Coating performance on glutaraldehyde-modified wood

Scots pine(Pinus sylvestris L.) panels were modified with glutaraldehyde(GA) to various weight percent gains and subsequently coated with several commercial coatings. The drying rate and adhesion of the coatings on the modified wood were measured; the coated/modified woods were exposed outdoors to analyze how the wood modifications influence the coating deterioration. The results showed that GA modification caused an increase in the drying rate of the waterborne coatings, but had no influence on drying of tested solvent-borne coatings. GAmodification did not change the dry adhesion but reduced the wood strength in a pull-off test. Wet adhesion of waterborne coatings was improved, while that of the solvent-borne coatings tended to be somewhat reduced. During 22 months of outdoor weathering, the coated/modified samples exhibited lower moisture content than the coated/unmodified samples, but GA modification didn't contribute a substantially synergistic effect with surface coatings on resistance to weathering.     

甘油和戊二醛对丝素膜性能的改良效果

为改善丝素膜的使用性能,在丝素溶液中添加甘油和戊二醛后制膜,探讨利用甘油的吸湿性能和戊二醛的交联作用对丝素膜性能的改良效果。结果表明:添加甘油的丝素膜持水性增强、耐水性能和相对伸长大幅度提高;戊二醛可以弥补添加甘油引起的丝素膜拉伸强度的下降。甘油和戊二醛的添加的质量分数分别为0.5%和0.2%时所制成的丝素膜质地湿润、光滑、柔软而富有弹性,其综合性能指标优于表面经80%甲醇处理的丝素膜。     

醛类消毒剂的概述

当下由于受非洲猪瘟疫情的影响,猪场将生物安全置于一个新高度。目前,利用生物安全措施是防控非洲猪瘟疫情的第一手段,而消毒是生物安全防控措施中最重要的一环。醛类消毒剂作为一种高效消毒剂,在猪场消毒中得到了广泛的应用,文章简述了醛类消毒药的类别和在畜牧生产中使用的优缺点,旨在推广醛类消毒剂在猪场中的规范使用和相关人员安全意识地提高。     

Disinfection of Sparus aurata eggs with glutaraldehyde

This study was conducted to determine suitable conditions fordisinfecting eggs of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)with glutaraldehyde. Effects of the developmental stage (4–8 cells,morula, blastopore closure or heart beating), of the concentration (C = 200,300or 400 ppm) and of the duration of the glutaraldehyde treatment (T= 2 to 10 min) were investigated. Before the blastopore closurestage, egg manipulation and treatment induced mortality. After this stage, thetoxicity of the glutaraldehyde treatment was negligible if the value of theproduct C × T was less than 1000. Above this value, the percentage ofhatching and of normal larvae decreased and the percentage of imprisoned larvaeincreased. Toxic effects of glutaraldehyde varied according to the egg qualityat the time of the treatment. It was concluded that 200 ppmglutaraldehyde for 4 min, at the blastopore closure stage or attheheart beating stage, were acceptable conditions for disinfecting gilthead seabream eggs at 18 °C.     

戊二醛对壳聚糖交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮水凝胶结构和性能的影响

[目的]把聚乙烯吡咯烷酮与壳聚糖的大分子链进行交联,破坏壳聚糖大分子链的规整结构,增强壳聚糖的亲水性,改善对脂肪的吸附能力。[方法]以戊二醛为交联剂,通过壳聚糖大分子链的羟基和氨基,在壳聚糖大分子链之间形成化学交联点,同时网络聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,形成半互穿网络结构,合成聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)/壳聚糖(CS)交联水凝胶。最后,考察交联剂的用量对凝胶溶胀度和脂肪吸附能力的影响。[结果]红外光谱分析证明发生了交联反应,形成半互穿网络结构。SEM照片观察到PVP/CS交联凝胶表面呈微相分离。性能的测定结果表明,该凝胶在水中有很好的溶胀性,当交联剂的用量为2.5 ml时,凝胶的溶胀度最大。[结论]壳聚糖交联聚维酮凝胶对脂肪的吸附能力比起单纯的壳聚糖有很大的提高。     

丝素蛋白/戊二醛对脆弱丝绸织物加固的工艺条件研究

采用丝素蛋白和交联剂戊二醛作为加固脆弱丝绸织物的材料,通过正交试验,研究了丝素蛋白和戊二醛的质量浓度、浸渍时间等因素对脆弱丝绸织物断裂强度、断裂伸长率、增重率、回潮率、色差、硬挺度等的影响,得出较优的加固处理工艺方案:丝素蛋白质量浓度为5 g/L,戊二醛质量浓度为0.05 g/L,在丝素蛋白溶液中的浸渍时间(t1)为40 min,戊二醛中的浸渍时间(t2)为60 min。在此工艺条件下,丝素蛋白/戊二醛对脆弱丝绸织物的加固效果明显,而且手感和外观较好。可利用该方法及工艺对丝绸文物进行加固保护。     

Surface disinfection of Atlantic halibut and turbot eggs with glutaraldehyde: evaluation of concentrations and contact times

To evaluate the effects of glutaraldehyde treatment at different disinfection temperatures, Atlantic halibut, Hippoglossus hippoglossus (L.), and turbot, Scophthalmus maximus (L.), eggs, incubated at 5 and 12°C, respectively, were disinfected with 400–1200 mg glutaraldehyde l-1 at three different contact times (2.5, 5 and 10 min). Egg batches of both poor and good quality were tested for halibut. Positive effects were more pronounced in poor than in good-quality batches at hatching. Egg disinfection had a highly positive effect on the viability of yolk-sac larvae in both types of batches. A level between 400 and 800 mg l-1 at a contact time of 5–10 min was optimal for halibut: at lower levels, the bactericidal effect was reduced, and at higher levels, there were indications of toxic effects. Halibut eggs disinfected with optimal doses of glutaraldehyde had furthermore a reduced hatching time and more synchronous hatching as compared with untreated eggs. Turbot was more sensitive to higher doses than halibut, and the best larval performance was obtained for 400–800 mg glutaraldehyde l-1 at a contact time of 2.5 min. A further evaluation should, however, be performed before recommendations are given for species incubated at temperatures higher than 5°C.     

An Investigation of the Ability of the Glutaraldehyde Test to Distinguish between Acute and Chronic Inflammatory Disease in Horses

The Glutaraldehyde test (GT), a rapid and inexpensive test, has been utilized empirically for many years in bovine practice for diagnosing inflammatory diseases. GT is used primarily to demonstrate increased serum concentrations of fibrinogen and globulin. Glutaraldehyde binds with free amino groups in fibrinogen and immunoglobulin to create a clot in a first degree chemical reaction. The clotting time of the GT estimates the content of proteins produced in response to inflammation. The applicability of GT for diagnosing inflammation in the horse has never been investigated. The objective of this study was to determine the ability of GT to distinguish between acute and chronic inflammatory disease in horses. Thirty-seven horses with suspected inflammatory diseases were evaluated using the GT, history, complete clinical examination and routine blood analysis. GT-times, laboratory results and clinical outcome were compared statistically. Horses that were determined to be acutely affected (based on history, clinical examination and routine blood analysis) tended to have a negative GT (75%). Results of the GT did not correlate with blood fibrinogen concentration. Positive GT also predicted a fatal outcome in 69% of the clinical cases. The results of this trial indicate that GT can be a useful screening test to distinguish between acute and chronic inflammatory disease in horses.     

戊二醛对气单胞菌的抑菌杀菌效果研究

[目的]研究戊二醛对气单胞菌的杀菌效果,为戊二醛在水产养殖上的合理使用提供依据。[方法]以气单胞菌属标准株ATCC7966和分离自养殖环境及患病鱼的气单胞菌为试验菌株,通过肉汤二倍稀释法研究。[结果]戊二醛在低浓度时能抑制气单胞菌的生长增殖,高浓度杀灭细菌,其对7株气单胞菌的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）均为7.8 mg/L,其最小杀菌浓度为62.5 mg/L（ATCC7966、Aero-monas sp.T3、Aeromonas sp.T5、Aeromonas sp.T6）和125mg/L（Aeromonas sp.T1、Aeromonas sp.T2、Aeromonas sp.T4）。[结论]为戊二醛的合理使用提供一定的依据。     

Surface disinfection of eggs from marine fish: evaluation of four chemicals

For surface disinfection of marine fish eggs Buffodine (1.06% free iodine), glutaraldehyde, chloramine-T and sodium hypochlorite (5% free chlorine) were tested using plaice (Pleuronectes platessa L.) as the main species for evaluation. Glutaraldehyde was the most promising candidate of the four chemicals tested. Good bactericidal effects without any documented negative effects on eggs and larvae were obtained at concentrations of 400–600 mg l^–1 and contact times of 5–10 min. Replicated experiments under identical disinfection conditions revealed a clear correlation between the degree of successful surface disinfection and the initial bacterial load of the egg batch.