Measuring patterns and mechanism of greenway use – A case from Guangzhou,China

In the context of recent studies that have begun to establish a more quantifiable understanding of the use of urban greenways, this paper presents a preliminary investigation into the patterns in which a greenway is used and the mechanism behind the pattern of use of the greenway. Factors of the location, economic situation, environment and social background have been measured and analyzed in the use intensity model to interpret their impact on the use intensity of different sections of a greenway. The results suggest that use of the Waterfront Greenway in Guangzhou is highly impacted by population density, employment density, nearby service provision and the connectivity of the greenway to other parts of the city. In this case, the use intensity model with indicators such as location, economic, environmental and social factors has been shown to be applicable to the evaluation of the use of the greenways. Results from the case study suggest that providing greenways close to the residential zones, employment centers and key public services such as hospitals and schools will increase greenway use. The surrounding network system of a greenway must be carefully considered and designed to improve the linking of the greenway to other parts of the city, to increase the number of potential visitors to the greenway.     

Can trail spatial attributes predict trail use level in urban forest park? An examination integrating GPS data and space syntax theory

Understanding users’ spatial distribution in forest park is crucial for providing visitors with quality recreation experiences and for park planning and management. Utilizing users’ spatial distribution data, this study aims at investigating associations between trail use level and trail spatial attributes, through examining two large urban forest parks (Gongqing forest park and Paotaiwan forest park) in Shanghai, China. Users’ spatial distribution was measured utilizing GPS trackers with the interval of 10 seconds. This study conceptualizes trail spatial attributes as trail metric attributes and trail configurational attributes. Trail metric attributes include trail mean distance to gates, length, width and level of enclosure, which are calculated based on park map and on-site observation. We computed trail configurational attributes utilizing space syntax theory, which comprise measures of global integration, control, and connectivity. Trail connection with features/facilities, visual connection with water and shading are included as covariate variables. In total, we obtained 134 valid samples in Gongqing forest park and 210 valid samples in Paotaiwan forest park for analysis. Multivariate regression analyses indicate that when involving covariate variables, consistently in both parks, a greater trail usage is significantly related to trail shorter mean distance to park gate, trail width wider than 3 meters, higher global integration and higher control values. Collectively, these four trail spatial attributes explained 31.7 % (p < 0.001) and 27.3 % (p < 0.001) of the variances in trail use level in Gongqing forest park and Paotaiwan forest park. These findings provide direct implications to park designers and managers for providing visitors with different desirable social conditions, and ultimately improve users’ experiences and satisfactions.     

新疆牦牛资源开发利用设想

通过阐述新疆牦牛资源的发展历史、现状及存在的问题,分析发展牦牛业的产品优势和资源优势,明确了以市场为导向、以肉为主导产品,实行科学养畜、产业化养畜,发展现代牦牛业的总体发展战略,并围绕总体思路,建设性地提出了具体的发展措施.结论:合理利用资源,尤其是科学利用牦牛与家牛的杂交理论成果,可大幅提高新疆牛肉产量.     

青岛崂山樱属植物的分布种类及资源利用研究

樱属在植物分类学上属蔷薇科梅亚科，本属有120种以上，分布于北温带，我国约有48种以上。山东省分布10种(含2变种，3变型)，其中崂山分布有9种(含2变种，3变型)，几乎涵盖了山东省所有樱属植物种类。该文详细介绍了青岛崂山樱属植物的分布种类，并对其观赏特性及园林用途进行了阐述。     

Intellectual Property: Information Ownership in the Electronic Age: The Government Perspective: Government's Role in Striking a Balance in the Public Interest

ABSTRACT

An overview of the National Agricultural Library's eleven specialized information centers is presented that includes information on electronic access to their databases, publications, and information.     

浅论科技档案的管理与利用

科技档案在事业科研单位中作用日益突出。文章从搞好科技档案建设 ,加大投入、发挥科技档案作用以及充分利用档案成果三个方面阐述了对档案管理与利用的关系。     

缓/控释氮肥对主要粮食作物及环境影响研究进展

本文围绕着近年来缓/控 释氮肥在主要粮食作物（小麦、玉米）上的应用展开综述。从小麦和玉米适用的缓/控 释氮肥类型、缓/控 释氮肥对作物产量和肥料利用率、氮养分平衡的影响、氮损失途径以及缓/控 释氮肥应用前景等方面进行分析,较全面的总结了施用缓/控释氮肥对小麦、玉米作物及土壤环境的影响,并对未来粮食生产的可能影响进行剖析。分析发现不同类型缓/控 释氮肥能不同程度提高小麦和玉米产量或保证稳产;合理施用缓/控 释氮肥能够提高氮肥料利用率、降低土壤氮素累积、减少氮素损失;提高土壤微生物量和酶的活性;减少温室气体排放及降低地下水体的硝酸盐污染。但施用缓/控 释氮肥对根际养分研究相对较少及存在施用方式的不合理性。建立科学合理的简化施肥技术体系,对缓/控 释肥的应用和推广具有重要意义。     

重庆山地水资源景观开发利用研究

根据重庆市山地地形水资源实际情况,针对水资源景观的开发利用,提出相应的设计措施,以促进城市景观建设、提高重庆城市景观形象。     

土地利用总体规划实施评价——以绵阳市游仙区为例

为了给新一轮土地利用规划修编提供经验,使新一轮规划更接近实际发展状况及更具可操作性,以四川省绵阳市游仙区为例,采用层次分析法,对上轮土地规划实施效果进行了评价。结果表明:游仙区上轮规划实施综合评分为77.7,等级一般。效果指标得98分,规划实施后经济、社会、生态效益显著,生态退耕和结构调整致人均粮食有所降低;执行性指标得57.4分,土地开发复垦和整理力度不足致完成性指标得分54.9分;限制性上限指标全部超标,新增建设用地占用耕地超过指标2倍以上;实施后期耕地保有量和基本农田面积调整,限制性下限指标勉强达标。     

农业利用对东北黑土黏粒矿物组成及养分的影响

为了明确农业利用对土壤的黏粒矿物组成差异及养分的影响;通过在东北黑土定点和历时8年的现代农业开垦利用,以研究东北黑土的黏粒矿物组成差异及养分的影响;经过8年的农业开垦利用后,东北黑土的风化进程加强,0.002～0.02 mm粉粒含量显著降低(F=5.84>P0.01=0.026),而黏粒含量因水土流失,增加未达到显著;土壤交换性离子活性较强,酸化程度加重,有机质含量降低,对养分保蓄能力明显下降。土壤中的伊利石含量极显著降低(F=11.25>P0.01=0.003),而高岭石和蒙脱石含量极显著增加(F=11.67>P0.01=0.003;F=13.89>P0.01=0.001),S/I混层矿物含量也较8年前的高;土壤黏粒矿物是极为敏感的胶体类型,它的改变会影响土壤肥力特征。