20％康宽悬浮剂防治水稻稻纵卷叶螟田间药效试验

20％康宽悬浮剂防治水稻稻纵卷叶螟药效试验表明,该药具有高效、安全、无残留、无公害的特点,药后7d虫口校正防效94．58％,药后15d卷叶防效90．71％。推荐使用浓度以150mL／hm^2对水900kg／hm^2为宜,在害虫卵孵化高峰期至低龄幼虫期使用。     

蚕豆及其活性物质对罗非鱼生长性能、血液指标、肌肉抗氧化能力及肌肉品质的影响北大核心CSCD

本试验旨在研究蚕豆、蚕豆水提取物、缩合单宁和3,4-二羟基-L-苯丙氨酸对罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)生长性能、血液指标、肌肉抗氧化能力及肌肉品质的影响。选取初始体重为(468.49±10.84)g的罗非鱼150尾,随机分为5组,每组3个重复,每个重复10尾鱼。在65 d饲养期中,对照组投喂常规基础饲料,试验组分别投喂添加50.0%的蚕豆(FB组)、4.0%的蚕豆水提取物(FBWE组)、0.2%的缩合单宁(CT组)和0.1%的3,4-二羟基-L-苯丙氨酸(DOPA组)的饲料,5种试验饲料等氮等脂。结果显示:1)与对照组相比,FB组增重率、特定生长率、脏体比、肥满度和肝体比显著降低(P<0.05),CT组肝体比显著升高(P<0.05),FBWE组脏体比显著升高(P<0.05)。2)与对照组相比,FB和FBWE组血液中白细胞数量、红细胞数量和血红蛋白含量显著升高(P<0.05),DOPA组血液中白细胞数量显著降低(P<0.05),CT组血液中血小板数量显著升高(P<0.05);各组血液中平均血红蛋白浓度无显著差异(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,FBWE和CT组血清中谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶活性和总胆红素含量显著升高(P<0.05),DOPA组血清中谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶活性显著降低(P<0.05)。3)与对照组相比,FB组肌肉总超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性和总抗氧化能力显著降低(P<0.05),CT组肌肉总超氧化物歧化酶活性显著升高(P<0.05),FB和FBWE组肌肉丙二醛含量显著升高(P<0.05)。4)各组肌肉水分、粗蛋白质和粗脂肪含量无显著差异(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,FBWE和CT组肌肉粗灰分含量显著升高(P<0.05),FB、FBWE、CT和DOPA组肌肉胶原蛋白含量均显著升高(P<0.05),FB组肌肉组氨酸和丙氨酸含量显著降低(P<0.05),FBWE组肌肉谷氨酸含量显著升高(P<0.05);各组罗非鱼肌肉鲜味氨基酸和总氨基酸含量无显著差异(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,FB、FBWE和DOPA组罗非鱼肌肉硬度、弹性、胶黏性和咀嚼性均显著提高(P<0.05)。综上可知,饲料中添加蚕豆显著降低了罗非鱼的生长性能,而添加蚕豆水提取物、缩合单宁和3,4-二羟基-L-苯丙氨酸则对罗非鱼的生长性能无显著影响。此外,饲料中添加缩合单宁还能提高罗非鱼肌肉的抗氧化能力,添加蚕豆、蚕豆水提取物和3,4-二羟基-L-苯丙氨酸均能提高罗非鱼肌肉的质构特性,但添加蚕豆、蚕豆水提取物和缩合单宁会损伤肝功能。由此可见,3,4-二羟基-L-苯丙氨酸或蚕豆水提取物可作为蚕豆的替代物。     

茂南区蝗虫发生规律及综合治理技术

蝗虫是茂南区常见的农作物杂食害虫,近年来发生危害较大。通过对茂南区蝗虫调查。分析了蝗虫发生种类、范围、生活习性、监测办法,并提出蝗虫综合治理技术,以期为茂南区蝗虫的防治提供参考。     

杂交水稻T优5537在粤西地区种植表现及高产栽培技术

T优5537是福建农林大学作物科学院与福建省种子总站合作用不育系T55A与蜀恢537配组育成的中熟偏迟三系杂交水稻组合,2002年2月通过福建省品种审定,2003年通过国家品种审定。2005年晚造至2007年早造该组合在粤西的湛江、茂名等地累计种植面积达2万hm^2,一般产量9.00-9.75t/hm^2,表现高产稳产,熟期适中,抗性较好,适于粤西地区作早、晚稻栽培。总结了该组合高产栽培技术。     

RP-HPLC法测定青果果肉中的黄酮类物质

应用反相高效液相色谱法(RP-HPLC)测定了广东产15个品种青果果肉中黄酮类物质的含量.结果表明,在分离柱为Nucleosil C18反相柱(5 μm,250 mm×4.6 mm),流动相A为体积分数20%的甲醇,流动相B为体积分数30%的乙腈,A和B流动相用体积分数50%的磷酸调pH至3.2±0.05,流动相C为乙腈,三元梯度洗脱,流速1～1.2 mL/min,柱温35 ℃,分析波长285 nm～350 nm的检测条件下,15个品种青果果肉中均含有柚皮苷和金丝桃苷,6个品种含有芦丁,并且不同品种之间柚皮苷、金丝桃苷和芦丁等3种黄酮类物质的含量存在显著差异(P<0.05);其中芦丁含量以长穗赤品种青果最高,达1 858.17 μg/g干质量;金丝桃苷含量以小鸡心品种青果最高,达3 238.21 μg/g干质量;柚皮苷以红心榄品种青果最高,达6 440.84 μg/g干质量.     

Effects of Faba Bean Supplementation on Growth Performance,Intestinal Digestive Enzyme Activities,Intestinal Morphology and Intestinal Flora of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)北大核心CSCD

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of faba bean supplementation on the growth performance, intestinal digestive enzyme activities, intestinal morphology and intestinal flora of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). A total of 600 genetic improvement of farmed tilapia with an initial body weight of (500.23± 0.34) g were randomly divided into 4 groups with 3 replicates per group and 50 fish per replicate. Four isonitrogenous and isolipidic experimental diets containing 0 (C0 group, as control), 15% (C15 group), 30% (C30 group) and 60% (C60 group) faba bean were fed to fish during the 100-d feeding trial. Results showed as follows: 1) there were no significant differences in the weight gain rate, specific growth rate, feed coefficient ratio and hepatosomatic index among the groups (P>0.05), the protein efficiency ratio and survival rate in C60 group were significantly higher than those in C0 and C15 groups (P<0.05). 2) There were no significant differences in the activities of amylase, lipase and trypsin among the groups (P>0.05). 3) Compared with the C0 group, the C15, C30 and C60 groups had significantly lower intestinal villus height, villus thickness and muscle thickness (P<0.05). 4) The Simpson index of intestinal flora of tilapia in C15, C30 and C60 groups was lower than that in C0 group, and the difference was significant between C30 and C0 groups (P< 0.05). 5) The intestinal core flora of the four groups of tilapia were mainly Cyanobacteria, Actinobacteriota, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Fusobacteriota. Compared with the C0 group, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria in C15, C30 and C60 groups had a significant reduction (P<0.05), and the relative abundances of Fusobacteriota and Cetobacterium in C15 and C60 groups had a significant reduction (P<0.05). To conclude, under the conditions of isonitrogenous and isolipidic, diets supplemented with 15% to 60% faba bean have no significant effects on the growth performance and intestinal digestive enzyme activities of tilapia, but can significantly reduce the intestinal villi height, villus width and muscle thickness, decrease the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and the diversity of intestinal flora. © 2023 Authors. All rights reserved.     

粤西地区蔬菜生产中存在的问题及发展对策

在分析粤西地区蔬菜生产现状及存在问题的基础上,提出相应的发展对策,以期达到促进当地蔬菜产业稳定、健康发展的目的。     

苦瓜白粉病防治药剂筛选试验

茂名地区苦瓜白粉病发生较严重,普通药剂防治效果不理想。为筛选防效较好的苦瓜白粉病防治药剂及使用浓度,对4种药剂及其不同使用浓度进行了防效对比试验。结果表明:3次施药后,25%乙嘧酚750倍液对苦瓜白粉病防效最好,达100.00%;36%硝苯菌酯833倍液防效次之,为91.43%。