Epizootic haematopoietic necrosis virus—An assessment of the likelihood of introduction and establishment in England and Wales

Epizootic haematopoietic necrosis virus (EHNV) is an iridovirus that affects perch (Perca fluviatilis) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). It emerged in Australia in the 1980s and has not been discovered elsewhere. It causes a high level of mortality in perch resulting in steep population declines. The main possible routes of introduction of the virus to England and Wales are the importation of infected live fish or carcasses. However, no trade in live susceptible species is permitted under current legislation, and no importation of carcasses currently takes place. The virus is hardy and low levels of challenge can infect perch. Therefore, mechanical transmission through the importation of non-susceptible fish species should be considered as a potential route of introduction and establishment. Carp (Cyprinus carpio) have been imported to the UK from Australia for release into still-water fisheries. A qualitative risk assessment concluded that the likelihood of EHNV introduction and establishment in England and Wales with the importation of a consignment of carp was very low. The level of uncertainty at a number of steps in the risk assessment scenario tree was high, notably the likelihood that carp become contaminated with the virus and whether effective contact (resulting in pathogen transmission) is made between the introduced carp and susceptible species in England and Wales. The virus would only establish when the water temperature is greater than 12 °C. Analysis of 10 years of data from two rivers in south-west England indicated that establishment could occur over a period of at least 14 weeks a year in southern England (when average water temperature exceed 12 °C). Imports of live fish from Australia need to be evaluated on a case-by-case basis to determine which, if any, sanitary measures are required to reduce the assessed risk to an acceptable level.     

对两批进口蒙古国产白蘑中有害元素的检测分析

对两批进口蒙古国产白蘑进行砷、汞、铅、镉四种有害元素检测,结果有害元素汞含量分别达到1.1mg/kg和0.9mg/kg,超出了《GB7096—2003食用菌卫生标准》规定的4.5倍和3.5倍。文章对其超标原因进行了分析,并对进口蒙古国产白蘑提出了建议。     

人民币升值对农产品贸易的影响及对策

通过对人民币升值与农产品贸易现状的分析,结合人民币升值影响农产品进出口贸易的理论依据,运用简单计量模型研究人民币升值对农产品贸易的影响,寻找农产品贸易在人民币升值背景下的应对之策,使农产品贸易因升值受到的负面影响降到最低。     

实际汇率与中国农产品国际竞争力的实证研究

回顾了汇率变动与国际竞争力的相关文献，简述了实际汇率与国际竞争力的概念，运用协整分析实证研究了实际汇率与中国农产品国际竞争力的关系，最后，提出了增强农产品贸易竞争力的建议。     

中国进口棉花数量高峰分析

应用方向数据统计方法对2004～2008年我国进口棉花数量进行了季节波动分析，通过假设检验得出中国进口棉花数量的走势具有明显的季节性波动。     

中国进口农产品水稀缺足迹研究

本文依据1999—2019年高细分度农产品贸易数据研究中国农产品进口贸易对进口来源地水资源可获性的影响效应,从演变轨迹、产品结构和进口来源地结构三个维度对中国进口农产品水稀缺足迹展开特征统计分析。研究结果表明:中国因进口农产品获得的节水效应呈现波动上升态势,但因进口替代缓解的水资源压力小于带给进口农产品产地的水资源压力,中国农产品进口贸易在水资源要素上存在着类似于"列昂惕夫悖论"的现象;2014—2019年中国进口农产品水稀缺足迹排名靠前的农产品种类主要包括棉花,碾磨谷物及谷物加工品,水果及坚果,畜禽肉、油脂及食用杂碎,植物油及其制品,豆类,油料,糖,加工糖及制糖副产品,半成品革,麻纺织品和谷物;水稀缺足迹排名靠前的进口来源地主要包括巴基斯坦、澳大利亚、美国、苏丹、乌兹别克斯坦、印度、埃及、西班牙、伊朗、哈萨克斯坦、泰国和越南。本文进而提出提升农产品自给率、拓展海外水资源利用广度和拓宽农业国际合作渠道的政策建议。     

我国棉花进口依赖性对新疆棉花产业发展的影响

中国是世界上最大的棉花生产国,也是最大的棉花进口国与消费国。该文通过种植棉花面积及产量时空变化,棉花进口依赖性和棉花进口来源国等方面的数据进行分析,在此基础上进一步探讨棉花需求量与进口量及缺口量之间的变量对新疆棉花产业发展的影响,最终提出新疆棉花产业健康发展的若干对策建议。     

科技成果转化过程分析

选取2002~2013年我国石油进出口贸易量的数据进行建模分析。首先运用小波分析理论将贸易量数据进行分解,识别出数据的主要特征和细节特征,针对不同特征进行识别和平稳性检测和参数估计,建立相应的ARIMA模型,并进行预测加权合成。仿真结果表明,小波分析结合ARIMA组合模型的预测精度远远大于为改进的ARIMA预测模型,从而为科学合理的决策提供更为精确的预测模型。     

提高中国粮食自给率的形势分析及政策建议

粮食安全问题至关重要,关系着一国的政治经济稳定.该研究从粮食自给率的概念出发,分析了粮食自给率的影响因素及中国粮食自给率的现状,阐述了确定粮食自给率需要考虑的方面,并就如何提高粮食自给率提出一些政策建议.