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排序方式: 共有1411条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
为鉴定评价我国向日葵(Helianthus annuus L.)种质资源在南方地区的表现,筛选构建向日葵核心种质,以422份向日葵种质为材料,在进行2年鉴定观察的基础上,采用描述性统计、相关性分析、主成分分析等方法对11个表型农艺性状进行分析评价。结果表明,原始群体的这些农艺性状具有较大的变异幅度,其变异系数(CV)为3.60%~83.32%,平均变异系数为20.93%,其中分枝株率(0%~62.5%)、单株粒重(9.70~232.35 g)、百粒重(4.60~14.92 g)、叶片数(14.40~48.38个)和株高(103.75~260.00 cm)变异幅度较大;性状间表现出显著的相关性,主成分分析表明,影响性状的4个主要成分解释了总方差的71.72%。采用QGAstation 2.0软件构建了72组核心种质候选群体,并根据均值差异百分数(MD)、方差差异百分率(VD),极差符合率(CR)和变异系数百分率(VR),获得组获得1组包含84份材料的最佳核心种质群体。聚类分析将84份核心资源分为5大类,与原群体相比,所选核心种质均值无显著差异,方差显著提高,能最大限度代表原始油葵种质资源保存和利用。  相似文献   
2.
[目的/意义]科技文献资源保存已纳入多个国家图书馆的战略规划,中国图书馆仍缺少对数字资源本地保存及服务方法,亟待明确其中的关键问题并建立工作策略。[方法/过程]针对当前国际知识产权形势以及机构对数字资源资产管理新要求,调研国内外文献保障机构的数字资源本地保存现状,梳理图书馆数字资源实现馆藏保存与服务中的关键问题,进而提出中国图书馆数字资源本地保存及服务方式。[结果/结论]数字资源本地保存涉及到知识产权保护、图书馆服务方式、保存工作持续性等问题,有必要从数字资源馆藏体系建设的角度,确定数字资源馆藏保护、本地保存、自主可控的原则,以国家协议、电子资源采购条款约定保存权益、国际合作、数字呈缴等方法来获取数字资源馆藏内容、服务权益,通过技术架构支持数字资源的“在线、近线、离线”服务策略。  相似文献   
3.
人工授精技术是一种较先进的辅助生殖技术,可提高繁殖育种的效益,但因猫类较独特的生殖特点,其人工授精技术发展受限。近年来,科研人员和临床工作者借鉴其他物种相对成熟的人工授精技术,结合猫类生殖特点,对猫人工授精过程中精液采集、精液品质评估、精液保存、刺激母猫排卵方式及具体的人工输精等相关技术进行了优化和创新,如开发了新颖实用的尿导管法采精技术以采集猫精液;在传统精液品质评估的基础上,配合使用荧光染色技术、流式细胞技术及体外受精技术对猫精液品质进行评估;探索不同冷冻液配方及冷冻程序对猫精液保存效果的影响,并尝试使用超快速冷冻法保存公猫遗传物质;研究使用不同种类及不同剂量的激素对诱导母猫发情和排卵效果的差异,以及不同输精部位、方法及时机对母猫妊娠结果的影响等。尽管其中一些新技术与方法已在试验动物中彰显出了其实际应用潜力,但当下依旧还存在操作相对复杂、成本较高、效果低于预期等问题,导致目前猫人工授精技术的应用较局限,不如在犬或其他动物中应用广泛,未来还需更进一步研究和探索才能满足临床实际应用的需要。文章就上述猫人工授精技术中各个方面的研究进展进行了综述,以期为该技术的进一步研究和应用提供参考。  相似文献   
4.
通过分析评价野生刺梨(Rosa roxburghii Tratt.)资源居群遗传多样性和遗传结构,同时构建核心种质,为刺梨资源的保护和发掘利用提供科学依据。本研究利用10对EST-SSR引物和9个果实品质性状指标对收集的12个刺梨自然居群(共102份种质)的遗传多样性及遗传结构进行分析,同时结合原贵州省32份初级核心种质,采用位点优先取样策略进一步构建西南地区核心种质。结果表明,黔西(QX)居群拥有最高的Shannon信息指数I=0.6965,基因多样性指数h=0.3935,多态位点百分率p=84.62%;而古丈(GZ)居群则无论在分子数据还是表型数据都表现为遗传多样性最低;AMOVA分析表明刺梨居群内遗传变异在87%以上,居群间基因流Nem在3.5以上、平均Nei’s遗传距离(GD)0.223。构建的19份核心种质等位基因保留率和稀有等位基因保留率均为100%,能够代表原种质的遗传多样性。西南地区野生刺梨的遗传变异主要发生在居群内,居群间具有基因交流频繁、Nei’s遗传距离小等特点,构建的19份核心种质从等位基因保留率、稀有等位基因保留率及地理分布均能够较好地代表原种质的遗传多样性。自然居群以黔西(QX)居群遗传多样性最高。因此,野生刺梨的保护策略可采用就地保护黔西(QX)居群与迁地保护19份核心种质相结合的方法进行。  相似文献   
5.
A 3-month-old colt foal presented to the Philip Leverhulme Equine Hospital for investigation of progressive neurological signs. Diagnostic investigation included cerebrospinal fluid collection, which was performed under general anaesthesia. During this procedure, severe bradycardia which progressed to asystole occurred. Initial resuscitation was successful; however, the foal had clinical signs consistent with cerebral hypoxia post-resuscitation and was euthanased the following day due to deterioration of neurological function. Asystole was presumed due to a Cushing-type reflex as a result of changes in intracranial pressure during the sampling procedure.  相似文献   
6.
随着无线终端数量的快速增长和多媒体图像等高带宽传输业务需求的增加,农业物联网相关领域可预见地会出现无线频谱资源紧缺问题。针对基于传统物联网的作物表型信息采集系统中存在由于节点密集部署导致数据传输过程容易出现频谱竞争、数据拥堵的现象以及固定电池的网络由于能耗不均衡引起监测周期缩减等诸多问题,本研究建立了一个认知无线传感器网络(CRSN)作物表型信息采集模型,并针对模型提出一种引入边缘计算机制的动态频谱和能耗均衡(DSEB)的事件驱动分簇路由算法。算法包括:(1)动态频谱感知分簇,采用层次聚类算法结合频谱感知获取的可用信道、节点间的距离、剩余能量和邻居节点度为相似度对被监控区域内的节点进行聚类分簇并选取簇头,构建分簇拓扑的过程对各分簇大小的均衡性引入奖励和惩罚因子,提升网络各分簇平均频谱利用率;(2)融入边缘计算的事件触发数据路由,根据构建的分簇拓扑结构,将待检测各区域变化异常表型信息触发事件以簇内汇聚和簇间中继交替迭代方式转发至汇聚节点,簇内汇聚包括直传和簇内中继,簇间中继包括主网关节点和次网关节点-主网关节点两种情况;(3)基于频谱变化和通信服务质量(QoS)的自适应重新分簇:基于主用户行为变化引起的可用信道改变,或分簇效果不佳对通信服务质量产生的干扰,触发CRSN进行自适应重新分簇。此外,本研究还提出了一种新的能耗均衡策略去能量消耗中心化(假设sink为中心),即在网关或簇头节点选取计算式中引入与节点到sink的距离成正比的权重系数。算法仿真结果表明,与采用K-medoid分簇和能量感知的事件驱动分簇(ERP)路由方案相比,在CRSN节点数为定值的前提下,基于DSEB的分簇路由算法在网络生存期与能效等方面均具有一定的改进;在主用户节点数为定值时,所提算法比其它两种算法具有更高频谱利用率。  相似文献   
7.
  1. The study of Argopecten purpuratus reproduction, post‐larval settlement, stock size, and population size structure and shell growth was undertaken in the 2000s in the Rinconada marine reserve (Chile) to evaluate the effectiveness of scallop recruitment and self‐sustainability.
  2. The results highlight strong seasonal and inter‐annual variations of environmental conditions and scallop gonadosomatic index, spat collection, benthic distribution, total abundance and population size structure.
  3. The Von Bertalanffy growth parameters were L = 120.12 mm and K = 0.9681; commercial size would be reached in about 17.2 months in the bay. Substrate availability, meteorological conditions, hydrodynamics and illegal harvesting explain spatial and temporal variations in scallop distribution and abundance.
  4. Recruitment strength depends on one main cohort from year to year. While recruitment made up 81% and 94% of total abundances in May 2002 and May 2003, respectively, there were no overall density‐dependent relationships between stock size and recruitment. Spawning asynchrony in the bay supports the hypothesis that multiple gamete releases form part of a reproductive strategy in response to environmental variability.
  5. The massive disappearance of large‐sized scallops during the study periods was direct evidence of overfishing owing to clandestine harvesting within the marine reserve. The failure of current legislation, strategies and policies for scallop conservation requires new regulations to restore scallop stock size, maintain its reproductive performance and limit illegal harvesting in the Rinconada.
  6. A scenario allowing harvesting regulated by stock‐dependent fishing quotas would more efficiently ensure stock recovery and self‐sustainability. The modalities of this new policy are discussed.
  相似文献   
8.
In the past five decades, constant research has been directed towards yield improvement in pigeonpea resulting in the deployment of several commercially acceptable cultivars in India. Though, the genesis of hybrid technology, the biggest breakthrough, enigma of stagnant productivity still remains unsolved. To sort this productivity disparity, genomic research along with conventional breeding was successfully initiated at ICRISAT. It endowed ample genomic resource providing insight in the pigeonpea genome combating production constraints in a precise and speedy manner. The availability of the draft genome sequence with a large‐scale marker resource, oriented the research towards trait mapping for flowering time, determinacy, fertility restoration, yield attributing traits and photo‐insensitivity. Defined core and mini‐core collection, still eased the pigeonpea breeding being accessible for existing genetic diversity and developing stress resistance. Modern genomic tools like next‐generation sequencing, genome‐wide selection helping in the appraisal of selection efficiency is leading towards next‐generation breeding, an awaited milestone in pigeonpea genetic enhancement. This paper emphasizes the ongoing genetic improvement in pigeonpea with an amalgam of conventional breeding as well as genomic research.  相似文献   
9.
Habitat degradation leads to small and fragmented populations, lower genetic variability and fertility overtime. Assisted reproductive techniques represent important tools to cope with the dramatic loss of biodiversity. Fallow deer (Dama dama), beyond its high commercial value and wide distribution, may represent the most suitable model to study endangered cervids. In this study, oocytes were recovered post-mortem from fallow deer during the breeding and no breeding seasons and were in vitro matured (IVM). The ability of cryopreserved thawed sperm samples recovered by electroejaculation from four adult males was tested by in vitro fertilization of IVM oocytes. The number of oocytes collected per ovary did significantly vary across seasons from 6.2 ± 0.92 during breeding season to 10.4 ± 1.26 during no breeding season (p = .006). Oocytes collected during the breeding season showed higher in vitro fertilization rate compared to the no breeding season (p = .045). However, no embryos reached the blastocyst stage. Semen samples obtained by electroejaculation were successfully cryopreserved, although the cryopreservation process negatively affected most kinetic parameters, mainly at 2 hr post-thawing. Moreover, the percentage of rapid spermatozoa significantly decreased between fresh samples and at 2 hr post-thawing, whereas the percentage of slow spermatozoa increased across the same period (p < .05). Our study provides the logistic steps for the application of assisted reproductive techniques in fallow deer and might be of great interest for genetic resource bank planning.  相似文献   
10.
This study compared the effects of intravaginal and intravenous routes of oxytocin (OT) administration in 46 oestrous‐induced Santa Inês ewes (6‐day treatment with progestin‐releasing intravaginal sponges and a single injection of 200 IU of eCG at the time of sponge removal) that underwent transcervical embryo recovery 6–7 days after oestrous onset and mating. All ewes received 37.5 μg of d‐cloprostenol via latero‐vulvar route, and 1 mg of oestradiol benzoate i.m. 16 hr before and 50 IU of OT 20 min before non‐surgical embryo recovery (NSER), with OT being administered intravenously (n = 21) or intravaginally (n = 21). An overall oestrous response was 95.6% (44/46), and adequate cervical retraction could be accomplished in 78.6% (33/42) of ewes. The percentage of successful NSER procedures was 57% (24/42) or 72.7% (24/33) of animals with sufficient cervical retraction. The duration of NSER procedure averaged 28 min (range: 17–40 min) and ~96% of flushing fluid could be recovered (range: 85%–100%). Out of 18 ewes that could not undergo NSER, 12 (66.6%) presented various anatomical barriers, whilst the other 33.4% did not present these barriers and still could not be traversed. Excluding the ewes with those anatomical features, the overall success rate of NSER was 80% (24/30). The route of OT administration had no effect on NSER efficiency or the ease with which transcervical embryo flushing was performed. Both routes of OT administration can be used for cervical dilation protocol. Discarding ewes with anatomical features precluding cervical penetration is highly recommended to increase the efficacy of NSER in sheep.  相似文献   
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