporangial production (mean EC50 values of 0·085, 0·315 and 0·150 mg L?1, respectively); germination of cystospores (mean EC50 values of 0·140, 0·150 and 0·645 mg L?1, respectively); and germination of sporangia (mean EC50 values of 0·203, 0·5 and 0·743 mg L?1, respectively). As mycelial growth was the most sensitive stage to dimethomorph and pyrimorph, it was chosen to test baseline sensitivities to the three fungicides. In 2007, from 131 isolates collected in Fujian, Guangdong and Guangxi provinces, 127, 116 and 113 isolates were used to establish baseline sensitivity for dimethomorph, flumorph and pyrimorph respectively. Isolates from different provinces exhibited similar baseline sensitivity to the same fungicide. Baseline sensitivities to dimethomorph, flumorph and pyrimorph were distributed as unimodal curves, with mean EC50 values of 0·082 (± 0·01), 0·282 (± 0·047), and 0·115 (± 0·032) mg L?1, respectively. This information will serve as a baseline for tracking future changes in sensitivities of P. litchii populations to these three CAA fungicides.  相似文献   
9.
氟吗啉是新型内吸性杀真菌剂。它的14C标记合成经3步完成,其放化收率为35.9%(以14C-碳酸钡计),放化纯度经薄板检测达97.8%。  相似文献   
10.
对氟吗啉的合成工艺进行了研究,以邻苯二酚为起始原料,通过醚化、付克酰基化、缩合反应制得目标化合物,总收率可达69.1%。目标产物及中间体的结构均经NMR、MS确证。改用低毒和高活性试剂使合成工艺步骤简单,操作安全,条件温和,收率较高,适合大规模制备。  相似文献   
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