绵羊肺腺瘤病毒致瘤机制研究进展

绵羊肺腺瘤(OPA)是由绵羊肺腺瘤病毒(OPAV)引起的一种慢性、传染性绵羊肺脏肿瘤性疾病,该病对养羊业,特别是种羊的发展有重大影响,世界动物卫生组织将其列为必须通报的动物疫病。论文就近年来国内外关于OPAV致瘤机制的相关研究进行了综述,包括OPAV的转录特异性和囊膜蛋白的致瘤作用和OPAV受体等。这对深入研究OPAV的致瘤机制及确定相应的防控靶点,具有重要的理论意义和潜在的应用价值。     

Research Progress and Countermeasures of Porcine Endogenous Retrovirus in Chinese Miniature

The paper is a brief introduction of porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV) innovative research results in the world and also expounds the passing PERV existence situation on different varieties of miniature pig, analyzes the PERV-virus gene cloning and sequence, appraises method on cell level, create the platform of infection HEK293 cells research, study on pigs A3F inhibition of PERV, and reveal the innovative research results on the specific molecular genetics in the different strain of PERV, analyzes the advantages of Wuzhishan miniature pig inbred line such as low gene copy of PERV,and there is no passing PERV-C specificity and as well as looking forward to cultivate the methods for new strain of PERV negative pigs. It will provide a scientific counter measure and new perspective to solve the spread of disease risk of miniature pig PERV and product safety for human xenotransplantation and biomedical materials of research and development.     

稳定表达绵羊肺腺瘤病毒表面蛋白A549细胞系的建立

为研究绵羊肺腺瘤病病毒(JSRV)表面蛋白(SU)的致瘤机制,本研究构建稳定表达SU的羊肺细胞A549细胞系.采用PCR方法从含su基因的pGEX-4T-1-SU重组质粒中扩增SU编码序列,将其克隆至真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(+)中,转染A549细胞.通过G418筛选,对转染阳性细胞进行纯化,获得稳定表达JSRV SU蛋白的A549细胞系.以间接免疫荧光及western blot鉴定SU的表达状况,并运用共聚焦显微镜确认SU蛋白的亚细胞定位.结果表明,重组蛋白SU在A549细胞中有效表达,而且主要分布于细胞质中.该细胞系的建立为SU生物学功能的体外研究提供了平台.     

绵羊Sox2基因逆转录病毒载体的构建与检测

为建立利用内源诱导因子诱导绵羊体细胞为多能干细胞(induced pluripotent stem cell,iPS)的方法,对绵羊Sox2基因进行克隆,并与pMXs连接构建逆转录病毒载体,将构建的载体转染293GP细胞以获得假病毒上清,利用假病毒上清侵染绵羊胎儿成纤维细胞以检测细胞中的Sox2表达变化。PCR和酶切鉴定结果显示,成功构建了pMXs-Sox2重组质粒,该质粒具有转染293GP细胞的能力,所获得的假病毒上清侵染绵羊胎儿成纤维细胞后,可诱导细胞表达Sox2基因。本研究为开展绵羊iPS的相关研究提供依据。     

逆转录病毒转染胚盘细胞制备嵌合体鸡胚的研究

 【目的】通过重组逆转录病毒体内感染源于第X期胚盘细胞的方法获得嵌合体鸡。【方法】将扩增的增强型绿色荧光蛋白(EGFP)基因的开放阅读框插入逆转录病毒表达载体pour-pBabe中获得重组逆转录表达载体;采用磷酸钙转染法将其与包装载体pVSVG共转入293 10A1包装细胞中进行病毒包装,得到病毒原液经超速离心浓缩200倍后注入种蛋(第X期)胚盘下腔,孵化种蛋。提取孵化5.5天的鸡胚基因组DNA,进行PCR检测和Southern杂交检测。【结果】构建含EGFP完整开放阅读框的逆转录病毒表达载体pour-pBabe-EGFP,提取孵化5.5 d鸡胚基因组DNA,经PCR、Southern杂交检测,嵌合体阳性率分别为75%和66.7%。【结论】通过用重组逆转录病毒体内感染鸡胚盘细胞的方法可获得嵌合体鸡。     

猴D型逆转录病毒P27基因的表达、纯化及重组蛋白的鉴定

根据GenBank上已发表的猴D型逆转录病毒SRV-2株基因组序列设计合成了一对特异性引物,通过PCR扩增出P27基因。将扩增出的片段克隆到原核表达载体pBAD/Thio-TOPO上,通过序列分析证实该片段与猴D型逆转录病毒SRV-2株P27基因序列一致。将阳性重组质粒转化至大肠杆菌T0P010中,用阿拉伯糖诱导表达,表达的融合蛋白进行SDS-PAGE和WesternBlot分析,并用proBondTM柱在天然状态下进行纯化。结果表明,表达的融合蛋白分子量约为50KDa,其大小与预期相符。     

中国巴马小型猪内源性反转录病毒的检测

目的 :对我国特有巴马小型猪内源性反转录病毒 ( porcine endogenous retrovirus,PERV)的存在与 m RNA的表达情况进行检测 ,了解巴马小型猪内源性反转录病毒的携带情况。方法 :根据以往建立的 PCR、RT-PCR检测方法 ,对来自于巴马小型猪外周血淋巴细胞的 DNA和RNA样品进行 PERV核心蛋白基因 ( gag)、多聚酶基因 ( pol)及囊膜基因 ( env)的存在与表达进行检测 ;同时 ,根据目前通用的 env基因分型方法检测 PERV env-A、env-B、env-C的存在与表达。结果 :在 1 2个被检的 DNA样品中均检出了PERV特异性 DNA的存在 ;同样 ,在 1 2个被检的 RNA样品中均有 PERV特异性 RNA的表达 ,且所表达的 PERV均为 A型和 B型 ;其中有9个 DNA样品检测出 PERV-C型的存在 ,所有样品中均未检出 C型 PERV的表达。结论 :检测结果表明 1 2个被检巴马小型猪基因组中存在着内源性反转录病毒序列 ,且能以 m RNA的形式表达 ,这一结果为我国特有小型猪的开发、利用及其病毒安全性评价奠定了基础。     

含LacZ重组逆转录病毒的制备及其在NIH3T3细胞的表达

构建了含有3．7kbLacZ的重组逆转录病毒载体,转染包装细胞系PA317后,经G418筛选,得到了G418的抗性的产毒细胞系,用收获的含有重组逆转录病毒粒子的浓缩病毒上清,感染NIH3T3细胞。经X-gal染色检测,发现表达了LacZ的NIH3T3细胞呈蓝色。     

Ovine Pulmonary Adenomatosis in Patagonia,Argentina

An outbreak of pulmonary adenomatosis (OPA) occurred in sheep in Patagonia, Argentina's southernmost region. On the affected farm, nine animals died over a 6-month period with pulmonary lesions of OPA. In all cases, the histology of the lungs was characterized by proliferation of cuboideal and prismatic cells lining the alveoli. Inflammatory exudates and accumulation of alveolar macrophages were marked in most cases, but in six of the cases there was no excess fluid in the airways. The presence of the Jaagsiekte retrovirus was demonstrated in the lungs by immunocytochemistry and PCR. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of OPA in Patagonia.     

Lymphoid leukosis viruses,their recognition as ‘persistent’ viruses and comparisons with certain other retroviruses of veterinary importance

Diseases caused by lymphoid leukosis virus (LLV), a retrovirus, take a long time after infection to develop and have a wide variety of pathological manifestations. This long latent period is characteristic of persistent virus infections. Disease produced by LLV infection and its underlying mechanisms is compared with persistent infections caused by other retroviruses in birds and mammals of veterinary importance. The diseases considered for comparison are those caused by reticuloendotheliosis, feline leukaemia, bovine leukosis and equine infectious anaemia viruses. There are significant changes in the immunological status in all diseases caused by these viruses. LLV infections follow this trend with, in manifestations of neoplastic disease, a perturbation of the normal switch that occurs from IgM to IgG synthesis. There are also indications of other immunological disturbances.Factors other than immunological disturbances may contribute to the length of time after infection required for the many forms of LLV infection to appear. Such additional factors may include the operation of biological clocks, such as the arrival of sexual maturity, and also the very nature of retroviruses. These factors, like the immunological changes, play major roles in the maintenance and progression of persistent retrovirus infections.Abbreviations ACTH adrenocorticotropic hormone - AEV avian erythroblastosis virus - AMV avian myeloblastosis virus - BLV bovine leukaemia virus - CAV chicken anaemia virus - EBL enzootic bovine leukaemia - EIAV equine infectious anaemia virus - env envelope gene - FeLV feline leukaemia virus - FeSV feline sarcoma virus - FOCMA feline oncovirus membrane-associated antigen; gag, group antigen gene - HTLV human T-cell leukaemia virus - LLV lymphoid leukosis virus - L/S leukosis/sarcoma - LTR long terminal repeat - MAV myeloblastosis-associated virus - MDV Marek disease virus - MuLV mouse leukaemia virus - ORF open reading frame; pol, polymerase gene - REV reticuloendotheliosis virus - RIF resistance-inducing factor - RSV Rous sarcoma virus