小美牛肝菌生物碱抑制运动神经系统原理

通过大鼠急性毒性试验、大鼠脊髓损伤运动功能试验和大鼠脊髓含水量试验,对小美牛肝菌生物碱抑制运动神经系统的原理进行研究。大鼠急性毒性试验结果表明,小美牛肝菌生物碱含有一定的毒性,对机体组织的运动神经系统有一定的影响;大鼠脊髓损伤运动功能试验结果表明,小美牛肝菌所含的生物碱物质能够促进大鼠脊髓损伤恢复,降低大鼠脊髓神经损伤;大鼠脊髓含水量试验结果表明,小美牛肝菌生物碱具有消炎抗氧化作用,能够降低过氧化物对神经细胞的损害。     

Alkaloids from Sarcomelicope megistophylla

Two new alkaloids were isolated from the bark of Sarcomelicope megistophylla. Cyclomegistine B (1), a new quinolone alkaloid, that possesses a rare cyclobuta[b]quinoline ring system and sarcomejine B (2) which is a quinolone alkaloid with an unusual side chain. The structure of both compounds was elucidated on the basis of MS data and extensive NMR studies.     

Antimicrobial activity of alkaloidal fraction from barks of Himatanthus lancifolius

The alkaloidal fraction from Himatanthus lancifolius barks demonstrated a broad-spectrum in vitro antimicrobial activity for most of the Gram (+) and Gram (-) tested microorganisms.     

(-)-Veranigrine, a new steroidal alkaloid from Veratrum nigrum L

A new steroidal alkaloid, (-)-veranigrine (1) was isolated from the roots and rhizomes of Veratrum nigrum L. By means of spectroscopic methods its structure was established as (20S, 25S)-iminocholesta-5,22(N)-diene-1beta,3beta-diol.     

茶树等植物中嘌呤生物碱代谢研究进展

咖啡碱等嘌呤生物碱分布于自然界多种植物中,由于过量摄入咖啡碱会对人体产生副作用,因此对嘌呤碱代谢进行调控,培育低咖啡碱植物品种具有重要的意义。本文综述了嘌呤生物碱在不同属种植物中的分布、生物合成与降解的主要路径及非主要路径、参与嘌呤碱代谢的酶及相应编码基因克隆的研究进展,并对培育低咖啡碱茶树品种中存在的问题与今后的努力方向进行了讨论和展望。     

均匀设计法提取附子总生物碱的工艺研究

[目的]筛选附子中总生物碱的最佳提取工艺寻找适合工业化生产的操作程序。[方法]采用均匀设计法对中药附子中总生物碱进行提取,以样品总生物碱量为评价指标探讨乙醇提取的浓度、用量和提取时间对总提取量的影响,将优选出的最佳提取工艺条件,与其他文献中所使用的方法进行比较,判断是否适合工业化生产。即用TS-NS系列提取浓缩机组对附子进行提取浓缩,冷冻干燥后溶解并用滴定法测定测定附子中总生物碱的含量。[结果]最佳工艺条件为：提取剂乙醇浓度为85%,附子粒径60目,乙醇用量为药材量的9倍（1∶9,g∶m l）,提取时间为2 h。在此条件下,总生物碱得率为0.312%。[结论]该方法提取效果较好,可用于工业化生产。     

Alkaloids with Cardiovascular Effects from the Marine-Derived Fungus Penicillium expansum Y32

Three new alkaloids (1, 4 and 8), together with nine known analogues (2, 3, 5–7, and 9–12), were isolated from the marine-derived fungus Penicillium expansum Y32. Their structures including the absolute configurations were elucidated by spectroscopic and Mosher’s and Marfey’s methods, along with quantum electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Each of the compounds was evaluated for cardiovascular effects in a live zebrafish model. All of the compounds showed a significant mitigative effect on bradycardia caused by astemizole (ASM) in the heart rate experiments. Compounds 4–6 and 8–12 exhibited potent vasculogenetic activity in vasculogenesis experiments. This is the first study to report that these types of compounds show cardiovascular effects in zebrafish. The results suggest that these compounds could be promising candidates for cardiovascular disease lead compounds.     

Psammaceratin A: A Cytotoxic Psammaplysin Dimer Featuring an Unprecedented (2Z,3Z)-2,3-Bis(aminomethylene)succinamide Backbone from the Red Sea Sponge Pseudoceratina arabica

Bioassay-guided partition of the extract of the Red Sea sponge Pseudoceratina arabica and HPLC purification of the active fraction gave a psammaplysin dimer, psammaceratin A (1), along with psammaplysin A (2). The dimer comprises two units of psammaplysin A (2) connected via the terminal amines with an unprecedented (2Z,3Z)-2,3-bis(aminomethylene)succinamide moiety, and it represents the first dimer to be identified among the psammaplysin family. Data from 1D- and 2D-NMR and HRMS supported the chemical structures of the compounds. Psammaceratin A (1) and psammaplysin A (2) exhibited significant growth inhibition of HCT 116, HeLa, and MBA-MB-231 cells down to 3.1 μM.