miR-204 inhibits proliferation of Hodgkin lymphoma cells by targeting Sirt1/p53 signaling pathway

AIM: To investigate the effect of microRNA-204 (miR-204) on the proliferation of Hodgkin lymphoma cells and the underlying mechanism. METHODS: The expression of miR-204 and Sirt1 mRNA in Hodgkin lymphoma tissues was detected by RT-qPCR. After transfection with miR-204 mimic, Sirt1 siRNA and miR-204 mimic+pcDNA3.1-Sirt1 into the L428 cells, the cell viability and BrdU incorporation were measured by CCK-8 assay and BrdU assay, respectively. The protein levels of Sirt1 and acetylated p53 (ac-p53) were determined by Western blot.The targeting relationship between miR-204 and Sirt1 was verified by double luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS: The low expression of miR-204 and the high mRNA expression of Sirt1 were found in the Hodgkin lymphoma tissues. Compared with control group, the cell viability, BrdU incorporation and the protein levels of Sirt1 and ac-p53 were significantly decreased after L428 cells were transfected with miR-204 mimic or Sirt1 siRNA (P<0.05). Compared with miR-204 mimic alone group, the cell viability, BrdU incorporation and the protein levels of Sirt1 and ac-p53 were increased after L428 cells were co-transfected with miR-204 mimic and pcDNA3.1-Sirt1 (P<0.05). The results of double luciferase reporter assay confiermed that Sirt1 was the target gene of miR-204. CONCLUSION: The inhibitory effect of miR-204 on the proliferation of L428 cells may be achieved by inhibiting the expression of Sirt1 and promoting the up-regulation of ac-p53.     

草地贪夜蛾对小麦的为害风险:取食为害性及解毒酶活性变化初探

为了探究草地贪夜蛾对小麦的为害风险,我们以取食玉米作为对照,开展研究取食小麦对草地贪夜蛾的存活率、取食选择性、生长量和3种解毒酶及乙酰胆碱酯酶的影响。结果表明:草地贪夜蛾初孵幼虫在小麦上的存活率与玉米并无显著差异,高达90%以上。用小麦连续饲喂3龄幼虫7 d,日均体重增加迅速,与取食玉米无显著差异(P0.05)。2龄幼虫取食选择率为小麦玉米,3龄和4龄幼虫的取食选择率为玉米小麦,但均无显著差异。值得注意的是,小麦饲喂48 h后草地贪夜蛾谷胱甘肽S-转移酶活性和多功能氧化酶含量表现为显著诱导上升,而羧酸酯酶和乙酰胆碱酯酶的活性无显著变化。本试验结果初步表明草地贪夜蛾存在为害小麦的风险,应加强草地贪夜蛾在麦田发生情况的监测,同时应重视草地贪夜蛾取食不同寄主对药剂敏感性机制的研究。     

基于双目立体视觉的重叠柑橘空间定位

果实的精准识别和定位是智能采摘面临的难题之一。基于双目立体视觉，提出了一种针对户外重叠柑橘的三维空间定位方法。首先，从双目左右图像中提取重叠柑橘果实轮廓并进行高斯平滑，通过曲率分析，找出异常的轮廓像素点；其次，依次连接相邻两个异常像素点，分析该线段上的像素点到柑橘轮廓的距离，在相邻两正常线段的交点处完成重叠柑橘轮廓分割，并通过寻找异常线段剔除对应的非柑橘轮廓像素点；再者，采用最小二乘椭圆拟合方法重建柑橘目标轮廓，并获取柑橘的中心；最后，根据双目极线约束和图像相似度，对重叠柑橘中心点进行匹配，并基于视差原理计算柑橘中心的深度值及三维空间坐标，确定重叠柑橘的遮挡关系。户外实验结果表明,所提出的方法定位误差为6.38 mm，满足柑橘采摘机器人户外采摘作业的定位精度要求。     

我国草地贪夜蛾应急化学防控风险评估及对策

草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E.Smith)是世界性重大农业迁飞害虫, 在我国已呈严重暴发态势, 对我国玉米等农作物生产安全构成严重威胁?农药防治是草地贪夜蛾应急防控中最有效的手段之一, 但是不合理的使用农药会对环境安全和施药人员带来潜在的风险?本文结合我国田间化学农药防治草地贪夜蛾的实践和效果, 评估了8种田间常用防治药剂的环境风险及其对施药人员的健康风险?推荐甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐?乙基多杀菌素?氯虫苯甲酰胺?虱螨脲作为草地贪夜蛾应急防控的首推农药, 甘蓝夜蛾核型多角体病毒作为首推生物药剂, 高效氯氟氰菊酯和乙酰甲胺磷须谨慎使用?本研究从农药应用风险角度提出了具体的草地贪夜蛾合理用药建议, 以期为草地贪夜蛾的有效安全防控提供科学依据?     

Assessment of frozen ground organic carbon pool on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

Purpose

Under rapid climate change, soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamic in frozen ground may significantly influence terrestrial carbon cycles. The aim of this study was to investigate the storage, spatial patterns, and influencing factors of SOC in frozen ground on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, which known as the earth’s Third Pole.

Materials and methods

Using the observed edaphic data from China’s Second National Soil Survey, we estimated the SOC storage (SOCS) of frozen ground (including permafrost, seasonally, and short time frozen ground) on the plateau with a depth of 0–3 m. Furthermore, the effect of vegetation and climate factors on spatial variance of SOC density (SOCD) was analyzed.

Results and discussion

The SOCD decreased from the southeastern to the northwestern part of the plateau, and increased with shorten of freezing duration. SOCS of permafrost, seasonally, and short time frozen ground were calculated as 40.9 (34.2–47.6), 26.7 (24.1–29.4), and 6 (5.6–6.4) Pg, making a total of 73.6 (63.9–83.3) Pg in 0–3 m depth on the plateau. Normalized difference vegetation index and mean annual precipitation could significantly affect the spatial distribution of SOC in permafrost and seasonally frozen ground.

Conclusions

The soil in plateau frozen ground contained substantial organic carbon, which could be affected by plant and climate variables. However, the heterogeneous landform may make the fate of carbon more complicated in the future.

     

Behavior of chlorpyrifos and its major metabolite TCP (3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol) in agricultural soils amended with drinking water treatment residuals

Purpose

Chlorpyrifos can be effectively adsorbed by drinking water treatment residuals (WTR), ubiquitous and non-hazardous by-products of potable water production. The major metabolite 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP) was found to be much more mobile and toxic than its parent chlorpyrifos. To assess the feasibility of WTR amendment for attenuation of chlorpyrifos and TCP pollution, the sorption/desorption and degradation behavior of chlorpyrifos and TCP in WTR-amended agricultural soils was examined in the present study.

Materials and methods

Two representative agricultural soils were sampled from southern and northern China, respectively. The soils were amended with WTR at the rates of 0, 2, 5, and 10 % (w/w). Batch sorption/desorption test were applied to investigate the sorption/desorption characteristics of chlorpyrifos and TCP in WTR-amended soils. The influence of WTR amendment on chlorpyrifos degradation and TCP formation was evaluated using the incubation test, and its effect on the soil bacterial abundance was further studied through DNA extraction and PCR amplification.

Results and discussion

Results showed that WTR amendment (0–10 %, w/w) significantly enhanced the retention capacity of chlorpyrifos and TCP in both soils examined (P < 0.05). Fractionation analyses further demonstrated that the bioavailability of chlorpyrifos was considerably reduced by WTR amendment, resulting in a decreased chlorpyrifos degradation rate. The WTR amendment also significantly reduced the mobility of TCP formed in chlorpyrifos-contaminated soils (P < 0.001). The chlorpyrifos toxicity to soil bacteria community was largely mitigated following WTR amendment, resulting in increased total bacterial abundance.

Conclusions

Results obtained in the present study indicate a great deal of potential for the beneficial reuse of WTR as soil amendments for chlorpyrifos and TCP pollution control.

     

秦岭火地塘林区不同海拔森林土壤NO通量

选取秦岭火地塘林区不同海拔(1 560~2 160 m)的有代表性的5个森林样地,从2014年10月到2015年10月对其土壤NO通量采用静态箱—氮氧化物分析仪法进行1 a的监测。结果表明,土壤NO排放主要集中在植物生长季(2015年5月—2015年9月),但整个观测期NO排放保持在较低水平。在非生长季(2014年10月—2015年4月),大部分样地的NO排放先减少后增加,而且监测有NO吸收。不同海拔NO年排放总量分别为2 160m红桦林0.06 kg·ha~(-2)·a~(-1),2 040 m青杄林0.08 kg·ha~(-2)·a~(-1),1 963 m华山松林0.02 kg·ha~(-2)·a~(-1),1 585 m油松林0.11 kg·ha~(-2)·a~(-1),1 560 m锐齿栎林0.19 kg·ha~(-2)·a~(-1)。除华山松外,NO年排放总量随海拔的升高而减少。不同海拔5个样地土壤NO通量均与地温显著相关(P0.05)。华山松林土壤NO排放与土壤孔隙充水率呈负相关(P0.05)。油松林土壤NO排放与土壤铵态氮质量分数负相关(P0.05)。除油松林外,各样地的土壤孔隙充水率都低于60%,可以推断,硝化反应是本地区NO的重要生成源,但受到降雨和土壤有机质等理化性质的影响又伴随有反硝化过程。     

中国菠萝生产与产业链分析

通过分析中国菠萝的生产情况,初步构建菠萝产业链框架,为促进菠萝产业发展研究提供基础。     

5种杀虫剂超低容量液剂对玉米田草地贪夜蛾的防治效果

草地贪夜蛾是新入侵我国的迁飞性重大害虫,为害玉米的心叶、生长点及雄穗等,能引起严重的损伤、烂心、授粉不良等,导致玉米减产甚至绝产。本文评价了5种杀虫剂超低容量液剂通过低容量喷雾对玉米田草地贪夜蛾的防治效果。结果表明,在相同的原药成本下,6%甲维·茚虫威超低容量液剂和1%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐超低容量液剂具有优异的保叶效果和杀虫效果,5%氯虫苯甲酰胺超低容量液剂在较低的用量下(有效用量1 g/667m~2)具有良好的保叶和杀虫效果,3%呋虫胺超低容量液剂对草地贪夜蛾幼虫基本无效,但有一定的保叶效果。