新型农业经营主体开展农产品电子商务的现状及问题探析

文章首先对家庭农场（专业大户）、农民专业合作社以及农业产业化龙头企业等新型农业经营主体开展农产品电子商务现状进行梳理,归纳总结了各类主体开展农产品电子商务的特点以及采用的电子商务模式。其次,从客观条件和主观意识2个方面,分析了制约新型农业经营主体开展农产品电子商务的关键因素。最后,从政府管理层面和新型农业经营主体层面分别提出了促进农产品电子商务采纳的对策建议,即在政府管理层面,要从人才培养、智慧物流、精准施政、第三方服务等方面扫清障碍;在新型农业经营主体层面,提倡品牌定位精准化、生产流程标准化、生产过程可视化、营销模式多元化、产品包装规格化,充分发挥新型农业经营主体在推动农产品电子商务发展和农业现代化建设中的示范引领作用。     

A comparison of constructed and natural habitat for frog conservation in an Australian agricultural landscape

Constructed ponds are an important consideration in the conservation of wetland biota in agricultural landscapes. Twenty-two natural ponds and 22 adjacent constructed ponds (farm dams) were surveyed on the Southern Tablelands of New South Wales to compare patterns of use by frogs and develop frog conservation recommendations. Farm dams supported similar numbers of frog species to natural ponds, although differences in frog assemblage were observed between the pond types. Limnodynastes tasmaniensis and Uperolia laevigata were significantly more likely to occur at farm dams while L. peronii was more likely to occur at natural ponds. Results suggest waterbodies with high levels of emergent vegetation cover that lack fish are likely to support a high number of frog species, regardless of origin (i.e. natural or constructed). However, it is important for landholders to conserve natural waterbodies as these environments appear likely to support frog species that do not use farm dams.     

农民创业过程中基层政府与农民关系的探究

在国家政策的积极支持下,现在农民创业的热情非常高涨,也有很多成功的案例,但不少基层政府没有很好地理解政策的精神,导致创业过程中农民与基层政府的关系出现了偏差,使得农民不相信基层政府,甚至对有些干部非常反感。本文分析了关系出现偏差的原因并提出了完善的措施。     

国外“家庭农场”发展探析

2013 年中央一号文件首次提出野家庭农场冶的概念,释放出我国在农户家庭经营基础上发展家庭农场的 政策信号。家庭农场在国外有着悠久的历史,以美国尧加拿大尧荷兰尧日本等为代表,分析国外家庭农场经营的经验和 教训。他山之石,可以攻玉,看国外如何经营家庭农场,从而得出对我国家庭农场在认定标准尧土地流转尧农业补贴以 及科技化和机械化经营方面的启示。     

海南农垦胡椒产业链发展模式探讨

介绍海南农垦胡椒产业发展的基本情况,分析其目前存在的主要问题,提出海南农垦胡椒产业链发展模式的对策与建议。     

土地流转年限对家庭农场农业综合效率的影响路径研究

农地产权稳定是家庭农场发展壮大的重要根基。本研究利用运城市400户家庭农场的调查数据,采用中介效应模型,预测了土地经营权流转年限对农业综合效率的影响路径。研究发现,稳定的农地经营权年限从总体上显著提高了综合效率;土地流转年限主要通过土地流转价格和是否购买农机这两个中介变量来影响家庭农场的综合生产效率,即通过降低土地流转价格、减少购买农机服务,购买农机以实现自我服务来提升农业综合生产效率;农户内部的农机自我服务水平对综合效率的影响强于外包农机服务。因此,本研究提出积极建立土地流转收益动态调整机制,激励农户签订长期土地流转合同;继续完善土地承包权转让市场;提高外出务工人员的社会保障水平,降低退地农民的风险;加大补贴力度、持续推进农机自我服务机制建设。     

将乐县中小型规模化养猪场免疫程序情况及其优化方案

通过对将乐县中小型规模猪场免疫程序及免疫效果情况的调查,认为首次接种猪瘟、高致病性蓝耳病、口蹄疫疫苗时,可采用猪口蹄疫疫苗与高致病性蓝耳病疫苗同时注射,1周后再接种猪瘟疫苗,免疫效果较好。     

里岔黑猪养殖场卫生消毒技术要点

做好卫生消毒工作是规模养殖场做好防疫和猪群保健的基础环节,是预防、控制和消灭动物疫病的根本。文章介绍了消毒基本原则、设施建设、技术方法及消毒记录等内容,旨在针对现有消毒方法和养殖场实际相结合,将里岔黑猪规模猪场消毒技术进行总结,以期指导里岔黑猪养殖生产应用,提高养殖场生物安全控制和公共卫生安全防护。     

广东农垦甘蔗产业发展现状

广东农垦立足传统蔗业,以科学发展观为统领,积极实践新技术、新方法和新措施,发展甘蔗产业,建成了全国最大的甘蔗生产机械化综合示范基地。并针对实践中存在的问题,提出了今后发展的措施。     

Spatial Variation of Soil Urease Activity Around Irrigated Date Palms

The inhibition of soil urease activity by the accumulation of soluble salts in a coastal region of the Sultanate of Oman susceptible to salinization was investigated . Soil transects around six individual date palms (Phoenix dactylifera L.) growing on commercially managed farms were intensively sampled and assayed for soil urease activity . Activities ranged from 0 . 10 to 39 . 85 mu g NH + 4 released g 1 soil h 1 at 37 C . Soil collected from within 70 cm of the palms h ad a higher urease activity than soil from a distance 1 . 5 m . Multiple regression analysis showed that more than 75 % of the variance in soil urease activity was accounted for by soil physi cochemical properties , except in sandy soils low in organic carbon ( C ). The soil properties most closely associated with urease activity were soil organic C , salinity , and texture . A scattergram of urease activity against salinity showed high variabil ity in activity at low salinities ( 0 . 5 dS m 1 in 1 :5 soil to water extracts ) and severe inhibition at salinity values 12 dS m 1. In nonsaline soils , variation in urease activity was closely associated with variations in organic C and clay con tents , whereas at saline conditions , only soil salinity was significantly associated with urease activity .