Characterizing the pigmented traditional rice cultivars grown in temperate regions of Kashmir (India) for free and bound phenolics compounds and in vitro antioxidant properties

The purpose of the research was to identify the phenolic and flavonoid compounds of seven different traditional pigmented whole rice cultivars grown in the temperate regions of Kashmir so as to study their relationship with in vitro antioxidant capacities. The completely pigmented rice cultivars were found to have higher phenolic, flavonoid, anthocyanin contents and exhibited higher antioxidant capacities than the light colored and sparely colored rice cultivars. A total of 40 compounds had been identified in the analyzed rice cultivars that were found to be distributed in 6 major categories with 6-phenolics, 6-flavonoids, 11-hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives, 7-hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives, 3-anthocyanins and 7-flavonoid glucosides of different flavonoid compounds. Among the free and bound fractions for each cultivars the light and sparsely colored depicted higher content of phenolics and in vitro antioxidant properties in bound faction, while the completely pigmented cultivars showed higher antioxidant properties in free fractions. The anthocyanins quercetin-3-O-galactoside, cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside and pelargonidin-3-O-diglucoside had been identified by LC-MS existing in the free fractions of the analyzed rice cultivars whereas, the free fraction of acetone + H₂O possessed higher percentage of phenolic compounds as compared to methanolic extracts and bound fractions. The black colored cultivars possessed higher DPPH scavenging activity and lipid peroxidation inhibition.     

柿叶提取黄酮类化合物方法及鉴定

以柿叶为原料,研究了提取黄酮类化合物的不同方法,并对提取物进行分离研究.通过比较不同方法的提取结果,说明用乙醇作为提取荆所提取出的芦丁含量最高;用微乳液展开剂对提取物进行薄层色谱法分离鉴定,得出柿叶中含有黄酮化合物中的黄酮醇类,为进一步研究柿叶中黄酮类化合物提供借鉴.     

桑叶中黄酮化合物的提取工艺及不同品种不同时期的含量变化

探讨了不同单因子对桑叶中黄酮成分浸提效果的影响。用80%乙醇作溶剂,原料质量浓度50.00 g/L,于70℃、pH 8的条件下浸提3 h并抽提2次的提取效果较好。以毛细管电泳仪测定、分析了不同品种、不同时期桑叶中的芦丁、槲皮素等成分,湖桑9001叶片中的芦丁含量高,湖桑32号的槲皮素含量高,10月份采摘桑叶中的芦丁和槲皮素的含量最高。芦丁、槲皮素等成分在桑叶中的动态变化:以10 mmol/L磷酸二氢钠-20 mmol/L的硼砂溶液(pH 8.62)作缓冲液,在25℃,20 kV的压力下电泳,245 nm波长处检测,线性关系良好,在8 m in内完全分离。     

紫苏茎中黄酮类化合物的提取及鉴定

采用热水提取法、碱性水溶液法、乙醇浸提法、丙酮提取法和甲醇提取法，对紫苏茎中黄酮类化合物进行了提取，并筛选出一种可行的方法。乙醇提取物的定性鉴定表明紫苏茎中含有黄酮类、二氢黄酮类、黄酮醇类和二氢黄酮醇类等多种黄酮化合物，且茎和叶的黄酮成分相似。     

枣果中总黄酮含量分析

[目的]筛选总黄酮含量较高的枣品种,为枣的开发提供新思路。[方法]以芦丁为对照制作标准曲线,测定54个枣品种的总黄酮含量,并进行分析。[结果]不同枣品种间的总黄酮含量差异很大,最高的与最低的相差30倍。54个枣品种的总黄酮平均含量为2.29mg/g,总黄酮含量最高的是月光枣,达7.04 mg/g,含量较高的有连县木枣、婆枣、临猗梨枣、临汾团枣、夏津妈妈枣、虎枣、保德油枣、冬枣、稷山板枣。40.74%枣品种的黄酮含量在1.65~2.59 mg/g,25.93%枣品种的黄酮含量在2.81~4.08 mg/g。干食枣品种的平均总黄酮含量最高,其次为鲜干兼用枣品种,鲜食枣品种的最低。[结论]月光枣的总黄酮含量最高,在开发功能性食品方面有较大潜力。     

Bioactive compounds from Capparis spinosa subsp. rupestris

Aim of this study was to determine the content of bioactive phytochemicals in Capparis spinosa subsp. rupestris (syn. C. orientalis), a less investigated species of caper and compare the chemical profile of this species with that of other studied Capparis sp. and especially with the related cultigen C. spinosa subsp. spinosa. Chemical composition of seed oil and glucosinolates, as well as of glucosinolates and flavonoids from the aerial parts of the plant have been determined and data reported here. Oil from the plant seeds is rich in unsaturated and rare lipids such as cis-vaccenic acid; the main glucosinolate is glucocapperin. The aerial parts are characterized by rutin as the dominant flavonoid. The overall phytochemical data obtained from the analysis of C. spinosa subsp. rupestris indicate that this species represents a very rich source of bioactive compounds of nutraceutical relevance although the compositional profile does not differentiate this subspecies from C. spinosa subsp. spinosa.     

重庆产泽漆中总黄酮与芦丁的含量分析

[目的]建立泽漆中总黄酮和芦丁含量测定方法,为进一步开发利用泽漆资源并对其进行质量控制提供科学依据。[方法]分别采用三氯化铝比色法和HPLC法测定泽漆中总黄酮和泽漆中芦丁的含量。[结果]重庆产区泽漆总黄酮的含量为5.485~5.742 mg/g,芦丁的含量为0.769~0.811 mg/g。[结论]该方法简便、快速、准确、稳定,适用于泽漆中总黄酮和芦丁的含量测定。     

金樱子中芦丁和槲皮素不同提取方法的比较研究

[目的]研究不同提取方法对金樱子（Rosa laevigata Michx）果实芦丁和槲皮素提取的影响,为金樱子（FRUCTUS ROSAE LAEVI-GATAE）药材的合理开发利用提供科学依据。[方法]采用热水浸提、乙醇回流和乙醇超声波辅助法提取金樱子果实中芦丁和槲皮素,用HPLC法测定含量,并进行方法学考察。[结果]HPLC法测定中芦丁和槲皮素能较好地分离,分别在0.03～15μg/ml（r=0.999 0）和0.04～20μg/ml（r=0.999 4）的浓度范围内与峰面积成良好线性关系,检测限分别为12.6和15.2 ng/ml。3种提取方法得到的芦丁和槲皮素趋势为乙醇超声波辅助法﹥乙醇回流﹥热水浸提,分别为芦丁0.62、1.04和1.52μg/ml;槲皮素0.78、1.18和2.24μg/ml。[结论]乙醇-超声波提取法的效果较好。     

不同陈化条件下烤烟褐变与芸香苷含量变化关系

采用高效液相色谱法测定不同陈化时间和条件下烤烟中芸香苷含量及烟叶颜色的变化,分析芸香苷含量变化与烟叶褐变的关系。结果表明,陈化过程中温度越高、湿度越大,烤烟K326和云烟85的芸香苷含量越低,褐变度越大。     

凉山地区苦荞酚类物质的提取及抗氧化能力研究

[目的]筛选出凉山地区抗氧化性能最佳的苦荞品种,为苦荞品种选育和开发提供科学依据。[方法]选择凉山地区的19种苦荞为试验材料,将其种子粉碎后过40目筛,得到苦荞粉。提取苦荞粉中的自由酚和结合酚,并测定其中多酚、黄酮和芦丁的含量。[结果]苦荞总酚含量为5810.94～10255.01μmolGAeq/100gDW,自由酚含量为5683.50～10107.82μmolGAeq/100gDW,结合酚含量为56.14～268.27μmolGAeq/100gDW,其中自由酚含量占总酚的98%～99%;总黄酮含量为707.32～1187.58mgRUeq/100gDW;苦荞芦丁含量为638.91～1263.52mg/100gDW,芦丁含量对DPPH.（R2=0.816）和ABTS.＋的清除能力（R2=0.763）均呈线性相关。[结论]晋苦2号芦丁含量最高、抗氧化能力最强。