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1.
闽南乌龙茶加工工艺研究进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
福建省作为全国乌龙茶主产区之一,具有悠久的产制历史和成熟的加工技术.近年来,随着乌龙茶产品的日益热销,福建乌龙茶的加工技术和产品种类更是快速发展和多样化.本文以闽南产区的乌龙茶为对象,对闽南乌龙茶主要加工工序(萎凋、做青、造型、干燥等)从20世纪80年代至今在品质控制方面的研究发展进行梳理,总结了其优化参数、探索机理、现代技术运用和新工序研发等4大特点,以期为闽南乌龙茶工艺品质控制的进一步研究提供依据,同时建议今后应关注按品种特性对现有工艺品质理论和成果进行整合、加强新工艺品质的基础理论研究.  相似文献   
2.
土壤物理学研究的现状、挑战与任务   总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8       下载免费PDF全文
根据新近土壤物理学研究进展,论述了土壤物理学在土壤学中的定位和在自然科学和社会可持续发展中的地位;从研究的对象、内容、尺度、理论、方法和测定技术方面,阐述了土壤物理学的研究现状;分析了新形势下土壤物理学面临的挑战;提出了我国土壤物理学研究未来10年5个方面的主要任务,即:农业可持续发展中的土壤物理问题,土壤结构形成过程及其稳定性,土壤中能量传输和物质运移过程,土壤性状及过程的时空变异与尺度转化,土壤物理过程与土壤化学、土壤生物过程的耦合。  相似文献   
3.

Microbiotic crusts occur extensively in rangeland soils . Developed by filaments of cyanobacteria and algae , and thalli of lichen and moss entanglement of soil particles , they create a physical discontinuity in the surface profile with greater concen trations of clay , silt , and potentially hydrophobic organic matter. These conditions potentially contribute to variability in soil hydrology of arid land and should be considered in the development of hydrologic and erosion models. However, there is limited manipulative research examining the functional relationships between soil and microbiotic crusts . We investigated the influence of cyanobacterial-dominated microbiotic crust on measured hydraulic conductivity (K) in a sandy loam soil at a southeastern Utah site . Using a tension infiltrometer , we determined K under three surface treatments: undisturbed , chemically killed (representing dead microphytes within the crust), and removed (scalped) microbiotic crusts. We applied treatments to spatially interspersed intact surface soils within shrub interspaces . Microbiotic crusts at this site and in this stage of successional development had no discernible influence on K. This finding supports results from research conducted in a variety of soils from sandy to silt dominated with a range of microbiotic development . Because this research was site and time specific , and because the role of microbiotic crusts in the environment continues to be debated , additional research is warranted to deter mine how stage of development of microbiotic crust influences soil hydrology .  相似文献   
4.
利用色素添食技术生产家蚕彩色茧,存在着三大需要攻克的难题。第一是色彩的深度、纯度如何提高的问题;第二是提高彩色茧的色牢度问题;第三是彩色茧色彩种类如何丰富的问题。经研究发现,利用色素添食技术生产家蚕彩色茧,其彩茧的深度、纯度以及色牢度与色素、蚕品种、添食方法、环境有直接的关系,色素的有效成分高低、浓度大小等起决定因素。  相似文献   
5.
植物生理学回顾与展望   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
植物生理学是农学的主要学科领域,与作物生产密切相关。本文重点回顾了国际和国内作物生物学发展的历程和科学前辈,并侧重与农业生产密切相关的植物生理学研究,包括光合作用,水分生理、营养生理、逆境生理、激素调控等。近年来,随着分子生物学的发展,植物生理学目前已经进入到多个学科领域,植物基因组、转录组、表观组、蛋白质组、代谢组等研究迅速发展,为大规模解析植物各种复杂的生理过程奠定了基础,也为作物的高产优质多抗育种与绿色栽培创造了条件。  相似文献   
6.
高温好氧发酵堆肥处理技术研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
结合好氧发酵的经验,阐述了目前好氧发酵堆肥技术的现状,同时对高温好氧堆肥工艺的工艺流程、技术原理和运行参数进行了总结和分析。经过好氧堆肥处理可使废物减量化、稳定化和无害化,并进一步进行资源利用。  相似文献   
7.
探讨优秀植物配置图的设计流程   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
刘灿 《广东园林》2011,33(4):38-41
优秀植物配置图的产生需要一系列的过程控制,有很多文章从植物配置艺术角度进行研究,但在其实现成图的技术层面上鲜有涉及。文章尝试从设计流程与技术细节上来探讨其关键问题,以期高效率、高质量地完成植物配置图。  相似文献   
8.
To produce safe and healthy whole wheat food products, various grain or bran dry fractionation processes have been developed recently. In order to control the quality of the products and to adapt these processes, it is important to be able to monitor the grain tissue proportions in the different milling fractions produced. Accordingly, a quantitative method based on biochemical markers has been developed for the assessment of grain tissue proportions in grain fractions. Grain tissues that were quantified were the outer pericarp, an intermediate layer (including the outer pericarp, the testa and the hyaline layer), the aleurone cell walls, the aleurone cell contents, the endosperm and the germ, for two grain cultivars (Tiger and Crousty). Grain tissues were dissected by hand and analysed. Biochemical markers chosen were ferulic acid trimer, alkylresorcinols, para-coumaric acid, phytic acid, starch and wheat germ agglutinin, for outer pericarp, intermediate layer, aleurone cell walls, aleurone cell contents, endosperm and germ respectively. The results of tissue quantification by hand dissection and by calculation were compared and the sensitivity of the method was regarded as good (mean relative errors of 4% and 8% for Crousty and Tiger outer layers respectively). The impact of the analytical variability (maximum 13% relative error on coarse bran) was also regarded as acceptable. Wheat germ agglutinin seems to be a promising marker of wheat germ: even if the quantification method was not able to quantify the germ proportions in milling fractions, it was able to classify these fractions according to their germ content. The efficiency of this method was tested, by assessing the grain tissue proportions of fractions exhibiting very different compositions such as flour, bran and aleurone-rich fractions obtained from three different grain or bran dry fractionation processes (conventional milling, debranning process, production of aleurone-rich fractions from coarse bran). By calculation of the composition of the different products generated, it was possible to study the distribution of the different tissues among fractions resulting from the different fractionation processes. This quantitative method is thus a useful tool for the monitoring and improvement of processes, and allows the effects of these processes to be understood and their adaption to reach the objectives.  相似文献   
9.
利用色素添食技术生产家蚕彩色茧,存在着三大需要攻克的难题。第一是色彩的深度、纯度如何提高的问题;第二是提高彩色茧的色牢度问题;第三是彩色茧色彩种类如何丰富的问题。经研究发现,利用色素添食技术生产家蚕彩色茧,其彩茧的深度、纯度以及色牢度与色素、蚕品种、添食方法、环境有直接的关系,色素的有效成分高低、浓度大小等起决定因素。  相似文献   
10.
蔡祖聪 《土壤学报》2003,40(3):414-419
采用15N技术标记尿素和KNO3,研究了淹水条件下黄泥土和红壤性水稻土生成N2 O的主要过程。结果表明 ,黄泥土反硝化过程产物以N2 为主 ,N2 O的生成量可以略而不计。加入KNO3促进NO- 3异化还原成铵过程 ,从而增加N2 O生成速率。红壤性水稻土主要通过反硝化或好气反硝化过程生成N2 O ,随着土壤pH的提高或NO- 3 浓度升高 ,N2 O生成速率增大。无论是黄泥土还是红壤性水稻土 ,有相当一部分样本的N2 O的15N丰度在NO- 2 、NO- 3 、NH 4的15N丰度范围外 ,由此推论 ,氮转化生成N2 O的过程应在微生物细胞内进行。  相似文献   
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