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Nitrogen (N) stress limits the yields of maize (Zea mays L.) that have been plastic film-mulched in northwest China. Using the tested Hybrid-Maize simulation model, which was combined with field experiments using four levels of N fertilisers (0, 100, 250 and 400 kg N ha−1), we aimed to understand the variability of the attainable yield in response to N stress under plastic film mulching. We show that the application of N250 or N400 results in 100% simulated potential LAI, which is, thus, close to 100% of the simulated potential of both biomass and grain yield. However, N stress treatments significantly decreased the biomass and grain yields, achieving only 40–50% of the simulated potential (N0 treatment) and 70–80% of the simulated potential (N100 treatment). Growth dynamic measurements showed that N stress significantly decreased the LAI, delaying the source capacity growth (canopies) around the silking stage and resulting in lower final kernel numbers. The lower LAI resulted in decreased dry matter accumulation and allocation during the reproductive stage; this decrease led to a decrease in the kernel growth rate and in the grain filling duration, which resulted in a significantly lower kernel weight. This knowledge could be helpful for the optimisation of N management to close the yield gaps of dryland maize in semi-arid monsoon climate regions.  相似文献   
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抑制蒸腾对番茄生长及植株镁、钾、钙吸收的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
北方日光温室生产中蔬菜频繁出现营养失调,导致产量、品质明显下降,为探明番茄养分失调是否与蒸腾受到抑制有关,通过2个水培试验分别研究了短期(24 h)及长期(24 d)喷施蒸腾抑制剂对中杂9号和改良毛粉两个番茄品种蒸腾、生物量和镁、钾及钙养分吸收的影响。结果表明:短期(24 h)抑制蒸腾,蒸腾量减少20.6%、镁吸收量减少4.5%,蒸腾与番茄镁吸收呈显著正相关关系;长期(24 d)喷施蒸腾抑制剂减少了番茄生长量、光合速率,蒸腾量减少47.5%时镁吸收量减少17.1%,钾、钙吸收量分别减少12.9%和44.1%,不同番茄品种间对钾、钙、镁的吸收无显著差异。可见,抑制蒸腾减少番茄对镁、钾、钙的吸收。北方日光温室冬茬栽培中高湿、寡照等不良环境因子会诱导番茄营养失调症的发生。  相似文献   
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