Effects of Different Forced Molting Methods on Postmolt Production,Corticosterone Level,and Immune Response to Sheep Red Blood Cells in Laying Hens

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different molting methods on postmolt production, plasma corticosterone levels, and antibody production to SRBC for the welfare of laying hens. This experiment was conducted with 120 IGH-type Brown laying hens (70 wk of age), randomly divided into 3 experimental groups. The hens in one group were fed a whole-grain barley diet during the first 10 d (WB diet). On d 11, hens consumed 100 g of layer diet/d until d 28. In the second group, hens were fed a Zn diet containing 10,000 mg/kg of Zn as ZnO for 10 d (Zn diet). Hens were then provided 100 g of a layer diet from d 11 to 28. In the third group, feed was withdrawn for 10 d, and on d 11 hens were fed a cracked corn diet ad libitum until d 28 (California method; CAL diet). Hens in all groups were returned to the layer diet ad libitum on d 29. Egg weight was lower in the Zn treatment than in the other treatments. Feed intake and plasma corticosterone levels were higher and antibody production was lower in the CAL treatment than in the WB and Zn groups. The FCR was better in the WB than in the Zn group. Mortality, egg production, and egg quality were not significantly different among the molting methods. As a result, the WB molting program was the best method for postmolt production among the programs examined.     

KK-42对蜕皮后期日本沼虾头胸甲超微结构的影响

为了深入探究KK-42对表皮结构的影响,本实验以外表皮形成趋于结束而内表皮开始出现的蜕皮后期幼虾为材料,通过扫描电镜观察石蜡切片法,分析了KK-42处理前后头胸甲外表皮,尤其是内表皮结构的变化。将处于蜕皮间期的健康幼虾[体长(3.5±0.1)cm]随机分为2组,分别用1.95×10^-4 mol/L的KK-42溶液和不含KK-42的溶液处理,取蜕皮后1.5、3.0、6.0及12.0 h幼虾头胸甲,观察其超微结构。另取蜕皮后6.0 h头胸甲,用解剖刀轻轻刮去内面组织,通过扫描电镜观察内表皮的表面结构。结果显示,蜕皮后1.5和3.0 h,头胸甲只包含上表皮和外表皮,KK-42处理组外表皮的板层数量显著增加,外表皮厚度分别比相应对照组提高了72.07%和38.67%;蜕皮后6.0~12.0 h,外表皮中疏松的板层趋于致密,其厚度在二组间无统计学差异。蜕皮后6.0 h,只有1层板层的内表皮出现,到蜕皮后12.0 h,板层数增至2层(对照组)和3层(处理组),且板层结构均疏松。此外,内表皮表面分布着大小不等、头尾走向的梭形孔道(pore canals);KK-42处理组内表皮结构未见明显变化。实验表明,KK-42对蜕皮后期日本沼虾幼虾头胸甲的超微结构有显著影响,能加快外表皮及内表皮板层的形成速率。